scholarly journals The role of human β-defensin 2 (HbD-2) and cathelicidin (LL-37) in the local protection of the upper respiratory tract in children with allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-155
Author(s):  
Yu.K. Bolbot ◽  
T.A. Bordiі ◽  
Ya.V. Vilenskyi
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Antimicrobial Peptides ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Upper Respiratory

Allergic diseases of the respiratory system seriously affect the psychological, physical and social aspects of the live of sick children, morally and financially exhausting members of their families as well. It is known that exacerbations of allergic diseases of the respiratory tract occur due to interaction with numerous triggers, one of which is a respiratory viral infection. At the same time, it is widely known that patients with allergic respiratory diseases are more prone to to acute respiratory infections. One of the reasons for this tendency often is an insufficient activity of non-specific factors of local immunity of the respiratory system – endogenous amphiphilic antimicrobial peptides, in particular the most studied their representatives - the family of defensins and human cathelicidin. Current research proves that these antimicrobial peptides are characterized by broad antiviral, antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activity. The aim of this study was to study the concentrations of local immune factors - human HbD-2 and LL-37 - in the secretion of the mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract in children with asthma and allergic rhinitis and to clarify their role in protection against respiratory viral infections in this contingent of patients. We performed laboratory and clinical examinations of 76 children aged 7 to 18 years, of whom 24 were diagnosed with allergic rhinitis, 28 children - bronchial asthma, and 24 - bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis. The control group consisted of 20 healthy children of the appropriate sex and age. In addition to general clinical methods, patterns of respiratory morbidity were analyzed and concentrations of antimicrobial peptides were determined: by ELISA human cathelicidin (LL-37), β-defensin 2 (HbD-2) in the secretion of the upper respiratory tract, statistical analysis was performed. It was found that children with allergic diseases of the respiratory tract are characterized by a higher frequency of acute respiratory infections with more frequent involvement of the lower respiratory tract, which led to an increase in the duration of the disease compared to their healthy peers. In children with allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma, there was revealed a significant decrease in the concentrations of antimicrobial peptides in the secretion of the upper respiratory tract compared with the control group.

scholarly journals The treatment of allergic rhinitis improves the recovery from asthma and upper respiratory infections

1995 ◽  
Vol 113 (5) ◽  
pp. 968-972 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willy Sarti ◽  
Lídia Alice Gomes-Monteiro ◽  
Claudia Saad Magalhães Machado
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Beclomethasone Dipropionate ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Disodium Cromoglycate ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Asthmatic Children ◽  
Upper Respiratory Infections ◽  
Upper Respiratory

Forty-six asthmatic children with repeated respiratory infections presented symptoms of allergic rhinitis. All patients were treated locally for allergic rhinitis either with disodium cromoglycate or beclomethasone dipropionate. After six months of treatment, 95% of the children showed improvement of allergic rhinitis and 84% improvement of bronchial asthma, as well as fewer infections. We concluded that allergic rhinitis plays an important role in facilitating infections of the upper respiratory tract, and a possible association of rhinitis, viral infections and bronchial asthma is discussed.

scholarly journals Features of formation of the military personnel’s morbidity of acute respiratory infections of the upper respiratory tract

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 87-92
Author(s):  
A. E. Zobov ◽  
A. A. Panov ◽  
A. A. Kuzin ◽  
A. A. Kucherov ◽  
S. N. Nikishov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Epidemiological Analysis ◽  
Psychological Study ◽  
Military Medical Academy ◽  
Upper Respiratory

The article sets out the views on the causes of the incidence of various categories of military personnel with acute respiratory infections of the upper respiratory tract (hereinafter – ARI URT), as having the greatest military and epidemiological significance for almost all military contingents.According to the results of a study of literature data, two groups of reasons for the formation of the incidence of acute respiratory infections of the airborne diseases are identified: external (associated with the exposure of military personnel to specific factors of military service) and internal (associated with the characteristics of individual susceptibility to this group of infections).Based on the results of a retrospective epidemiological analysis of the incidence of military servicemen on conscription, the development features of the epidemic process of ARI URT in military units and compounds are shown.According to the results of a retrospective epidemiological analysis of the incidence rate of cadets at the S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy for 2011-2017 and a comparative analysis of the reversal rate for completed cases, the presence and relatively stable proportion of military personnel exposed to frequent ARI diseases of the airborne diseases throughout the entire 6-year period has been shown period of study.The results of a combined socio-psychological study in groups of often and rarely ill cadets are shown, showing individual signs and psychological characteristics, according to which individual military personnel can be assigned to the risk contingents of increased susceptibility to ARI URT for the purpose of organizing personalized sanitary-antipyretic (preventive) measures.

scholarly journals Choice of therapy for coughing (spiral development)

2019 ◽  
pp. 60-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. M. Deliagin
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
General Condition ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Herbal Preparations ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Choice Of Therapy

Acute respiratory infections – the most common diseases in childhood, accompanied by cough. Treatment of cough is determined by the disease, the nature of sputum, the the general condition of the patient. The choice can be considered justified, depending on these conditions, herbal preparations or preparations of allo-medicine, their combination. In respiratory infections of the upper respiratory tract, it is possible to use eucaball, the active components of which are thyme and plantain. For infections of the lower respiratory tract with a viscous difficult-to-expelled sputum, Espa-nac (acetylcysteine) is indicated.

