Pediatric viral hepatitis: avoiding liver failure

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 613-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norberto Sotelo
Keyword(s):  
Liver Failure ◽  
Viral Hepatitis

scholarly journals Complement System as a Target for Therapies to Control Liver Regeneration/Damage in Acute Liver Failure Induced by Viral Hepatitis

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Gil Melgaço ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Veloso ◽  
Lúcio Filgueiras Pacheco-Moreira ◽  
Claudia Lamarca Vitral ◽  
Marcelo Alves Pinto
Keyword(s):  
Liver Failure ◽  
Acute Liver Failure ◽  
Liver Regeneration ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Complement System ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Heat Inactivation ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
The Complement System

The complement system plays an important role in innate immunity inducing liver diseases as well as signaling immune cell activation in local inflammation regulating immunomodulatory effects such as liver damage and/or liver regeneration. Our aim is to evaluate the role of complement components in acute liver failure (ALF) caused by viral hepatitis, involving virus-induced ALF in human subjects using peripheral blood, samples of liver tissues, and ex vivo assays. Our findings displayed low levels of C3a in plasma samples with high frequency of C3a, C5a, and C5b/9 deposition in liver parenchyma. Meanwhile, laboratory assays using HepG2 (hepatocyte cell line) showed susceptibility to plasma samples from ALF patients impairing in vitro cell proliferation and an increase in apoptotic events submitting plasma samples to heat inactivation. In summary, our data suggest that the complement system may be involved in liver dysfunction in viral-induced acute liver failure cases using ex vivo assays. In extension to our findings, we provide insights into future studies using animal models for viral-induced ALF, as well as other associated soluble components, which need further investigation.

scholarly journals A study of Acute Liver Failure in adults in a tertiary care hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 204-207
Author(s):  
Dr. Mohini Singh ◽  
◽  
Dr. Srilakshmi Sathiyaseelan ◽  
Devarasetty Shashank ◽  
Dr. S.R. Ramakrishnan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Function ◽  
Liver Failure ◽  
Acute Liver Failure ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Function Test

Acute liver failure (ALF) is a condition with rapid deterioration of liver function resulting in hepatic encephalopathy and/or coagulopathy in patients with previously normal liver. Acute liver failure (ALF) is an uncommon condition associated with high morbidity and mortality. The prognosis is poor for untreated cases of Acute liver failure, so early recognition and management of patients with acute liver failure is crucial. A cause for acute liver failure can be identified in 60 to 80 percent of patients. Identifying the underlying cause of the liver failure is important because it influences the approach to management and provides prognostic information. Aims and Objectives: The aim of our study is to identify the clinical features, etiology and outcome of acute liver failure in a tertiary care hospital. Materials and Methods: This study is an observational study where patients with Acute Liver Failure admitted in ICU in our institution after meeting the diagnostic criteria for Acute liver failure were included in the study. Details of history, relevant symptoms and baseline investigations included, complete blood count, blood glucose, renal function test, serum electrolytes, liver function test (LFT), prothrombin time, international normalized ratio (INR), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK)], arterial blood gas analysis, arterial lactate, arterial ammonia, amylase and lipase level and pregnancy test (if female) and ultrasonography (USG) abdomen were recorded, MRI brain and other investigations relevant to the admission diagnosis, co morbidities and aetiology if needed were recorded. All the patients received standard supportive treatment for ALF. Results: In this study of 57 patients, majority of the patients were from the age group 41 to 50 years (17 patients) and 31 to 40 years (13 patients). 36 patients were male and 21 patients were females. Jaundice and encephalopathy was observed in all 57 (100%) patients, 24 (42%) patients had INR >2.5, 27 (47%) patients had serum creatinine >1.2 mg/dl and 18 (31.5%) patients had serum ammonia levels >100 micromol/L. The lowest value for serum aminotranferase was observed in infections (other than viral hepatitis) and maximum value was observed in drugs leading to ALF.In 20 (35%) patients viral hepatitis was the cause for ALD, followed by drugs and toxins which was the cause of ALD in 18 (31.5%) patients. Infections other viral hepatitis as the aetiology for ALF was observed in 16 (28%) of patients. Ischemic hepatitis was observed in 1 and Wilson’s disease was noted in 2 patients. Total 6 (10.5%) patients out of 57 patients had died, 4 patients with hepatitis B infection, 1 patient with paracetamol over dosage and 1 patient with dengue fever had died. Conclusion: Viral hepatitis and drugs are the commonest cause for acute liver failure. The aetiology of ALF varies significantly worldwide. Determining the etiology of acute liver failure requires a combination of detailed history taking and investigations. A broad evaluation is required to identify a cause of the acute liver failure, as the prognosis is poor in untreated cases of acute liver failure, so early recognition and management of patients with acute liver failure is crucial.

scholarly journals Circulating proteomic panels for diagnosis and risk stratification of acute-on-chronic liver failure in patients with viral hepatitis B

Theranostics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1200-1214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeyu Sun ◽  
Xiaoli Liu ◽  
Daxian Wu ◽  
Hainv Gao ◽  
Jing Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Risk Stratification ◽  
Liver Failure ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Chronic Liver Failure ◽  
Viral Hepatitis B

Viral Hepatitis-Related Acute Liver Failure is not Associated With Long-Term Complications

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. S2-S3
Author(s):  
Shalimar ◽  
Saurabh Kedia ◽  
Deepak Gunjan ◽  
Baibaswata Nayak ◽  
Harpreet Kaur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Failure ◽  
Acute Liver Failure ◽  
Viral Hepatitis

scholarly journals Parvovirus B19 in an Immunocompetent Adult Patient with Acute Liver Failure: An Underdiagnosed Cause of Acute Non-A-E Viral Hepatitis

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Kee Ho ◽  
Susan PL Tha ◽  
Robert Coupland ◽  
Bakul I Dalal ◽  
William R Bowie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Failure ◽  
Acute Liver Failure ◽  
Acute Hepatitis ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Adult Patient ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Hepatic Failure ◽  
Parvovirus B19 ◽  
Immunocompetent Adult ◽  
Parvovirus B19 Infection

There are occasional pediatric reports of parvovirus B19-associated transient acute hepatitis and hepatic failure. A case of a 34-year-old immunocompetent woman who developed severe and prolonged but self-limited acute hepatitis and myelosuppression following acute parvovirus B19 infection is reported. Parvovirus B19 may be the causative agent in some adult cases of acute non-A-E viral hepatitis and acute liver failure.

Results of liver transplantation in acute liver failure caused by viral hepatitis

1994 ◽  
Vol 7 (s1) ◽  
pp. 227-228
Author(s):  
R. Raakow ◽  
G. Blumhardt ◽  
N. Kling ◽  
W.O. Bechstein ◽  
R. Lohmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Liver Failure ◽  
Acute Liver Failure ◽  
Viral Hepatitis

Circulating microRNA's in Patients With Acute Viral Hepatitis and Acute Liver Failure

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. S7
Author(s):  
Rajib Hazam ◽  
Jayanta Borkakoti ◽  
Dipu Bharali ◽  
Premashis Kar
Keyword(s):  
Liver Failure ◽  
Acute Liver Failure ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Acute Viral Hepatitis
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