scholarly journals The effect of a probiotic containing a strain of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG on the level of HbD-2 and LL-37 in the secretion of the upper respiratory tract and respiratory morbidity in children with bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 294-301
Author(s):  
Yu.K. Bolbot ◽  
T.A. Bordii ◽  
Ya.V. Vilenskyi
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Respiratory Morbidity ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus Gg ◽  
Upper Respiratory

scholarly journals The role of human β-defensin 2 (HbD-2) and cathelicidin (LL-37) in the local protection of the upper respiratory tract in children with allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-155
Author(s):  
Yu.K. Bolbot ◽  
T.A. Bordiі ◽  
Ya.V. Vilenskyi
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Antimicrobial Peptides ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Upper Respiratory

Allergic diseases of the respiratory system seriously affect the psychological, physical and social aspects of the live of sick children, morally and financially exhausting members of their families as well. It is known that exacerbations of allergic diseases of the respiratory tract occur due to interaction with numerous triggers, one of which is a respiratory viral infection. At the same time, it is widely known that patients with allergic respiratory diseases are more prone to to acute respiratory infections. One of the reasons for this tendency often is an insufficient activity of non-specific factors of local immunity of the respiratory system – endogenous amphiphilic antimicrobial peptides, in particular the most studied their representatives - the family of defensins and human cathelicidin. Current research proves that these antimicrobial peptides are characterized by broad antiviral, antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activity. The aim of this study was to study the concentrations of local immune factors - human HbD-2 and LL-37 - in the secretion of the mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract in children with asthma and allergic rhinitis and to clarify their role in protection against respiratory viral infections in this contingent of patients. We performed laboratory and clinical examinations of 76 children aged 7 to 18 years, of whom 24 were diagnosed with allergic rhinitis, 28 children - bronchial asthma, and 24 - bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis. The control group consisted of 20 healthy children of the appropriate sex and age. In addition to general clinical methods, patterns of respiratory morbidity were analyzed and concentrations of antimicrobial peptides were determined: by ELISA human cathelicidin (LL-37), β-defensin 2 (HbD-2) in the secretion of the upper respiratory tract, statistical analysis was performed. It was found that children with allergic diseases of the respiratory tract are characterized by a higher frequency of acute respiratory infections with more frequent involvement of the lower respiratory tract, which led to an increase in the duration of the disease compared to their healthy peers. In children with allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma, there was revealed a significant decrease in the concentrations of antimicrobial peptides in the secretion of the upper respiratory tract compared with the control group.

Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG can protect malnourished children

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.S. Kara ◽  
B. Volkan ◽  
I. Erten
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus Gg ◽  
Malnourished Children ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Tract Infections

Malnutrition affects virtually all organ systems, and malnourished children are more prone to infections. These children have dysbiosis, but probiotics can restore the disrupted gut microbiome. We investigated the protective effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG in malnourished children in terms of incidence of infection, and anthropometric and metabolic parameters. 50 intervention and 50 control patients, aged 6 months to 5 years, with body weight and height below -2 SD, were randomly and prospectively recruited. The controls received a calorie and protein-appropriate diet for 3 months, while the study group additionally received approximately 109 L. rhamnosus GG for 3 months. Infection episodes and nutritional status were compared between the groups. 38 intervention, 33 control patients completed the study and the two groups were similar at baseline. The study group had fewer upper respiratory tract infections and gastroenteritis episodes at each month and at the end of the study. Children in the study group experienced fewer total upper respiratory infections and urinary tract infections. Hospitalisation was more frequent in the control group during the third month and at the end of the study. Total infection numbers were higher in the control group at each month and at the end of the study (P<0.001 for each). Increments in body mass index (BMI) and BMI Z-scores were more pronounced in the study group (P=0.008 and P=0.02, respectively). Daily prophylactic use of L. rhamnosus GG at 109 bacteria in malnourished children prevents most infections and improves nutritional status when used together with appropriate diet.

scholarly journals Dry Eye and Dry Nose Caused by the Effect of Allergic Rhinitis on Tear and Nasal Secretion Osmolarity

2020 ◽  
pp. 014556132090848
Author(s):  
Alper Yenigun ◽  
Ahmet Elbay ◽  
Abdullah Ozdem ◽  
Havvanur Bayraktar ◽  
Omer Faruk Ozer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Nasal Secretion ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Healthy Participants