Tonsillopharyngitis 1994

1994 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 185-191
Author(s):  
Floyd W. Denny
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Tract Infections

Acute infections of the upper respiratory tract, including those of the tonsils and pharynx, are the most common affliction of humans; their tendency to occur with much greater frequency in children makes them especially important to the pediatrician. A host of microbial agents can cause these infections, but only a few are responsive to antimicrobial agents. Because of the paucity of definitive laboratory tools that allow easy recognition of the cause of most acute respiratory infections, it is important for the practicing pediatrician to have other methods to aid in the clinical management of children who have these infections. This review will discuss the etiology and epidemiology of acute respiratory infections that involve primarily the tonsils and pharynx, with emphasis on how this knowledge can guide clinicians in their management. The groundwork for this approach will be laid by suggesting a classification of upper respiratory tract infections that involve the tonsils and pharynx. Causative agents will be enumerated and put into perspective. The major factors associated with the occurrence of acute upper respiratory tract infections will be discussed. Finally, treatment of the patient who has tonsillopharyngitis will be presented. Uncomplicated acute tonsillopharyngitis will be emphasized primarily and the role of complications only mentioned.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF EMERGING MORBIDITY PATTERN FOR VARIOUS CATEGORIES OF MILITARY PERSONNEL WITH ACUTE RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS OF THE UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Panov ◽  
A. Zobov ◽  
A. Kuzin ◽  
A. Kucherov ◽  
S. Nikishov
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Military Medical Academy ◽  
Medical Academy ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
The Military

Here we provide insights into conditions behind developing morbidity pattern in various categories of military personnel (a call-up for military service in military units and compounds, as well as cadets in military educational organizations of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation) with acute respiratory infections of the upper respiratory tract, having the greatest military-epidemiological importance for almost all military contingents.After investigating literary data, two groups of conditions for emerging disease patterns of acute respiratory infections of the upper respiratory tract have been identified: external (related to the impact of specific factors of military service on military personnel) and internal (related to the peculiarities of individual susceptibility to infections). Based on the results of the retrospective epidemiological analysis on incidence of acute respiratory infections of the upper respiratory tract, the peculiarities of the course of the epidemic process for infectious diseases among military personnel performing military service on conscription in military units and compounds, as well as in the Military Medical Academy named after S.M.Kirov for in the years 2011-2017 are shown. It is shown that the intra-annual dynamics of morbidity (according to the average monthly indicators) was uneven and formed two clearly shaped seasonal rises, significantly exceeding the upper limit of the year-round morbidity. At the same time, differences in the organization of educational and performance activities of different categories of military personnel have been identified, which have different effects on shaping morbidity. According to the 2011-2017 results of retrospective epidemiological analysis of personalized morbidity for cadets of the Military Medical Academy named after S.M.Kirov and comparative attendance analysis on revealed cases, the presence and relatively stable portion of military personnel who were more likely to have acute respiratory infections of the upper respiratory tract during entire 6-year training period is shown.Based on the results of the analysis of the calculated average annual incidence of diseases with acute respiratory infections of the upper respiratory tract, it was established that the distribution of cadets within the examined faculties of the S.M.Kirov Military Medical Academy was uneven in accordance with the four selected groups on the average annual disease incidence. There were highlighted cadets often sick and rarely acute respiratory infections of the upper respiratory tract. The results of the combined socio-psychological study in groups of frequent and rare sick cadets are presented, showing individual signs and behavioural features, according to which individual soldiers can be classified as contingents of increased susceptibility risk to acute respiratory infections of the upper respiratory tract for organizing personalized sanitary and anti-epidemic (preventive) measures.

scholarly journals HIERARCHIC STRUCTURE OF NASOPHARYNX MICROBIOTIC COMMUNITY IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE RESPIRATORY INFECTION

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.I. Klymniuk ◽  
L.B. Romaniuk ◽  
O.V. Pokryshko ◽  
M.M. Savchuk ◽  
N.I. Tkachuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Nasal Mucosa ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Hierarchic Structure ◽  
Upper Respiratory

