scholarly journals Does Deeper Involvement in Lexical Input Processing during Reading Tasks Lead to Enhanced Incidental Vocabulary Gain?

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 406
Author(s):  
Patricia Kolaiti ◽  
Panagiota Raikou
Keyword(s):  
Vocabulary Retention ◽  
Search Tasks ◽  
Input Processing ◽  
Study Support ◽  
Involvement Load ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Reading Activity ◽  
Reading Activities ◽  
Group 1

<p><em>This paper investigates whether increased learner involvement in search tasks during reading activities results in differential vocabulary acquisition in an incidental setting in line with Hulstijn and Laufer’s (2001) Involvement Load Hypothesis. We designed and conducted an experiment with two groups of advanced</em> <em>Greek learners of English, an online dictionary-search group (Group 1) and a non-search group (Group 2) with the aim to test whether increased learner involvement in search tasks results in differential vocabulary retention. During a reading activity, participants of Group 1 were asked to find the meanings of 10 target words involved in the reading activity by using the online Google-dictionary and also find and write down a sentence relevant to the meaning of each target word. These two tasks were designed with the aim to activate the involvement factor “search” in line with Hulstijn and Laufer’s (2001) three-factor Involvement Load construct. During the same reading activity, participants in Group 2 were simply given the meanings of the 10 target items on a separate sheet of paper (glossary). The experiment was conducted in two stages with one week’s distance between them involving an immediate and a delayed vocabulary test aimed to assess short-term and long-term vocabulary retention respectively. The results of our study support the increased learner involvement hypothesis, as the dictionary-search group outperformed the non-search group in both tests.</em></p>

Attitude of the Canine in Secondary Bone-Grafted and Nongrafted Patients with Cleft Lip and Palate

2005 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 679-686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enkhtuvshin Gereltzul ◽  
Yoshiyuki Baba ◽  
Kimie Ohyama
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Panoramic Radiography ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
And Control ◽  
Group 1

Objective To investigate the eruption pattern of the cleft-side canine regarding its pre-eruption position relative to the cleft in bone-grafted (BG) and nongrafted (NonBG) patients with cleft lip and palate. Methods Fifty-three patients with cleft lip and palate (21 BG, 32 NonBG) were examined by panoramic radiography and posteroanterior cephalography taken before and after canine eruption. Subjects were categorized into BG, NonBG, and control groups. Canines at the pre-eruption stage were categorized as close to (group 1) or distant from (group 2) the cleft area. The canine angle and its change between the two stages were evaluated. Results No significant differences were noted between the initial canine angle of the BG and NonBG groups. Although canines in the BG group erupted without a significant change in angle, the canine angle increased significantly (p < .0001) in the NonBG and control groups. In group 1, a greater change in canine angle was noted in the NonBG (p < .05) and control (p < .01) groups than in the BG group. In group 2, no significant difference was noted among the three groups. Conclusions In BG patients, a canine located near the cleft appears to erupt at the same angle as it had before grafting. However, in NonBG patients, it erupts more vertically, guided by cortical bone. For canines distant from the cleft area, there is no significant difference in the change in angulation between NonBG and BG patients.

scholarly journals New possibilities of complex ttreatment of cervical ectropion

2021 ◽  
pp. 12-22
Author(s):  
N. F. Khvorostukhina ◽  
D. A. Novichkov ◽  
N. N. Stepanova
Keyword(s):  
Central Zone ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Cervical Canal ◽  
Viral Pathogen ◽  
Diagnostic Measures ◽  
Ultrasound Diagnostics ◽  
Cytological Picture ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Group 1

