McIvor v Canada and the 2010 Amendments to the Indian Act: A Half-Hearted Rememdy to Historical Injustice

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (1, 2 & 3) ◽  
pp. 2011
Author(s):  
Sarah E. Hamill
Keyword(s):  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Neutral System ◽  
Historical Injustice ◽  
Canadian Government ◽  
Indian Act ◽  
Gender Neutral

2010 saw the twenty-fifth anniversary of two important legal developments in Canada: Bill C-31, which significantly amended the existingIndian Act, and the coming into effect of section 15 of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms.1 Section 15 was partially responsible for the introduction of Bill C-31. The Canadian government introduced Bill C-31 to address, among other things, gender discrimination in the system of Indian status. Bill C-31, however, fell short of its goal of introducing a gender-neutral system of Indian status under the Indian Act.

scholarly journals McIvor v. Canada and the 2010 Amendments to the Indian Act: A Half-Hearted Remedy to Historical Injustice

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1, 2 & 3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah E. Hamill
Keyword(s):  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Neutral System ◽  
Historical Injustice ◽  
Canadian Government ◽  
Indian Act ◽  
Gender Neutral

2010 saw the twenty-fifth anniversary of two important legal developments in Canada: Bill C-31, which significantly amended the existing Indian Act, and the coming into effect of section 15 of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms. Section 15 was partially responsible for the introduction of Bill C-31. The Canadian government introduced Bill C-31 to address, among other things, gender discrimination in the system of Indian status. Bill C-31, however, fell short of its goal of introducing a gender-neutral system of Indian status under the Indian Act.

Two Women, One Man: Knowledge, Power, and Gender in Medieval Sunni Legal Thought

1997 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Fadel
Keyword(s):  
Belief System ◽  
Empirical Science ◽  
Neutral System ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Core ◽  
Fatima Mernissi ◽  
Gender Neutral ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
The Veil ◽  
And Gender

Many Muslim feminists have argued that at the core of Islam lies a gender-neutral belief system that has been obscured by a centuries-long tradition of male-dominated interpretation. Although this gender-neutral system of belief had been almost entirely suppressed by the ruling Islamic discourses, according to Leila Ahmed, marginalized discourses such as Sufism and the antinomian Carmathians were able to preserve Islam's message of the ethical equality of men and women. Amina Wadud-Muhsin argues that the traditional verse-by-verse method of Qurʾanic exegesis, along with its domination by male practitioners, marginalized female experiences in understanding revelation. In her view, these two factors ultimately led to the suppression of the Qurʾan's message of gender equality. Fatima Mernissi, in The Veil and the Male Elite, instead argues that the religious scholars of Islam, because of their fear of subjectivity, were content with a purely empirical science of religion—a methodology that left the door wide open to the manipulation of revelation through interpretation. Unlike Ahmed, however, she recognizes that even within the dominant discourse of the Sunni scholars, not all spoke of women in the same monotonously misogynistic voice.

Sexism in Medical Communication

2020 ◽  
pp. 75-93
Author(s):  
Yasmin Grant
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Medical Profession ◽  
Family Responsibilities ◽  
Medical Communication ◽  
Gender Inequity ◽  
Women In Medicine ◽  
Gender Neutral ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Cultural Structure

Communication is one of the most essential skills of the medical profession, however, it is a tool through which sexism and gender discrimination are promoted and reproduced. There is often the perception in medicine and surgery that gender inequity centres on lifestyle, family responsibilities, and childcare issues. However, this chapter highlights that deeply engrained biases in medical communication still exist, and are perpetrated by institutions and individuals, women included. Awareness of gendered language must be raised and highlighted in order to make a change. It is achievable to speak in gender-neutral ways that are inclusive and precise as to not conjure biased attitudes towards women in medicine. Social change must be pursued at the level of the institution, the cultural structure, and at the interactional level of gender.

Jean does the dishes while Marie fixes the car: a qualitative and quantitative study of social gender in French syntax articles

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Célia Richy ◽  
Heather Burnett
Keyword(s):  
Gender Bias ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Noun Phrases ◽  
Subject Position ◽  
Thematic Roles ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Gender Neutral ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Study ◽  
Masculine Gender ◽  
Grammatical Functions

ABSTRACTThis article addresses the question of gender bias observed in constructed examples of French syntax articles. Drawing our inspiration from Macaulay and Brice (1997) and Pabst et al. (2018)’s studies of English, we investigate the way women and men are depicted in constructed examples in syntax articles in French. We looked at grammatical functions, thematic roles and lexical choices and found a strong male bias in the use of gendered noun phrases (i.e. more references to men than to women; men are more likely to be in a subject position as well as being referred to via pronouns, and more likely to be agents and experiencers). Furthermore, women and men are not related to the same lexical choices. Besides, since French is a grammatical gender language where masculine gender can also be intended as gender neutral, we designed a second study to investigate masculine marked noun phrases (ambiguous masculines, AMs). When we compared AM noun phrases to female and male arguments in terms of grammatical functions and thematic roles, we found that, in production, they were different than true masculines. We discuss the implications of our results for the meaning of ‘gender neutral masculines’ and for practices anchoring gender discrimination.

scholarly journals Identity development and belonging of first nations women from Georgina Island

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolynne Warton
Keyword(s):  
Identity Development ◽  
Indigenous Knowledge ◽  
First Nations ◽  
Sense Of Belonging ◽  
First Nation ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Canadian Government ◽  
Indian Act ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
First Nations Women

This study explores the effects of the Indian Act and Bill C-31 on the identity development and sense of belonging felt by women from Georgina Island First Nation. The purpose of this study is to give voice to the First Nations women from Georgina Island whose identity and lives have been impacted by this legislation. The framework and methodology that guided this research was respectful of the indigenous knowledge and traditions of this community. The vision of the community and the participants was the most important focus of this study. The sharing which took place provided insight into the how it felt for the women to have their identity removed by the Canadian Government, the challenges that the removal created within the community, what it felt like to have that identity 'given' back, how important community is and what these women wish for our future generations.