<p><em>The results of the study of microbiota of nasal mucosa of patients with acute respiratory infections and acute upper respiratory tract pathology are presented. It is revealed that the microbe variety of the nose and nasopharynx forms associations of staphylococci, streptococci, Neisseria, Moraxella, hemophilic bacteria, sometimes Enterobacteriacea and Pseudomonadaceae, mostly of streptococci and staphylococci. Populations of organisms differ in their levels of colonization. The highest values were characteristic for streptococcal community – 7,88 lg CFU/ml. </em></p>

ОЦЕНКА ЦИТОКИНОВОГО ПРОФИЛЯ СЫВОРОТКИ КРОВИ И СУБПОПУЛЯЦИЙ Т-ЛИМФОЦИТОВ У ДЕТЕЙ С АЛЛЕРГИЧЕСКИМИ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯМИ ОРГАНОВ ДЫХАНИЯ

2019 ◽  
pp. 52-60
Author(s):  
E.V. Prosekova ◽  
A.I. Turyanskaya ◽  
N.G. Plekhova ◽  
M.S. Dolgopolov ◽  
V.A. Sabynych
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Allergic Inflammation ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Serum Cytokine ◽  
Immunological Parameters ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Level Of Significance

Расширение спектра изучаемых клонов Тхелперов определило более сложные иммунные механизмы реализации аллергического воспаления. Цель. Характеристика показателей и взаимосвязей цитокинового профиля сыворотки и субпопуляционного состава Тлимфоцитов периферической крови у детей с бронхиальной астмой и аллергическим ринитом. Материалы и методы. Проведено комплексное обследование 150 детей в возрасте 311 лет с верифицированным диагнозом бронхиальной астмы, аллергического ринита и 30 здоровых сверстников. Иммунологические параметры крови оценивали методом проточной цитометрии, концентрации интерлейкинов и IgE в сыворотке крови определяли методом твердофазного иммуноферментного анализа. При статистической обработке использовали программы Statistica 10 с критическим уровнем значимости р0,05. Результаты. У детей с аллергическими заболеваниями в сыворотке крови определены высокие уровни содержания интерлейкинов4, 8, 13, 17А, сопоставимый с показателями группы контроля уровень IL17F и низкое содержание IFNy. При бронхиальной астме и аллергическом рините у детей выявлено увеличение количества CD3CD8CD45RO, CD3CD8CD45RACD45RO Тлимфоцитов и CD3CD4 Тхелперов и повышение количество Th17 при снижении CD3CD4CD45RO клеток памяти. В группе здоровых детей популяция Th17 составляла 9,491,6, у детей с аллергическими заболеваниями количество данных клеток было значимо выше 14,50,77 (р0,001). Анализ сывороточного содержания цитокинов у детей с изолированным течением БА и в сочетании с аллергическим ринитом выявил разнонаправленные корреляции, отличающиеся по силе и направленности от таковых в группе здоровых детей. Заключение. У детей при изолированном течении бронхиальной астмы и в сочетании с аллергическим ринитом выявлены: сопоставимое с показателями здоровых детей количество CD3CD4 Тклеток, дисбаланс в субпопуляционном составе Тхелперов за счет преобладания Th2 и Th17, активация синтеза IL17A, IL4, IL8, IL13, низкий уровень сывороточного IFNy, изменения силы и направленности взаимосвязей цитокинового профиля и спектра субпопуляций Тлимфоцитов.Expansion of the range of examined Thelper clones has determined more complex immune mechanisms for the implementation of allergic inflammation. Objective. To characterize the parameters and relationships between the serum cytokine profile and Tlymphocyte subpopulation in peripheral blood of children with bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis. Materials and methods. 150 children aged between 311 years old with bronchial asthma, and allergic rhinitis and 30 healthy volunteers were examined. Immunological parameters were assessed by flow cytometry, the concentration of serum interleukins and IgE were determined by means of enzymelinked immunosorbent assay. Statistical analysis was performed with Statistica 10 program with a critical level of significance p0.05. Results. High levels of interleukins 4, 8, 13, 17A were determined, IL7F level was not significantly different from that in control group and low level of IFNy was found in the serum of children with allergic diseases. The number of CD3CD8CD45RO, CD3CD8CD45RACD45RO Tlymphocytes, CD3CD4 Thelper cells and Th17 were increased and at the same time CD3CD4CD45RO memory cells were decreased In bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis children. Number of Th17 cells in healthy children was 9.491.6, in allergic children it was significantly higher 14.50.77 (p0.001). Analyses of serum cytokine count in children with isolated BA and in association with allergic rhinitis revealed multidirectional correlations differing in strength and direction from those in the group of healthy children. Conclusion. In children with isolated bronchial asthma and associated with allergic rhinitis the following parameters were found: CD3CD4 Tcells count was comparable to that in healthy children, the imbalance of Thelper subpopulation: prevalence of Th2 and Th17, activation of IL17A, IL4, IL8, IL13 synthesis and low level of serum IFNy.

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