scholarly journals The content of antimicrobial peptides in young children  with acute bronchitis depending on the etiological factor

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-12
Author(s):  
G.O. Lezhenko ◽  
O.E. Pashkova ◽  
H.V. Kraynya
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Antimicrobial Peptides ◽  
Acute Bronchitis ◽  
Etiological Factor

Nonvenereal Transmission of Gonococcal Vaginitis

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 144-145
Author(s):  
Hania W. Ris
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Vaginal Discharge ◽  
Etiological Factor ◽  
Etiological Agent ◽  
Prepubertal Girl ◽  
Prepubertal Girls

I read with great interest the timely article by Drs. Auman and Waldenberg, "Gonococcal Periappendicitis and Salpingitis in a Prepubertal Girl" (Pediatrics 58:287, August 1976), which deals with the important problem of Neisseria gonorrhoeae as an etiological factor of vaginitis and its complications in a 5-year-old girl. Vaginal discharge and penile discharge in young children, irrespective of age, should be cultured in appropriate media for N. gonorrhoeae in addition to those for other organisms. According to Kotcher et al.,1 the gonococcus was the only significant bacterial etiological agent in 57 cases of vulvovaginitis in prepubertal girls.

Association between vitamin D, antimicrobial peptides and urinary tract infection in infants and young children

2018 ◽  
Vol 108 (3) ◽  
pp. 551-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Georgieva ◽  
W Kamolvit ◽  
M Herthelius ◽  
P Lüthje ◽  
A Brauner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Antimicrobial Peptides ◽  
Infants And Young Children

scholarly journals Clinical and epidemiological features of acute intestinal infections caused by opportunistic enterobacteria in young children

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Г.А. Харченко ◽  
О.Г. Кимирилова
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Information Sources ◽  
Etiological Factor ◽  
Medical Documentation ◽  
Case Histories ◽  
Moderate Severity ◽  
Epidemiological Features ◽  
Intestinal Infections ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Astrakhan Oblast

Установлены клинико-эпидемиологические особенности острых кишечных инфекций (ОКИ), вызванных условно-патогенными энтеробактериями (УПЭ) у детей раннего возраста, в зависимости от этиологического фактора. Источниками информации являлись данные Управления Роспотребнадзора по Астраханской области (АО), медицинская документация (720 историй болезни) пациентов в возрасте до 1 года, лечившихся в ГБУЗ ОИКБ им. А. М. Ничоги, Астрахань, с января 2019 по декабрь 2020 г. включительно. ОКИ, вызванные УПЭ у детей в АО, составляют 74%, в том числе у детей в возрасте до 1 года – 60% от общего количества больных ОКИ уточненной бактериальной этиологии. Независимо от этиологического фактора ОКИ, вызванные УПЭ, протекали в виде моноинфекции (83%) средней степени тяжести (62%). Симптомы интоксикации имели прямую корреляционную связь (r = от 0,52 до 0,76; p < 0,001) с выраженностью диарейного синдрома и дегидратации. С уменьшением возраста ребенка увеличивалась продолжительность купирования этих симптомов (r = -0,72; p < 0,001). Clinical and epidemiological features of acute intestinal infections (AKI) caused by opportunistic enterobacteria (UPE) in young children, depending on the etiological factor were established. The information sources were the data of Rospotrebnadzor Administration in the Astrakhan oblast (AO), medical documentation (720 case histories) of patients under the age of 1 year treated in GBUZ «Regional clinical infectious hospital named. A. M. Nichogi» Astrakhan from January 2000 through December 2020. AKI caused by UPE in children in AO is 74%, including 60% in children under 1 year of age, of the total number of patients with AKI of specified bacterial etiology. Regardless of the etiological factor, AKI caused by UPE occurred in the form of monoinfection (83%), moderate severity (62%). Symptoms of intoxication had a direct correlation (r = 0,52 to 0,76; p < 0.001) with the severity of diarrheal syndrome and dehydration. With a decrease in the age of the child, the duration of relief of these symptoms increased (r = -0,72; p < 0,001).

scholarly journals Kingella kingaeSurface Polysaccharides Promote Resistance to Neutrophil Phagocytosis and Killing

mBio ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa L. Muñoz ◽  
Eric A. Porsch ◽  
Joseph W. St. Geme
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Antimicrobial Peptides ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Human Neutrophils ◽  
Kingella Kingae ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Polysaccharide Capsule ◽  
Potential Applicability ◽  
Bacterial Exopolysaccharide