Introduction. Ectropion of the cervix (EC) is a condition when there is a cicatricial deformity of the uterine cervix (as a result of traumatic injuries) with visualization of the ectopic columnar epithelium on the vaginal part of it. The ectopia is currently classified as a variant of the normal histophysiological state of the cervix. This article discusses the features of the course and methods of treatment of complicated EC.Objective of the study is: to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of a new method of complex treatment of CE.Material and methods. In an open prospective study, 133 patients with CE (groups 1 and 2) and 56 healthy women (group 3) has taken part. In group 1 (n = 83), we have used a method for treating CE developed by us, which included two stages: stage I – elimination of microbial and viral pathogen in combination with immunomodulatory therapy, II – electrosurgical treatment (Leep biopsy) and treatment of the cervix with Galavit (100 mg of dry matter) dissolved in 5 ml of Miramistin (Patent for invention RU 2568768 C1). In group 2 (n = 50), surgical treatment of CE has been preceded by vaginal sanitation, empirical antibacterial and antiviral therapy. Diagnostic measures, in addition to standards, have included: determination of interleukins IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 in the discharge of the cervical canal, ultrasound diagnostics with Doppler measurements in the vessels of the central zone of the cervix. Statistica 7.0, SPSS 17 packages have been used for statistical processing.Results and discussion. Before the start of treatment, patients in groups 1 and 2 have been found to have a combination of CE with cervicitis (100%), ASCUS cytological picture (more than 60%), abnormal colposcopic signs (100%), imbalance of the local immune system with a predominance of Th1 cytokines (the content of IL-8 increased 2.6 times; IL-1b – 13 times; IL-6 – 20 times, and IL-10 – in 1.7 times) against the background of increased vascularization and cervical perfusion. The reparative process after Leep biopsy in group 1 has ended by the end of 3 weeks in 65.6% of patients, in group 2 – in 25.5%, after 5 weeks – in 100% and 57.4%, respectively, after 8 – in group 2, 91.5%. The average period of epithelialization of a wound on the cervix in group 1 was 27.4 ± 4.3 days, in group 2 – 39.5 ± 5.6 days (p = 0.01). After 2 years, the recurrence of cervical pathology has been recorded only in group 2 (34.0%).Conclusion. The use of the developed method of two-stage complex therapy for CE increases the effectiveness of treatment, prevents complications after Leep biopsy, accelerates epithelialization by 30.6% and avoids recurrence of the disease.

scholarly journals A comparative study of supraglottic airway devices Baska mask and ProSeal-laryngeal mask airway in short gynaecological procedures

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 285
Author(s):  
Ranjith Kumar Kachakayala ◽  
Parmeet Bhatia ◽  
Shalendra Singh ◽  
Deepak Dwivedi
Keyword(s):  
Airway Device ◽  
Supraglottic Airway ◽  
Supraglottic Airway Devices ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Study Support ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Low Incidence ◽  
Airway Devices ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Group 1

Background: Baska Mask® (BM) a newer Supraglottic Airway Device (SAD) considered to cause low incidence of Postoperative Pharyngolaryngeal Complications (POPC). This study was designed to assess efficacy, safety and early and late POPC between BM and commonly use ProSeal LMA (PMLA).Methods: Patients between 18 to 60 years of age undergoing elective short gynecological procedures were randomized into two groups, to receive ventilation with either BM (group 1, n=50) or an PMLA (group 2, n=50).Results: There was no significant difference in the ease of insertion for both the devices (p<0.24). There was no significant difference in the number of attempts for both the devices (p<0.69). When compared to PLMA, the time (in seconds) required for insertion of BM was significantly less in duration (20.9 vs. 16) (p<0.0001). Between the two groups significant hemodynamic changes noticed after removal of SGA. The blood staining of device was similar in both groups. Failure to place device, postoperative complication like laryngospasm and bronchospasm did not occur in both BM and PLMA groups.Conclusions: In conclusion, findings of this study support that BM takes significantly shorter placement time and provides a better seal as compared to PLMA but without any reduction in laryngopharyngeal complications.

scholarly journals Potentialities of infrared thermography to assess damage in bonding between concrete and GFRP

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 296-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. CALDEIRA ◽  
I. J. PADARATZ
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Thermography ◽  
Incandescent Lamp ◽  
Measured Temperature ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Externally Bonded ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Different Diameters ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Group 1

