DIVERSIDAD DE REPTILES DE LA LAGUNA EL QUELELE EN NAYARIT, MÉXICO

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juana Naggai Fuentes-Castrejón ◽  
Adrián Maldonado-Gasca
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Temporal Variation ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
Ecological Indices ◽  
Biological Value ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Total Species ◽  
Risk Categories

<p>Mexico is considered a megadiverse country, ranking second worldwide in reptile diversity. To determine the spatial and temporal variation of the reptile assemblage in El Quelele lagoon in Bahía de Banderas, Nayarit (20°43’N and 105° 17’W), we realized transects of 500 m<sup>2</sup> for three different types of vegetation (mangrove, marshes and thorn forest) during two seasons (Dry and Rainy), We calculate the ecological indices (Shannon, Simpson and Pielou) and the biological value index. We report 19 species, representing 21.5% of the total species reported in Nayarit. The most abundant species were <em>Anolis nebulosus</em>, <em>Holcosus undulata</em> and <em>Iguana iguana</em>. Four species (21%) are endemic to Mexico, and nine species (47%) are registered within at-risk categories. Mangroves had the highest species richness (13 spp.), followed by marshes (9 spp.) and finally the thorn forest (5 spp.). Diversity was highest during the dry season within mangroves (H’=2.93) and in the marshes (1-D=0.93), which may be related to water availability. This study provides a foundation for reptile conservation in this area.</p>

Effect of morphodynamics on the spatial and temporal variation of macrofauna on three sandy beaches, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valéria Gomes Veloso ◽  
Ricardo Silva Cardoso
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Community Structure ◽  
Temporal Variation ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Sandy Beaches ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
Total Density ◽  
Beach Width ◽  
Slope Beach

Three exposed sandy beaches were selected to compare fluctuations in density of the most abundant species, and to verify the influence of spatial and temporal variations on the community structure. Sampling was carried out every three months, from June 1993 to May 1995, on Fora, Prainha, and Boqueirão Beaches. The first two beaches were classified by Dean's morphodynamic index (Ω) as intermediate, and the last as reflective. Slope, beach width and median grain size were significantly different among the beaches. Two-way analysis of variance revealed significant differences in species richness only among the beaches. No significant differences in density of the macrofauna between beaches and season were observed. However, Prainha Beach showed a higher temporal variation of the density of the macrofauna (and higher standard deviation) than the other two beaches. Emerita brasiliensis (Crustacea: Decapoda), Excirolana braziliensis (Crustacea: Isopoda), and Pseudorchestoidea brasiliensis (Crustacea: Amphipoda) were the most abundant species. Canonical correspondence analysis calculated the influence of the temporal variation as 27·5%; the influence of the environmental variation on community structure was 20·9%. The results suggest that in spite of the long-term fluctuations in species density, the beaches did not have temporal differences in the species richness and total density macrofauna during the study period.

scholarly journals Aquatic macrophyte community varies in urban reservoirs with different degrees of eutrophication

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suelen Cristina Alves da Silva ◽  
Armando Carlos Cervi ◽  
Cleusa Bona ◽  
André Andrian Padial
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Temporal Variation ◽  
Indicator Species ◽  
Beta Diversity ◽  
Aquatic Macrophytes ◽  
Aquatic Macrophyte ◽  
Wiener Index ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
Macrophyte Community ◽  
Aquatic Macrophyte Community

AIM: Investigate spatial and temporal variation in the aquatic macrophyte community in four urban reservoirs located in Curitiba metropolitan region, Brazil. We tested the hypothesis that aquatic macrophyte community differ among reservoirs with different degrees of eutrophication. METHODS: The reservoirs selected ranged from oligotrophic/mesotrophic to eutrophic. Sampling occurred in October 2011, January 2012 and June 2012. Twelve aquatic macrophytes stands were sampled at each reservoir. Species were identified and the relative abundance of aquatic macrophytes was estimated. Differences among reservoirs and over sampling periods were analyzed: i) through two‑way ANOVAs considering the stand extent (m) and the stand biodiversity - species richness, evenness, Shannon-Wiener index and beta diversity (species variation along the aquatic macrophyte stand); and ii) through PERMANOVA considering species composition. Indicator species that were characteristic for each reservoir were also identified. RESULTS: The aquatic macrophyte stand extent varied among reservoirs and over sampling periods. Species richness showed only temporal variation. On the other hand, evenness and Shannon-Wiener index varied only among reservoirs. The beta diversity of macrophyte stands did not vary among reservoirs or over time, meaning that species variability among aquatic macrophyte stands was independent of the stand extent and reservoir eutrophication. Community composition depended on the reservoir and sampling period. CONCLUSIONS: Our results support our initial expectation that reservoirs of different degrees of eutrophication have different aquatic macrophyte communities. As a consequence, each reservoir had particular indicator species. Therefore, monitoring and management efforts must be offered for each reservoir individually.