Sexism in Medical Communication

2022 ◽  
pp. 70-88
Author(s):  
Yasmin Grant
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Medical Profession ◽  
Family Responsibilities ◽  
Medical Communication ◽  
Gender Inequity ◽  
Women In Medicine ◽  
Gender Neutral ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Cultural Structure

Communication is one of the most essential skills of the medical profession, however, it is a tool through which sexism and gender discrimination are promoted and reproduced. There is often the perception in medicine and surgery that gender inequity centres on lifestyle, family responsibilities, and childcare issues. However, this chapter highlights that deeply engrained biases in medical communication still exist, and are perpetrated by institutions and individuals, women included. Awareness of gendered language must be raised and highlighted in order to make a change. It is achievable to speak in gender-neutral ways that are inclusive and precise as to not conjure biased attitudes towards women in medicine. Social change must be pursued at the level of the institution, the cultural structure, and at the interactional level of gender.

scholarly journals Identity development and belonging of first nations women from Georgina Island

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolynne Warton
Keyword(s):  
Identity Development ◽  
Indigenous Knowledge ◽  
First Nations ◽  
Sense Of Belonging ◽  
First Nation ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Canadian Government ◽  
Indian Act ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
First Nations Women

This study explores the effects of the Indian Act and Bill C-31 on the identity development and sense of belonging felt by women from Georgina Island First Nation. The purpose of this study is to give voice to the First Nations women from Georgina Island whose identity and lives have been impacted by this legislation. The framework and methodology that guided this research was respectful of the indigenous knowledge and traditions of this community. The vision of the community and the participants was the most important focus of this study. The sharing which took place provided insight into the how it felt for the women to have their identity removed by the Canadian Government, the challenges that the removal created within the community, what it felt like to have that identity 'given' back, how important community is and what these women wish for our future generations.

scholarly journals Professional Titles for Women Seafarers in the Croatian and Montenegrin Media

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Milena Dževerdanović Pejović
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
English Language ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Gender Neutral ◽  
Professional Titles ◽  
The Republic ◽  
And Gender

This paper aims to present a comparative view of the English and Croatian female maritime ranks aboard ship in the language of media. Regarding the English language, male/masculine forms have also been normative and gender-neutral; in other words, they refer to both genders (pilot, lawyer, captain). However, changes in the society and “embarkation” of women on board masculine professions have been reflected in language changes as well. The female professional titles are derived from the masculine forms. Social changes and gender awareness politics simultaneously took place in both countries, resulting in the rise of women seafarer number on board ships. This paper presents a review of the comparative analysis of Montenegrin and Croatian texts. The results show that Croatian media use the female titles more frequently and regularly, while in Montenegrin texts their use is somewhat sporadic. The reasons for this are also found in the ethnical picture of the two countries. Montenegrin society still rests on patriarchal values and the authors of the texts prefer using masculine forms as gender-neutral. What is more, the Republic of Croatia accessed the European Union in 2013, and it was undoubtedly required to implement institutional regulations relating to minimizing gender discrimination in the society and public discourse. Finally, it was concluded that linguists and language planners have to differentiate between justified and non-justified use of female forms as they can assume the pejorative meaning.

scholarly journals Assimilation Tactics: Indigenous Women, the Politics of Birth, and the Colonization of Bodies on the Canadian Prairies During the Late Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Colby Parkkila
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Gender Norms ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Indigenous Women ◽  
Canadian Prairies ◽  
Canadian Government ◽  
Indian Act ◽  
Late Nineteenth

Colonialism is a highly gendered process whose effects are disproportionately felt by women, and within the context of the settler state of Canada, by Indigenous women. The imposition of Euro-Canadian gender norms upon Indigenous Peoples by the settler Canadian government was driven by an explicit goal of assimilation. Consequently, Indigenous women have had their important positions within their communities as matriarchs, elders, midwives, healers, and other positions of significance undermined. While there are numerous dimensions to the Canadian government’s attempt to force Indigenous women into subservient gender roles, this paper is a historical analysis that focuses on the government’s attempt to exert control over the bodies and sexuality of Indigenous women, alongside restrictions placed upon Indigenous women that limited their ability to pursue midwifery following the introduction of the Indian Act in 1876.

Kick-Starting Female Careers

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 193-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanja Hentschel ◽  
Lisa Kristina Horvath ◽  
Claudia Peus ◽  
Sabine Sczesny
Keyword(s):  
Word Pair ◽  
Linguistic Form ◽  
Gender Neutral ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activities ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Entrepreneurship programs often aim at increasing women’s lower entrepreneurial activities. We investigate how advertisements for entrepreneurship programs can be designed to increase women’s application intentions. Results of an experiment with 156 women showed that women indicate (1) lower self-ascribed fit to and interest in the program after viewing a male-typed image (compared to a gender-neutral or female-typed image) in the advertisement; and (2) lower self-ascribed fit to and interest in the program as well as lower application intentions if the German masculine linguistic form of the term “entrepreneur” (compared to the gender-fair word pair “female and male entrepreneur”) is used in the recruitment advertisement. Women’s reactions are most negative when both a male-typed image and the masculine linguistic form appear in the advertisement. Self-ascribed fit and program interest mediate the relationship of advertisement characteristics on application intentions.

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