scholarly journals Comparison of Coal Reserve Estimation Methods, Case Study PT. Bukit Asam Area, South Sumatra, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Taufiq Muhammad Wijayanto ◽  
Wahyu Wilopo ◽  
I Gde Budi Indrawan ◽  
Sunarko Sunarko
Keyword(s):  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Coal Extraction ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Coal Reserve ◽  
Reserve Estimation ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Distance Weighted ◽  
Coal Reserves ◽  
Inverse Distance

The calculation of coal reserves is influenced by the dimensions or size of the coal deposit. There are several types of coal reserve calculation methods, and the use of these methods is adjusted to existing geological conditions. Each method will produce a different amount of coal reserves, although the location is the same. Besides, the amount of coal mining that can be produced is primarily determined by the mine design, especially the optimal slope as a basis for mining pits in the coal extraction. This research aims to estimate coal reserves based on existing pit designs using a variety of methods. Data on coal thickness and topography are used as the basis for reserves estimation. Coal reserve estimation is conducted in several methods: nearest neighbor point (NNP), inverse distance weighted (IDW), and kriging using Surfer 13 software. The results of the reserves estimation indicate that kriging is the best method by providing the smallest error value with an RMSE value of 0.67 and coal reserves of 27,801,543 tons.

scholarly journals Resources Estimation on further Exploration activities in PT. Trimegah Bangun Persada (Harita Group) Kawasi Village, South Halmahera District, North Maluku

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-41
Author(s):  
Simela Talaohu
Keyword(s):  
Ordinary Kriging ◽  
Statistical Approach ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
The North ◽  
North Part ◽  
Block Area ◽  
Inverse Distance ◽  
Space Distance ◽  
Exploration Activity

PT. Trimegah Bangun Persada intends to do mining activity at the north part of IUP as the south and west parts have already been mined. This research aimed at producing natural resources of laterite nickel in the advanced exploration activity of Tangkuban Block. Besides, it also compared and determined the estimation methods having a good correlation with drilling results. Tangkuban Block carried out core drilling within total drill numbers of 286 spots and space distance 25 meters at the block area 22.16 Ha. This research began with determining the geological domain consisting of limonite, saprolite, and bedrock through a geo-statistical approach. After that, the researcher estimated nickel resources by three methods namely ordinary kriging, inverse distance weight, and nearest neighbor point. The result of estimation by ordinary kriging obtained a total volume of limonite layer 1,345,313 m3 with the content average of 1%, while the total volume of saprolite layer was 1,850,000 m3 1.64%.

scholarly journals Dragline Stripping Method Review to Maximize Productivity and Coal Recovery at Major Fault Zone - A Case Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shishir Gupta ◽  
Rahul Kumar ◽  
Umesh Mahato ◽  
Russell Conley
Keyword(s):  
Mine Planning ◽  
Coal Extraction ◽  
Machine Performance ◽  
Coal Recovery ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Major Fault ◽  
Optimum Plan ◽  
Problematic Area ◽  
Engineering Constraints

Abstract Strategic mine planning is substantial to ensure maximum coal recovery across severely faulted geological conditions with predicted below water table excavation. An optimum plan would improve multiple engineering constraints to deliver high recovery with safety and best possible efficiency of machineries deployed at the problematic area. One such case is of Southern pit at Sasan coal mine, India with fault throw varying from 3m to 40m through a series of parallel merging faults located closely within strike length of 800m. It has challenged the mine for better coal recovery, machine performance and scheduled pit progression over recent corner strips. This paper describes how the mine has overcome complexities of operating in the fault area with localised consistent water seepage. It discusses new pre-strip parameters adopted to enhance dragline productivity, preparation of stable dragline operating bench under given bottom wet overburden conditions, and coal extraction plan which has been incorporated together with dragline stripping plan to improve recovery at the area of study. Several aspects of process have been highlighted during implementation, such as requirement of early dewatering setup for dragline low-wall stability and coal roof cleaning.

scholarly journals Relationship between pit slope design and coal reserve estimation in Pit X, Muara Enim, South Sumatra Province

2020 ◽  
Vol 200 ◽  
pp. 02021
Author(s):  
Taufiq Muhammad Wijayanto ◽  
Wahyu Wilopo ◽  
I Gede Budi Indrawan ◽  
Sunarko
Keyword(s):  
Slope Stability ◽  
Safety Factor ◽  
Slope Angle ◽  
Mine Planning ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Coal Extraction ◽  
Reserve Estimation ◽  
Coal Reserves ◽  
Mine Plan ◽  
Slope Design

Mine planning is an important part of mining activity. Improper mine plan will increase production costs, non-optimal extraction of mines and safety factors that do not meet the standard. One of the most important aspects before undertaking mine plan is determining the optimal slope design as a basis for making mine pits for coal extraction. This study aims to estimate the maximum reserves that can be taken from the mine pit by taking account of the safety factor of the pit slope design. The study was conducted using drill log data and rock engineering characteristics. Analysis of slope stability is done using the Rocscience Slide V.6 software while coal reserves estimation is done using Minescape V.5.2. Slope stability analysis is modeled with several scenarios of slope angles until a single optimal slope angle is obtained, with the value of the slope safety factor that meets the safety criteria. The results showed that the maximum single slope angle in a safe pit was 52° with a safety factor of 1.266, while the coal reserves obtained with the said slope angle are 29, 965, 008 tons.

