scholarly journals Role of plantar aponeurosis in the formation of cavus component in recurrent congenital equinocavovarus deformity

TRAUMA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
S.O. Khmyzov ◽  
G.V. Kykosh ◽  
M.Yu. Karpinsky
Keyword(s):  
Conservative Treatment ◽  
Tensile Force ◽  
Foot Deformities ◽  
Childhood Disability ◽  
Initial Length ◽  
Arch Height ◽  
Pes Cavus ◽  
Plantar Aponeurosis ◽  
Longitudinal Arch

Background. Congenital equinocavovarus deformity (CECVD) is the second most frequent among all congenital disorders of the musculoskeletal system in children, and one of the most common causes of childhood disability in Ukraine. The incidence of CECVD reaches 1–3 cases per 1,000 newborns (35–40 % of all foot deformities). According to some authors, plantar fasciotomy can improve the shape and function of support and walking in these patients. The purpose was to determine the role of plantar aponeurosis in the formation of the cavus component in cases of recurrent CECVD in children. Material and methods. Mathematical researches were carried out using the graph-analytical method. Results. To reduce the arch height when correcting pes cavus, it is necessary to increase significantly the length of the aponeurosis (up to 25 % of its initial length). To perform this task, a significant tensile force must be applied to the aponeurosis, the value of which depends on the magnitude of a decrease in the arch height. So, to reduce the arch height by 10 mm, it is necessary to lengthen the aponeurosis by 12 mm, for which a constant force of 932 N must be applied to it. To reduce the arch height by 20 mm, the magnitude of the tensile force applied to the aponeurosis must be increased to 1,438 N, which is almost impossible. Therefore, the presence of a shortened aponeurosis is a significant obstacle for the effective correction of pes cavus. Conclusions. Correction of pes cavus requires a significant decrease in the height of its longitudinal arch, which leads to a significant lengthening of the aponeurosis, up to 25 % of its initial length. To ensure an increase in the length of the aponeurosis, the presence of a significant constant tensile force that exceeds 1000 N is necessary. Plantar aponeurosis plays a direct role in supporting the longitudinal arch of the foot, and is one of the causes for the persistence of pes cavus in patients with recurrent CECVD, which does not respond to conservative treatment. To correct cavus foot, in the failure of conservative treatment, it is necessary to lengthen it by surgical intervention (intersection). The value of the angle of the longitudinal arch of the foot of 110° can be chosen as a criterion for choosing a decision in favor of preserving or resection of the aponeurosis.

Role of the plantar fascia in digital stabilization. A case report

1996 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Pontious ◽  
KP Flanigan ◽  
HJ Hillstrom
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Postoperative Complication ◽  
Plantar Fascia ◽  
Plantar Aponeurosis ◽  
Longitudinal Arch ◽  
Ligamentous Structure ◽  
Hammer Toes

The plantar aponeurosis is a ligamentous structure that extends from the calcaneus to the proximal phalanges. Under tension, it functions to support the longitudinal arch, supinate the rearfoot, and stabilize the digits against the ground. The anatomy and biomechanics of the plantar fascia and plantar aponeurosis, particularly their role in digital stabilization, are reviewed. A case is presented showing a patient who developed hammer toes as a postoperative complication after having a portion of the plantar aponeurosis removed.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS CLINICAL CASES WITH DIABETIC FOOT SYNDROME

2021 ◽  
pp. 11-14
Author(s):  
Б.С. ДУЙСЕМБАЕВА ◽  
А.Б. БАЙЖУМА ◽  
Н.Е. АСКАРОВА ◽  
Б. АЛИБЕКОВ ◽  
Ш.Н. КЕРЕЙ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Conservative Treatment ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Diabetic Foot Syndrome ◽  
Foot Deformities ◽  
Complications Of Diabetes ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Clinical Cases

В обзоре рассмотрены вопросы осложнения Сахарного диабета (СД) , как синдром диабетической стопы (СДС). Охарактеризована роль деформаций стоп и инфицирования поврежденных тканей как основных факторов развития СДС. Особое внимание уделено консервативному лечению и исходам хирургического вмешательства, такие как, ампутация и прочие операции. This review deals with complications of diabetes mellitus (DM) as diabetic foot syndrome (DFS). The role of foot deformities and infection of damaged tissues as major factors in the development of DFS is characterized. Particular attention is paid to conservative treatment and surgical maneuver such as amputation and other surgeries.

scholarly journals The rise of the longitudinal arch when sitting, standing, and walking: Contributions of the windlass mechanism

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0249965
Author(s):  
Freddy Sichting ◽  
Florian Ebrecht
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Load ◽  
Metatarsophalangeal Joint ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Bipedal Walking ◽  
Arch Height ◽  
Plantar Aponeurosis ◽  
3D Motion Analysis ◽  
Longitudinal Arch ◽  
Foot Arch ◽  
The Relationship

