Pathogenetic mechanisms of sensorineural hearing loss in patients with COVID-19 and methods for their correction

The article describes the main pathogenetic mechanisms of acute sensorineural hearing loss, including that caused by infection. Possible risk factors and mechanisms of development of sensorineural hearing loss against the background of coronavirus infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus are consi-dered. Cases of hearing loss in patients with COVID-19 have been described. The pathogenetically substantiated therapeutic approach to the treatment of such patients is presented, it is based on the optimization of acetylcholine neurotransmission in the brain structures involved in the conduction and perception of the auditory impulse.

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The Value of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Predicting Hearing Recovery of Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss

Korean Journal of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery ◽

10.3342/kjorl-hns.2016.59.7.495 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 59 (7) ◽

pp. 495 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Yong Jun Choi ◽

Sung Ho Gong ◽

Se In Choi ◽

Gun Hee Yu ◽

Yun-Sung Lim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Hearing Loss ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽

Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽

Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽

Sensorineural Hearing ◽

Hearing Recovery

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Causes and Types of Sensorineural Hearing Loss. Clinical Manifestations and Basic Principles of Treatment

Spravočnik vrača obŝej praktiki (Journal of Family Medicine) ◽

10.33920/med-10-2009-01 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 9-16

Author(s):

Sergey Armakov

Keyword(s):

Hearing Loss ◽

Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽

Inner Ear ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Sensorineural Hearing ◽

Doppler Imaging ◽

Comprehensive Treatment ◽

Impaired Hearing ◽

Temporal Bones ◽

The Brain

Sensorineural hearing loss is a disorder associated with the damage to the inner ear structures: the cochlea (cortical organ), dysfunctioning of the vestibule-cochlear nerve or the central part of the auditory analyser (brain stem and cortical representation of the cortical temporal lobe). In recent years, there has been a steady increase in ensorineural hearing loss patients; they account for ca. 70% among the total patients with impaired hearing. The disease has numerous causes and a complex pathogenesis. Among the main factors contributing to hearing loss are genetic predisposition, perinatal pathology, including hypoxia at childbirth, exposure to infectious and toxic agents and metabolic disorders, injuries (mechanical, acoustic and altitude trauma). Vascular-rheological disorders in the vertebro-basilar system play an important part because blood is supplied to the inner ear from the anterior inferior cerebellar artery. There are sudden, acute and chronic sensorineural hearing loss. The ensorineural hearing loss isdiagnosed by examinations that allow to verify the diagnosis and to determine the sound analyser damage level. This complex includes audiometric examinations, including the tuning fork examination, speech audiometry, and acoustic impedancemetry. If necessary, ultrasound Doppler imaging of the main blood vessels of the brain, computed tomography of the temporal bones, and MRI of the brain are prescribed. The pattern of comprehensive treatment should include, first of all, the elimination of the disease cause and anti-hypoxic drugs, anti-oxidants and a number of physiotherapy procedures.

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Cisplatin Ototoxicity: Examination of the Impact of Dosing, Infusion Times, and Schedules In Pediatric Cancer Patients

Frontiers in Oncology ◽

10.3389/fonc.2021.673080 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Miranda L. Camet ◽

Anne Spence ◽

Susan S. Hayashi ◽

Ningying Wu ◽

Jennifer Henry ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Hearing Loss ◽

Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽

Model Building ◽

Significant Risk ◽

The Body ◽

Sensorineural Hearing ◽

Cycle Number ◽

Pediatric Cancer Patients ◽

The Impact

BackgroundSensorineural hearing loss is a well-known side effect of cisplatin (CDDP). There is limited research on the effect of dosing, infusion times, and schedules of cisplatin administration and their impact on hearing loss.MethodsA retrospective review of 993 pediatric patients’ medical and audiological charts from August 1990 to March 2015 was conducted using stringent inclusion criteria to characterize patients with hearing loss. 248 of these patients received CDDP. Of these, 216 patients had sufficient CDDP infusion data to assess for sensorineural hearing loss attributable to CDDP and its associated risk factors. Chart reviews were performed to extract clinical data including CDDP dosing information. Demographic and clinical characteristics were summarized by descriptive statistics, and univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were performed to examine the relationship between hearing loss and specific parameters of cisplatin administration (amount infused per dose, prescribed infusion time, total number of doses, number of doses per cycle, number of cycles, cumulative cisplatin exposure). Stepwise variable selection procedure was performed in the multivariate model building to extract the best subset of risk factors for the prediction of hearing loss and worsening ototoxicity grade using an established ototoxicity grading scale from the International Society of Pediatric Oncology (SIOP).ResultsA total of 153 patients with complete medical and audiologic data were evaluable for analysis. Hearing loss was identified in 72.6% of the patients. Multivariate analysis revealed that age [OR=0.90 (0.84-0.97), p-value=0.0086], radiation to any part of the body, [OR=3.20 (1.29-7.93), p-value=0.012], amount infused per dose (mg/m2) [OR=1.018 (1.002-1.033), p-value=0.029], and cumulative cisplatin exposure (mg/m 2) [OR=1.004 (1-1.008), p-value=0.027] were associated with hearing loss. Similar associations were also found between these risk factors and worsening SIOP grade.ConclusionIn one of the largest studies examining the influence of CDDP dosing and schedules on hearing loss, we found the amount of CDDP infused per dose is a significant risk factor. Considerations in designing regimens that reduce the amount of CDDP infused per dose may reduce the risk of hearing loss. Randomized prospective trials are needed.

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