Biorefinery implementation for recovery debottlenecking at existing pulp mills- Part II: Techno-economic evaluation

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 17-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
HAKIM GHEZZAZ ◽  
LUC PELLETIER ◽  
PAUL R. STUART
Keyword(s):  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Black Liquor ◽  
Pulp Mill ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Precipitation Process

The evaluation and process risk assessment of (a) lignin precipitation from black liquor, and (b) the near-neutral hemicellulose pre-extraction for recovery boiler debottlenecking in an existing pulp mill is presented in Part I of this paper, which was published in the July 2012 issue of TAPPI Journal. In Part II, the economic assessment of the two biorefinery process options is presented and interpreted. A mill process model was developed using WinGEMS software and used for calculating the mass and energy balances. Investment costs, operating costs, and profitability of the two biorefinery options have been calculated using standard cost estimation methods. The results show that the two biorefinery options are profitable for the case study mill and effective at process debottlenecking. The after-tax internal rate of return (IRR) of the lignin precipitation process option was estimated to be 95%, while that of the hemicellulose pre-extraction process option was 28%. Sensitivity analysis showed that the after tax-IRR of the lignin precipitation process remains higher than that of the hemicellulose pre-extraction process option, for all changes in the selected sensitivity parameters. If we consider the after-tax IRR, as well as capital cost, as selection criteria, the results show that for the case study mill, the lignin precipitation process is more promising than the near-neutral hemicellulose pre-extraction process. However, the comparison between the two biorefinery options should include long-term evaluation criteria. The potential of high value-added products that could be produced from lignin in the case of the lignin precipitation process, or from ethanol and acetic acid in the case of the hemicellulose pre-extraction process, should also be considered in the selection of the most promising process option.

scholarly journals The influence of distance weight on the inverse distance weighted method for ore-grade estimation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhan-Ning Liu ◽  
Xiao-Yan Yu ◽  
Li-Feng Jia ◽  
Yuan-Sheng Wang ◽  
Yu-Chen Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Estimation Accuracy ◽  
Block Model ◽  
Minkowski Distance ◽  
Inverse Distance Weighted ◽  
Grade Estimation ◽  
M 10 ◽  
Weight Calculation ◽  
Distance Weighted ◽  
Inverse Distance ◽  
Ore Grade

AbstractIn order to study the influence of distance weight on ore-grade estimation, the inverse distance weighted (IDW) is used to estimate the Ni grade and MgO grade of serpentinite ore based on a three-dimensional ore body model and related block models. Manhattan distance, Euclidean distance, Chebyshev distance, and multiple forms of the Minkowski distance are used to calculate distance weight of IDW. Results show that using the Minkowski distance for the distance weight calculation is feasible. The law of the estimated results along with the distance weight is given. The study expands the distance weight calculation method in the IDW method, and a new method for improving estimation accuracy is given. Researchers can choose different weight calculation methods according to their needs. In this study, the estimated effect is best when the power of the Minkowski distance is 3 for a 10 m × 10 m × 10 m block model. For a 20 m × 20 m × 20 m block model, the estimated effect is best when the power of the Minkowski distance is 9.

scholarly journals Assessing the Relation between Mud Components and Rheology for Loss Circulation Prevention Using Polymeric Gels: A Machine Learning Approach

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1377
Author(s):  
Musaab I. Magzoub ◽  
Raj Kiran ◽  
Saeed Salehi ◽  
Ibnelwaleed A. Hussein ◽  
Mustafa S. Nasser
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Gradient Boosting ◽  
K Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Machine Learning Approach ◽  
Drilling Operations

The traditional way to mitigate loss circulation in drilling operations is to use preventative and curative materials. However, it is difficult to quantify the amount of materials from every possible combination to produce customized rheological properties. In this study, machine learning (ML) is used to develop a framework to identify material composition for loss circulation applications based on the desired rheological characteristics. The relation between the rheological properties and the mud components for polyacrylamide/polyethyleneimine (PAM/PEI)-based mud is assessed experimentally. Four different ML algorithms were implemented to model the rheological data for various mud components at different concentrations and testing conditions. These four algorithms include (a) k-Nearest Neighbor, (b) Random Forest, (c) Gradient Boosting, and (d) AdaBoosting. The Gradient Boosting model showed the highest accuracy (91 and 74% for plastic and apparent viscosity, respectively), which can be further used for hydraulic calculations. Overall, the experimental study presented in this paper, together with the proposed ML-based framework, adds valuable information to the design of PAM/PEI-based mud. The ML models allowed a wide range of rheology assessments for various drilling fluid formulations with a mean accuracy of up to 91%. The case study has shown that with the appropriate combination of materials, reasonable rheological properties could be achieved to prevent loss circulation by managing the equivalent circulating density (ECD).

scholarly journals Comparison between electrical resistivity tomography and tunnel seismic prediction 303 methods for detecting the water zone ahead of the tunnel face: A case study

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1094-1104
Author(s):  
Nima Dastanboo ◽  
Xiao-Qing Li ◽  
Hamed Gharibdoost
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Electrical Resistivity Tomography ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Rock Properties ◽  
Electrical Tomography ◽  
Tunnel Face ◽  
Resistivity Tomography ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Seismic Prediction

AbstractIn deep tunnels with hydro-geological conditions, it is paramount to investigate the geological structure of the region before excavating a tunnel; otherwise, unanticipated accidents may cause serious damage and delay the project. The purpose of this study is to investigate the geological properties ahead of a tunnel face using electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and tunnel seismic prediction (TSP) methods. During construction of the Nosoud Tunnel located in western Iran, ERT and TSP 303 methods were employed to predict geological conditions ahead of the tunnel face. In this article, the results of applying these methods are discussed. In this case, we have compared the results of the ERT method with those of the TSP 303 method. This work utilizes seismic methods and electrical tomography as two geophysical techniques are able to detect rock properties ahead of a tunnel face. This study shows that although the results of these two methods are in good agreement with each other, the results of TSP 303 are more accurate and higher quality. Also, we believe that using another geophysical method, in addition to TSP 303, could be helpful in making decisions in support of excavation, especially in complicated geological conditions.

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