The original windlass mechanism describes a one-to-one coupling between metatarsal joint dorsiflexion and medial longitudinal arch rise. The description assumes a sufficiently stiff plantar aponeurosis and absence of foot muscle activity. However, recent research calls for a broader interpretation of the windlass mechanism that accounts for an extensible plantar aponeurosis and active foot muscles. In this study, we investigate the rise of the arch in response to toe dorsiflexion when sitting, standing, and walking to discuss the windlass mechanism’s contributions in static and dynamic load scenarios. 3D motion analysis allowed a kinematic investigation of the rise and drop of the arch relative to the extent of toe dorsiflexion. The results suggest that static windlass effects poorly predict the relationship between arch dynamics and metatarsophalangeal joint motion during dynamic load scenarios, such as walking. We were able to show that toe dorsiflexion resulted in an immediate rise of the longitudinal arch during sitting and standing. In contrast, a decrease in arch height was observed during walking, despite toe dorsiflexion at the beginning of the push-off phase. Further, the longitudinal arch rose almost linearly with toe dorsiflexion in the static loading scenarios, while the dynamic load scenario revealed an exponential rise of the arch. In addition to that, the rate of change in arch height relative to toe motion was significantly lower when sitting and standing compared to walking. Finally, and most surprisingly, arch rise was found to correlate with toe dorsiflexion only in the dynamic loading scenario. These results challenge the traditional perspective of the windlass mechanism as the dominating source of foot rigidity for push-off against the ground during bipedal walking. It seems plausible that other mechanisms besides the windlass act to raise the foot arch.

The Role of Conservative Treatment in Blunt Ureteral Trauma: Case Report

1981 ◽  
Vol 146 (7) ◽  
pp. 516-520
Author(s):  
Sung-Won Kim ◽  
Edwin C. Tan ◽  
Elliot L. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Conservative Treatment ◽  
Ureteral Trauma ◽  
Trauma Case

scholarly journals Windlass Mechanism in Individuals With Diabetes Mellitus, Peripheral Neuropathy, and Low Medial Longitudinal Arch Height

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 816-824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith R. Gelber ◽  
David R. Sinacore ◽  
Michael J. Strube ◽  
Michael J. Mueller ◽  
Jeffrey E. Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Medial Longitudinal Arch ◽  
Arch Height ◽  
Longitudinal Arch

scholarly journals The Role of Conservative Treatment in Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 454-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric C. H. Lai ◽  
Wing Cheong Chan ◽  
Tony K. F. Ma ◽  
Alice P. Y. Tang ◽  
Cycles S. P. Poon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conservative Treatment ◽  
Granulomatous Mastitis ◽  
Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis

scholarly journals Does the weakening of intrinsic foot muscles cause the decrease of medial longitudinal arch height?

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 1001-1005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazunori Okamura ◽  
Shusaku Kanai ◽  
Sadaaki Oki ◽  
Satoshi Tanaka ◽  
Naohisa Hirata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medial Longitudinal Arch ◽  
Arch Height ◽  
Longitudinal Arch ◽  
Intrinsic Foot Muscles

scholarly journals Genetics of Autosomal Recessive Spastic Ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay (ARSACS) and Role of Sacsin in Neurodegeneration

2022 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 552
Author(s):  
Jaya Bagaria ◽  
Eva Bagyinszky ◽  
Seong Soo A. An
Keyword(s):  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Autosomal Recessive ◽  
Genetic Mutations ◽  
Compound Heterozygous ◽  
French Canadians ◽  
Pes Cavus ◽  
Spastic Ataxia ◽  
Mitochondrial Functions ◽  
Limb Deformities

Autosomal recessive spastic ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay (ARSACS) is an early-onset neurodegenerative disease that was originally discovered in the population from the Charlevoix-Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean (CSLSJ) region in Quebec. Although the disease progression of ARSACS may start in early childhood, cases with later onset have also been observed. Spasticity and ataxia could be common phenotypes, and retinal optic nerve hypermyelination is detected in the majority of patients. Other symptoms, such as pes cavus, ataxia and limb deformities, are also frequently observed in affected individuals. More than 200 mutations have been discovered in the SACS gene around the world. Besides French Canadians, SACS genetics have been extensively studied in Tunisia or Japan. Recently, emerging studies discovered SACS mutations in several other countries. SACS mutations could be associated with pathogenicity either in the homozygous or compound heterozygous stages. Sacsin has been confirmed to be involved in chaperon activities, controlling the microtubule balance or cell migration. Additionally, sacsin may also play a crucial role in regulating the mitochondrial functions. Through these mechanisms, it may share common mechanisms with other neurodegenerative diseases. Further studies are needed to define the exact functions of sacsin. This review introduces the genetic mutations discovered in the SACS gene and discusses its pathomechanisms and its possible involvement in other neurodegenerative diseases.

scholarly journals ENT trauma in children: causes, frequency and characteristics in different periods of childhood

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 94-101
Author(s):  
E. Yu. Radtsig ◽  
◽  
M. M. Evsikova ◽  
M. A. Varavina ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conservative Treatment ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Traumatic Events ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
External Nose ◽  
Post Traumatic

Numerous injuries (and their treatment) have been encountered since the very beginning of the development of human civilization and remain one of the most significant problems in our time, since the frequency of injuries in general (and of ENT organs in particular) does not tend to decrease either in children or adults. ENT injuries are in fourth place in terms of emergency appeal rates. The most common injury to the maxillofacial area is a fracture of the skeleton of the nose. The article presents data on the frequency of occurrence of this pathology and describes the features of the causes that caused it in different periods of childhood, presents an algorithm for managing patients. The role of homeopathic arnica-containing remedies (Arnigel®) in the conservative treatment of reactive post-traumatic events from the soft tissues of the external nose is shown.

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