Objective: Allergic rhinitis is a type 1 hypersensitivity reaction of immunoglobulin E in the rhino-ocular mucosa. This study was planned to demonstrate in patients with allergic rhinitis to evaluate changes in tear, nasal secretions, and blood osmolarity compared to healthy individuals. Method: Forty allergic rhinitis patients, 25 patients with acute upper respiratory tract infections, and 26 healthy participants were included in the study. Positive patients with allergic symptoms and skin prick test results were included in the allergic rhinitis group. Tear, nasal secretion, and blood osmolarity values were examined for the 3 groups. Result: In patients with allergic rhinitis, tear and nasal secretion osmolarity values were significantly higher in patients with acute upper respiratory tract infections and those of the healthy participants ( P = .001, P = .038). In blood osmolarity measurements, there was no statistical difference between the groups ( P = .489). In patients with allergic rhinitis, Schirmer test results were significantly shorter than patients who had acute upper respiratory tract infection and those of the healthy participants ( P = .001, P = .001). Patients with allergic rhinitis and acute upper respiratory tract infections had significantly shorter Schirmer test results than in healthy participants ( P = .001, P = .001). Conclusion: Tear osmolarity was increased in allergic rhinitis patients, and this was thought to lead to dry eye findings. In the presence of allergic rhinitis, nasal secretions were found more hyperosmolar than tears. Nasal secretion osmolarity was higher in allergic rhinitis patients than in patients with acute upper respiratory tract infections and control group.

scholarly journals The treatment of allergic rhinitis improves the recovery from asthma and upper respiratory infections

1995 ◽  
Vol 113 (5) ◽  
pp. 968-972 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willy Sarti ◽  
Lídia Alice Gomes-Monteiro ◽  
Claudia Saad Magalhães Machado
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Beclomethasone Dipropionate ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Disodium Cromoglycate ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Asthmatic Children ◽  
Upper Respiratory Infections ◽  
Upper Respiratory

Forty-six asthmatic children with repeated respiratory infections presented symptoms of allergic rhinitis. All patients were treated locally for allergic rhinitis either with disodium cromoglycate or beclomethasone dipropionate. After six months of treatment, 95% of the children showed improvement of allergic rhinitis and 84% improvement of bronchial asthma, as well as fewer infections. We concluded that allergic rhinitis plays an important role in facilitating infections of the upper respiratory tract, and a possible association of rhinitis, viral infections and bronchial asthma is discussed.

COMORBID PATHOLOGY OF UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT IN CHILDREN WITH ATOPIC BRONCHIAL ASTHMA

2018 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 69-77
Author(s):  
S. V. Krasil’nikova ◽  
◽  
T. I. Eliseeva ◽  
A. V. Shakhov ◽  
I. I. Balabolkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Atopic Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Upper Respiratory

The Burden and Visit Prevalence of Pediatric Chronic Rhinosinusitis

2017 ◽  
Vol 157 (6) ◽  
pp. 1048-1052 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sapideh Gilani ◽  
Jennifer J. Shin
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Acute Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Upper Respiratory

Objectives Pediatric chronic rhinosinusitis has a substantial impact, but its epidemiology has yet to be elucidated. Our objectives were (1) to determine the associated national visit burden and (2) to assess its frequency relative to other frequent childhood otolaryngological illnesses. Study Design Analysis of national survey databases. Setting Ambulatory care settings in the United States, 2005 to 2012. Subjects and Methods Cases with a diagnosis of chronic rhinosinusitis were assessed in total and as a proportion of all visits reported in National Ambulatory Medical Care Surveys. To place these data into context, results for acute rhinosinusitis, allergic rhinitis, upper respiratory tract infection, and otitis media were also extracted and compared. Data specific to individual age group and calendar year were assessed. Results Chronic rhinosinusitis accounted for 5.6 million visits per annum (range, 3.7-7.5 million) among patients 0 to 20 years of age. Children in the >5- to 10-year-old and >10- to 15-year-old age groups were more likely to be affected ( P < .001). Among all visits, chronic rhinosinusitis was diagnosed in 2.1% (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.9%-2.4%), acute rhinosinusitis in 0.6% (95% CI, 0.5%-0.7%), allergic rhinitis in 2.6% (95% CI, 2.3%-2.8%), upper respiratory tract infection in 8.0% (95% CI, 7.5%-8.4%), and otitis media in 6.7% (95% CI, 6.5%-7.1%). Chronic rhinosinusitis visits were significantly more prevalent than for acute rhinosinusitis (relative risk, 3.40; 95% CI, 2.70-4.10; P < .0001). Among those >15 to 20 years of age, chronic rhinosinusitis was 2.18-fold (95% CI, 1.65-2.70) more frequently diagnosed than otitis media. Conclusions The visit burden from pediatric chronic rhinosinusitis exceeds that of acute rhinosinusitis and equals the burden from allergic rhinitis.

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