This paper demonstrates the application of the active infrared thermography to detect damage in bonding between concrete and glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP). Specimens of concrete and mortar with GFRP externally bonded were prepared and at their interfaces were inserted polystyrene discs to simulate damages. The samples were divided into two groups. In group 1, one sample was correctly bonded by a GFRP plate to the concrete, but in the other three were inserted polystyrene discs which had different diameters to simulate damages in bonding. In group 2, all of the samples contained identical polystyrene discs at their interfaces, but the total thickness of each specimen was different, because the objective was to evaluate the ability of the camera to capture the simulated damage in depth. The experimental procedure was divided into two stages. In the first stage, four types of heating were used to heat samples of group 1: incandescent lamp, kiln, blended lamp and fan heater. Thus, it was possible to detect the damage and to observe its format and length. It was noticed that the infrared images are different depending on the heat source incident on the specimen. Therefore, group 2 was tested only for the more efficient heating (incandescent lamp). In the second stage, the infrared equipment was tested. Some of the parameters that must be inserted in the camera were varied in order to understand their influence on image formation. The results show the effectiveness of infrared thermography to assess adherence in GFRP/concrete interface. In the present work, the best results were obtained when the image is captured towards GFRP/concrete and using incandescent lamp. It was observed that the image and measured temperature suffer significant distortion when a false value was inserted for the parameter emissivity.

scholarly journals The Effects of Reading Activity on Episodic Memory in Elderly

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Ummu Ma’rifatul Afifah ◽  
Nanang Wiyono ◽  
Yunia Hastami ◽  
Siti Munawaroh
Keyword(s):  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
Memory Function ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Reading Activity ◽  
Group 1

Abstract: The aging process is a natural event that cannot be avoided. Especially in the elderly, this is accompanied by a decrease in episodic memory function, which can reduce the quality of life. Therefore, efforts are needed to maintain cognitive function in elderly, one of which is through routine cognitive activities such as reading which can affect memory function in elderly through neuroplasticity. This study aims to determine the effect of reading activity on episodic memory function in the elderly. This research is a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test post-test control group design method. The total research subject were 30 people in Desa Demangan Siman, Kabupaten Ponorogo and Kelurahan Ngadirejo, Kota Kediri, with a sample technique using random purposive sampling. The research subjects were then divided into 3 groups with random allocation techniques using microsoft excel. Group 1 was the control group, group 2 was the 15-minute reading aloud intervention group, and group 3 was the 30-minute reading aloud intervention group. The results of the Dependent T-test showed that there was a significant difference in mean scores between the pre-test and post-test scores in group 2 (p = 0.000) and group 3 (p = 0.000), but not significant in group 1 (p = 0.111). The One Way ANOVA test results showed a significant difference in post-test scores in the three groups (p = 0.043), and the Post-hoc LSD test found a significant difference in scores between the post-test scores in group 1 with group 2 (p = 0.025) and group 1 with group 3 (p = 0.034), but there was no significant difference between the post-test scores in group 2 with group 3 (p = 0.883). It can be concluded, there is a significant effect between the duration of reading activity and episodic memory function in the elderly. Keywords: aging, elderly, episodic memory, reading, neuroplasticity.

In-vivo evaluation of the effect of cyanoacrylate on prosthetic vascular graft infection – does cyanoacrylate increase the severity of infection?

VASA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 281-284
Author(s):  
Atıf Yolgosteren ◽  
Gencehan Kumtepe ◽  
Melda Payaslioglu ◽  
Cuneyt Ozakin
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Graft ◽  
Graft Infection ◽  
Vascular Graft Infection ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Prosthetic Vascular Graft Infection ◽  
Group 1

Summary. Background: Prosthetic vascular graft infection (PVGI) is a complication with high mortality. Cyanoacrylate (CA) is an adhesive which has been used in a number of surgical procedures. In this in-vivo study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between PVGI and CA. Materials and methods: Thirty-two rats were equally divided into four groups. Pouch was formed on back of rats until deep fascia. In group 1, vascular graft with polyethyleneterephthalate (PET) was placed into pouch. In group 2, MRSA strain with a density of 1 ml 0.5 MacFarland was injected into pouch. In group 3, 1 cm 2 vascular graft with PET piece was placed into pouch and MRSA strain with a density of 1 ml 0.5 MacFarland was injected. In group 4, 1 cm 2 vascular graft with PET piece impregnated with N-butyl cyanoacrylate-based adhesive was placed and MRSA strain with a density of 1 ml 0.5 MacFarland was injected. All rats were scarified in 96th hour, culture samples were taken where intervention was performed and were evaluated microbiologically. Bacteria reproducing in each group were numerically evaluated based on colony-forming unit (CFU/ml) and compared by taking their average. Results: MRSA reproduction of 0 CFU/ml in group 1, of 1410 CFU/ml in group 2, of 180 200 CFU/ml in group 3 and of 625 300 CFU/ml in group 4 was present. A statistically significant difference was present between group 1 and group 4 (p < 0.01), between group 2 and group 4 (p < 0.01), between group 3 and group 4 (p < 0.05). In terms of reproduction, no statistically significant difference was found in group 1, group 2, group 3 in themselves. Conclusions: We observed that the rate of infection increased in the cyanoacyrylate group where cyanoacrylate was used. We think that surgeon should be more careful in using CA in vascular surgery.