scholarly journals Diversity and associations between coastal habitats and anurans in southernmost Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 575-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
MAURO C.L.M. OLIVEIRA ◽  
MAURICIO B. DOS SANTOS ◽  
DANIEL LOEBMANN ◽  
ALEXANDRE HARTMAN ◽  
ALEXANDRO M. TOZETTI
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Plant Cover ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Thermal Variation ◽  
Environmental Filter ◽  
Anuran Species ◽  
Drift Fence ◽  
Pampa Biome ◽  
The Relationship

This study aimed to verify the relationship between habitat and the composition of anuran species in dune and restinga habitats in southernmost Brazil. The habitats were sampled between April 2009 and March 2010 using pitfalls with drift fence. We have captured 13,508 individuals of 12 anuran species. Species richness was lower in the dunes and dominance was higher in the resting. Apparently the less complex plant cover, water availability, and wide daily thermal variation in dunes act as an environmental filter for frogs. This hypothesis is reinforced by the fact that the most abundant species (Physalaemus biligonigerus and Odonthoprynus maisuma) bury themselves in the sand, minimizing these environmental stresses. Despite being in the Pampa biome, the studied community was more similar to those of coastal restinga environment of southeast Brazil than with other of the Pampa biome. The number of recorded species is similar to those observed in other open habitats in Brazil, showing the importance of adjacent ones to the shoreline for the maintenance of the diversity of anurans in southernmost Brazil.

scholarly journals What drives the spatial distribution and dynamics of local species richness in tropical forest?

2017 ◽  
Vol 284 (1863) ◽  
pp. 20171503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thorsten Wiegand ◽  
Felix May ◽  
Martin Kazmierczak ◽  
Andreas Huth
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Tropical Forest ◽  
Temporal Variation ◽  
Tropical Forests ◽  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Dynamic Models ◽  
Neutral Theory ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
Demographic Stochasticity ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Understanding the structure and dynamics of highly diverse tropical forests is challenging. Here we investigate the factors that drive the spatio-temporal variation of local tree numbers and species richness in a tropical forest (including 1250 plots of 20 × 20 m 2 ). To this end, we use a series of dynamic models that are built around the local spatial variation of mortality and recruitment rates, and ask which combination of processes can explain the observed spatial and temporal variation in tree and species numbers. We find that processes not included in classical neutral theory are needed to explain these fundamental patterns of the observed local forest dynamics. We identified a large spatio-temporal variability in the local number of recruits as the main missing mechanism, whereas variability of mortality rates contributed to a lesser extent. We also found that local tree numbers stabilize at typical values which can be explained by a simple analytical model. Our study emphasized the importance of spatio-temporal variability in recruitment beyond demographic stochasticity for explaining the local heterogeneity of tropical forests.

scholarly journals Spatial and temporal variation of fish assemblage associated with aquatic macrophyte patches in the littoral zone of the Ayapel Swamp Complex, Colombia

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Mario Marín Avendaño ◽  
Néstor Jaime Aguirre Ramírez
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Variation ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Fish Assemblage ◽  
Littoral Zone ◽  
Aquatic Macrophyte ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Assemblage Structure ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
Fish Assemblage Structure