ABSTRACTBacterial pathogens have evolved strategies that enable them to evade neutrophil-mediated killing. The Gram-negative coccobacillusKingella kingaeis an emerging pediatric pathogen and is increasingly recognized as a common etiological agent of osteoarticular infections and bacteremia in young children.K. kingaeproduces a polysaccharide capsule and an exopolysaccharide, both of which are important for protection against complement-mediated lysis and are required for full virulence in an infant rat model of infection. In this study, we examined the role of theK. kingaepolysaccharide capsule and exopolysaccharide in protection against neutrophil killing. In experiments with primary human neutrophils, we found that the capsule interfered with the neutrophil oxidative burst response and prevented neutrophil binding ofK. kingaebut had no effect on neutrophil internalization ofK. kingae. In contrast, the exopolysaccharide resisted the bactericidal effects of antimicrobial peptides and efficiently blocked neutrophil phagocytosis ofK. kingae. This work demonstrates that theK. kingaepolysaccharide capsule and exopolysaccharide promote evasion of neutrophil-mediated killing through distinct yet complementary mechanisms, providing additional support for theK. kingaesurface polysaccharides as potential vaccine antigens. In addition, these studies highlight a novel interplay between a bacterial capsule and a bacterial exopolysaccharide and reveal new properties for a bacterial exopolysaccharide, with potential applicability to other bacterial pathogens.IMPORTANCEKingella kingaeis a Gram-negative commensal in the oropharynx and represents a leading cause of joint and bone infections in young children. The mechanisms by whichK. kingaeevades host innate immunity during pathogenesis of disease remain poorly understood. In this study, we established that theK. kingaepolysaccharide capsule and exopolysaccharide function independently to protectK. kingaeagainst reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, neutrophil phagocytosis, and antimicrobial peptides. These results demonstrate the intricacies ofK. kingaeinnate immune evasion and provide valuable information that may facilitate development of a polysaccharide-based vaccine againstK. kingae.

The Modification of Hypernasality in Young Children

1984 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moya L. Andrews ◽  
Sarah J. Tardy ◽  
Lisa G. Pasternak
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Voice Therapy

This paper presents an approach to voice therapy programming for young children who are hypernasal. Some general principles underlying the approach are presented and discussed.

Lexical Comprehension in Young Children With Developmental Delays

1994 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresa A. Kouri
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Developmental Delays ◽  
Normal Development ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Group Status ◽  
Novel Object ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Comprehension Skills ◽  
Lexical Items ◽  
Lexical Concepts

Lexical comprehension skills were examined in 20 young children (aged 28–45 months) with developmental delays (DD) and 20 children (aged 19–34 months) with normal development (ND). Each was assigned to either a story-like script condition or a simple ostensive labeling condition in which the names of three novel object and action items were presented over two experimental sessions. During the experimental sessions, receptive knowledge of the lexical items was assessed through a series of target and generalization probes. Results indicated that all children, irrespective of group status, acquired more lexical concepts in the ostensive labeling condition than in the story narrative condition. Overall, both groups acquired more object than action words, although subjects with ND comprehended more action words than subjects with DD. More target than generalization items were also comprehended by both groups. It is concluded that young children’s comprehension of new lexical concepts is facilitated more by a context in which simple ostensive labels accompany the presentation of specific objects and actions than one in which objects and actions are surrounded by thematic and event-related information. Various clinical applications focusing on the lexical training of young children with DD are discussed.

Eliciting Verbs From Children With Specific Language Impairment

1996 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 17-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane Frome Loeb ◽  
Clifton Pye ◽  
Sean Redmond ◽  
Lori Zobel Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Language Impairment ◽  
Specific Language Impairment ◽  
Syntactic Complexity ◽  
Specific Language ◽  
Lexical Skills

The focus of assessment and intervention is often aimed at increasing the lexical skills of young children with language impairment. Frequently, the use of nouns is the center of the lexical assessment. As a result, the production of verbs is not fully evaluated or integrated into treatment in a way that accounts for their semantic and syntactic complexity. This paper presents a probe for eliciting verbs from children, describes its effectiveness, and discusses the utility of and problems associated with developing such a probe.

Productivity of Emerging Word Combinations in Toddlers With Specific Expressive Language Impairment

1997 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 34-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven H. Long ◽  
Lesley B. Olswang ◽  
Julianne Brian ◽  
Philip S. Dale
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Language Impairment ◽  
Treatment Approach ◽  
Expressive Language ◽  
Semantic Consistency ◽  
Session Analysis

This study investigated whether young children with specific expressive language impairment (SELI) learn to combine words according to general positional rules or specific, grammatic relation rules. The language of 20 children with SELI (4 females, 16 males, mean age of 33 months, mean MLU of 1.34) was sampled weekly for 9 weeks. Sixteen of these children also received treatment for two-word combinations (agent+action or possessor+possession). Two different metrics were used to determine the productivity of combinatorial utterances. One metric assessed productivity based on positional consistency alone; another assessed productivity based on positional and semantic consistency. Data were analyzed session-by-session as well as cumulatively. The results suggest that these children learned to combine words according to grammatic relation rules. Results of the session-by-session analysis were less informative than those of the cumulative analysis. For children with SELI ready to make the transition to multiword utterances, these findings support a cumulative method of data collection and a treatment approach that targets specific grammatic relation rules rather than general word combinations.

Disfluency Characteristics Observed in Young Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Preliminary Report

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura W. Plexico ◽  
Julie E. Cleary ◽  
Ashlynn McAlpine ◽  
Allison M. Plumb
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
Young Children With Autism ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Developmental Stuttering

This descriptive study evaluates the speech disfluencies of 8 verbal children between 3 and 5 years of age with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Speech samples were collected for each child during standardized interactions. Percentage and types of disfluencies observed during speech samples are discussed. Although they did not have a clinical diagnosis of stuttering, all of the young children with ASD in this study produced disfluencies. In addition to stuttering-like disfluencies and other typical disfluencies, the children with ASD also produced atypical disfluencies, which usually are not observed in children with typically developing speech or developmental stuttering. (Yairi & Ambrose, 2005).

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