The influence of continuous local wound infusion on postoperative pain in patients undergoing transfemoral amputation

VASA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 381-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Uhl ◽  
Thomas Betz ◽  
Andrea Rupp ◽  
Markus Steinbauer ◽  
Ingolf Töpel
Keyword(s):  
Pain Management ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Local Anaesthetic ◽  
Phantom Pain ◽  
Transfemoral Amputation ◽  
Postoperative Wound ◽  
Stump Pain ◽  
Management Protocol ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract. Summary: Background: This pilot study was set up to examine the effects of a continuous postoperative wound infusion system with a local anaesthetic on perioperative pain and the consumption of analgesics. Patients and methods: We included 42 patients in this prospective observational pilot study. Patients were divided into two groups. One group was treated in accordance with the WHO standard pain management protocol and in addition to that received a continuous local wound infusion treatment (Group 1). Group 2 was treated with analgesics in accordance with the WHO standard pain management protocol, exclusively. Results: The study demonstrated a significantly reduced postoperative VAS score for stump pain in Group 1 for the first 5 days. Furthermore, the intake of opiates was significantly reduced in Group 1 (day 1, Group 1: 42.1 vs. Group 2: 73.5, p = 0.010; day 2, Group 1: 27.7 vs. Group 2: 52.5, p = 0.012; day 3, Group 1: 23.9 vs. Group 2: 53.5, p = 0.002; day 4, Group 1: 15.7 vs. Group 2: 48.3, p = 0.003; day 5, Group 1 13.3 vs. Group 2: 49.9, p = 0.001). There were no significant differences between the two groups, neither in phantom pain intensity at discharge nor postoperative complications and death. Conclusions: Continuous postoperative wound infusion with a local anaesthetic in combination with a standard pain management protocol can reduce both stump pain and opiate intake in patients who have undergone transfemoral amputation. Phantom pain was not significantly affected.

Abnormal Haemostasis and Blood Viscosity in Malignant Hypertension

1984 ◽  
Vol 52 (03) ◽  
pp. 253-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Isles ◽  
G D O Lowe ◽  
B M Rankin ◽  
C D Forbes ◽  
N Lucie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Viscosity ◽  
Renal Damage ◽  
Antithrombin Iii ◽  
Plasma Viscosity ◽  
Malignant Hypertension ◽  
Fibrin Deposition ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

SummaryWe have previously shown abnormalities of haemostasis suggestive of intravascular coagulation in patients with malignant hypertension, a condition associated with retinopathy and renal fibrin deposition. To determine whether such abnormalities are specific to malignant hypertension, we have measured several haemostatic and haemorheological variables in 18 patients with malignant hypertension (Group 1), 18 matched healthy controls (Group 2), and 18 patients with non-malignant hypertension (Group 3) matched for renal pathology, blood pressure and serum creatinine with Group 1. Both Groups 1 and 3 had increased mean levels of fibrinogen, factor VIIIc, beta-thrombo- globulin, plasma viscosity and blood viscosity (corrected for haematocrit); and decreased mean levels of haematocrit, antithrombin III and platelet count. Mean levels of fast antiplasmin and alpha2-macroglobulin were elevated in Group 1 but not in Group 3. We conclude that most blood abnormalities are not specific to malignant hypertension; are also present in patients with non-malignant hypertension who have similar levels of blood pressure and renal damage; and might result from renal damage as well as promoting further renal damage by enhancing fibrin deposition. However increased levels of fibrinolytic inhibitors in malignant hypertension merit further investigation in relation to removal of renal fibrin.