Abstract: Aim The purpose of the present study was to examine spatial and temporal variation in fish assemblage structure associated with aquatic macrophytes in the littoral zone of the ASC. Methods Specimens were caught between January 2008 and February 2009, over four limnimetric moments, using both cast net and seine net. Data on the temperature, electrical conductivity, pH and dissolved oxygen was recorded for the characterization of the water mass in the sites. Results A total of 34,151 specimens from 44 species were collected. The most abundant species were Eigenmannia virescens, Astyanax caucanus, Astyanax fasciatus, Roeboides dayi and Cyphocharax magdalenae, which together accounted for more than 75% of the sample. Temporal and spatial comparisons showed variation in the environmental conditions and highlighted the existence of heterogeneous abiotic conditions (p<0.05). However, the multiple comparisons test showed the existence of homogeneous spatial conditions (p>0.05) regarding the fish assemblage structure. The multivariate analysis showed no significant relationship between existing environmental conditions and the fish assemblage (p=0.04). The analysis also showed the absence of a relationship between the fish assemblage and environmental variables with respect to the flood pulse and sampling sites (p>0.05). Conclusion The uniformity of the fish communities that inhabit aquatic macrophyte patches in the littoral region of the ASC may be related to the availability of suitable habitat in structural terms, that probably supports a more abundant and varied wildlife.

scholarly journals Temporal variation in the spider assemblage (Arachnida, Araneae) in canopies of Callisthene fasciculata (Vochysiaceae) in the Brazilian Pantanal biome

2017 ◽  
Vol 107 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lúcia Yamazaki ◽  
Vanessa F. Vindica ◽  
Antonio D. Brescovit ◽  
Marinez I. Marques ◽  
Leandro D. Battirola
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Temporal Variation ◽  
High Water ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Generalist Predators ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Canopy Fogging ◽  
High Water Period ◽  
Brazilian Pantanal ◽  
High Diversity

ABSTRACT Spiders are generalist predators and present a high diversity of capturing and foraging, as well as considerable species richness in tropical habitats. Although, generally, not presenting specific relations to the host plant, they can be influenced by its phenology, structure and resource availability. So, this study analyzed temporal variation on the structure and composition of Araneae assemblage in Callisthene fasciculata (Spr.) Mart. (Vochysiaceae) canopies, in an area of monodominant vegetation, in the periods of high water, receding water, dry season and rising water in Pantanal of Mato Grosso, Brazil. The collection was performed on 24 individuals of C. fasciculata, six in each seasonal period, in 2010 and 2011, making use of canopy fogging with insecticide. For that, ten nylon funnels were distributed under each canopy of C. fasciculata individuals, in a total of 240 m² of sampled canopies. In all, 3,610 spiders were collected and distributed in 24 families and 55 species. Anyphaenidae (43.3%; 6.5 ind./m2), Pisauridae (16.2%; 2.4 ind./m2), Araneidae (12.7%; 1.9 ind./m2) and Salticidae (12.4%; 1.9 ind./m2) were the most representative. Osoriella tahela Brescovit, 1998 was the most abundant species (12.2%). The nocturnal aerial runners of foliage (45.6%; 6.9 ind./m2), nocturnal aerial ambushers of foliage (17.3%; 2.6 ind./m2), aerial orb weavers (13.3%; 2.0 ind./m2) and the diurnal aerial runners of foliage (12.5%; 1.9 ind./m2) spiders represented the most abundant guilds. Significant differences were observed in the composition of families and behavioral guilds, as well as abundance and richness among seasonal periods. The assemblage showed the highest abundance in receding water and highest species richness in high water period, probably related to the hydrologic cycle of the area and its influence on C. fasciculata phenology, indicating the importance of this plant species for spider’s diversity maintenance in the Pantanal.

Spatial and temporal variation in populations and community of ectoparasites on young snapper, Pagrus auratus (Bloch & Schneider) (Sparidae), from the wild and captivity at Port Hacking, Sydney, Australia

1996 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 585 ◽  
Author(s):  
FR Roubal ◽  
N Quartararo ◽  
A West
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Temporal Variation ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Condition Factor ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
Pagrus Auratus ◽  
Sydney Australia