Total Knee Arthroplasty after Previous Ipsilateral Hip Arthroplasty Showed Lower Clinical Outcomes and Higher Leg Length Discrepancy Perception

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han-Jun Lee ◽  
Seong Hwan Kim ◽  
Nicolas Pujol ◽  
Yong-Beom Park
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Leg Length ◽  
Function Score ◽  
Patient’S Satisfaction ◽  
Length Discrepancy ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Ks Function ◽  
Group 1

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to compare perception of leg length discrepancy (LLD) and clinical results of total knee arthroplasties (TKA) in patients with or without previous ipsilateral hip arthroplasty. Between 2008 and 2015, navigation-assisted TKA was performed in 43 patients with previous hip arthroplasty after hip fracture. After 1:3 propensity score matching was performed, 108 patients of primary navigation-assisted TKA (group 1) and 36 patients with hip arthroplasty (group 2) were included. Knee Society (KS) scores, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Index (WOMAC) scores, and patients' satisfaction including perception of LLD were evaluated. Radiographic evaluation included mechanical axis, component position, and LLD. Logistic regression analysis was performed to find the factors that affect the clinical outcomes. No significant differences in radiologic and clinical evaluations, except for KS function score, patient's satisfaction and LLD (p< 0.001), were detected between the groups. LLD and its perception were significantly higher in group 2 (1.8 ± 3.4 mm in group 1 and 9.7 ± 4.1 mm in group 2, p = 0.000). Risk factors for the low KS function score were found as LLD (odds ratio [OR]: 1.403, p = 0.008) and previous hip arthroplasty itself (OR: 15.755, p = 0.002), but much higher OR was found in previous hip arthroplasty. Although the outcomes of TKA in patients with ipsilateral hip arthroplasty are comparable to those of primary TKA, LLD was high and patient's satisfaction and functional outcomes were low in patients with previous ipsilateral hip arthroplasty. Care should be taken when considering TKA in patients with previous hip arthroplasty. This is a Level III, case control study.

Clinical and Radiological Changes after use of Alpha-1 Blocker Therapy in Patients of Posterior Urethral Valve with Bladder Neck Hypertrophy

JMS SKIMS ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
Aejaz A Baba ◽  
Bajpai Minu
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Neck ◽  
Posterior Urethral Valve ◽  
Posterior Urethral Valves ◽  
Blocker Therapy ◽  
Urethral Valve ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Radiological Changes ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Mean Time ◽  
Group 1

Background: We evaluated the effects of alpha-1 blocker therapy on clinical and radiological abnormalities in patients of posterior urethral valve with bladder neck hypertrophy. Materials and Methods: A total of 74 patients with posterior urethral valves were seen at our department between 2003 and 2007. Out of these 24 had radiological evidence of bladder neck hypertrophy. Those patients with bladder neck hypertrophy who were seen before June 2006 and did not receive alpha-1 blocker (prazocin) therapy after valve ablation were assigned to group 1 (n=10). Group 2 consisted of 14 age matched patients with bladder neck hypertrophy and comparable prognostic factors who received alpha-1 blocker therapy after valve ablation (n=14). Micturating cystourethrography (MCU) was done periodically and a novel method used to calculate bladder neck hypertrophy. Trends in symptoms and radiological changes were evaluated throughout follow-up. Results: Mean patient age at presentation was 3.02±2.68 years in group 1 and 3.12±3.4 years in group 2. Bladder neck hypertrophy decreased from 2.3±1.0 to 2.0±0.5 in a mean time of 52.0 (34-52) weeks in group 1 where as it decreased from 2.2±0.5 to 1.6±0.3 in a mean time of 32.0 (22-52) weeks. Symptomatically patients in group 2 who received alpha-1 blocker therapy after valve ablation were better and had quick resolution of bladder neck hypertrophy. Conclusions: Use of alpha-1 blocker therapy in patients of posterior urethral valve with bladder neck hypertrophy helps in quick resolution of bladder neck hypertrophy. J Med Sci 2009;12(1):3-7.

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