Snapper in both the estuary (0+, 1+ age classes) and from offshore reefs (1+, 2+, 3+ age classes) at Port Hacking, NSW, were infested with the monogeneans Lamellodiscus pagrosomi, Anoplodiscus cirrusspiralis and Bivagina pagrosomi and the copepods Unicolax chrysophryerzus, Pseudoeucanthus australiensis, Hatschekia pagrosomi, Clavellopsis sargi and Lernanthropus atrox; offshore snapper also had the monogenean Choricotyle australiensis and the copepods Caligus spp. and Lepeophtheirus sekii. Most species had a higher prevalence, but not intensity, on offshore fish. Season was not a significant factor for most infrapopulations. Species richness, number of parasites and diversity were greater on offshore fish and differed among estuary samples but not offshore samples. Estuary infracommunities were dominated by L. pagrosomi (mainly 1+) and B. pagrosomi (mainly 0+); C. sargi and L. atrox dominated when richness was low. Offshore infracommunities were dominated by H. pagrosomi except in winter when L. pagrosomi was dominant, possibly owing to movement of estuary fish to offshore reefs. Captivity in experimental cages in the estuary resulted in transient increases in A. cirrusspiralis, B. pagrosomi and Benedenia sekii. Lamellodiscus pagrosomi increasingly dominated all samples and infracommunities. Neither condition factor nor stocking density had a significant influence on infestation.

scholarly journals Spatial and temporal variation of fish assemblages in a subtropical small stream of the Huangshan Mountain

2010 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 670-677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunzhi Yan ◽  
Shan He ◽  
Ling Chu ◽  
Xiuying Xiang ◽  
Yanju Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Spatial Variation ◽  
Temporal Variation ◽  
Fish Assemblages ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
Scaling Analysis ◽  
Small Stream ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Species Richness And Abundance ◽  
Huangshan Mountain

Abstract Spatial and temporal variation of fish assemblages were investigated seasonally from May 2007 to February 2008 across 11 study sites in a subtropical small stream, the Puxi Stream, of the Huangshan Mountain. Along the longitudinal gradient from headwater to downstream, fish species richness and abundance increased gradually, but then decreased significantly at the lower reaches. The highest species richness and abundance were observed in August and the lowest in February. Based on analysis of similarities (ANOSIM), fish assemblages were significantly different in spatial variation but not in temporal variation. Although differences were observed both among sites and among stream orders, the lower R value in order-variation suggested stream order was not the optimal factor explaining the spatial variation of fish assemblages. In addition, dam construction did not significantly alter fish assemblages in the sites adjacent to and immediately downstream to dams. Using cluster analysis and non-metric Multi Dimensional Scaling analysis (NMS), assemblages were separated into three groups at a Bray-Curtis similarity value of 42%: the upper, middle and lower groups. Following analysis of similarity percentages of species contributions (SIMPER), shifts in occurrence or abundance of S. curriculus, Z. platypus, R. bitterling and A. fasciatus contributed most to the differences amongst the three groups. Standard Deviation Redundancy Analysis (RDA) suggested that habitat structure (such as elevation, substrate, and flow velocity) contributed to the spatial and temporal pattern of fish assemblages in the Puxi Stream. In conclusion, the fish assemblages in Puxi Stream presented significant spatial but not temporal variation. Human disturbance has perhaps induced the decrease in species diversity in the lower reaches. However, no significant change was observed for fish assemblages in sites far from and immediately downstream from low-head dams.

scholarly journals Ground Vegetation Diversity on Different Type of Riverbank Along Ciliwung River in Bogor City, West Java

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Amarizni Mosyaftiani ◽  
Kaswanto Kaswanto ◽  
Hadi Susilo Arifin
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Retaining Wall ◽  
Ground Vegetation ◽  
Vegetation Diversity ◽  
Landscape Plants ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Total Species ◽  
Wall System

Ciliwung riverbank has been affected by settlement occupation. Both concrete and another retaining wall system have been built to avoid flood and erosion to the settlement that has existed adjacent to the river. Built environment as human disturbance can trigger the change of species richness of ground vegetation in the Ciliwung riverbank of Bogor City. The research objective is to study the difference of ground vegetation biodiversity in three different types of riverbank based on its condition: natural, semi-natural, and constructed riverbanks. Point method and photographic sampling are used. Five replications of a square metre plot at three transects were placed at four sites sampling along 250 m each from the three different types of riverbank. Images of the plots are trained using sample point to overcome the difficulties in the field observation and statistical analysis. The result discovered that species richness in the natural riverbank is significantly higher than in semi-natural and constructed riverbank. Yet, no significance of species richness is shown between semi-natural and constructed riverbank. Total species of ground vegetation that we found were 55 species. Each different type of riverbank has its own highest species coverage: Asystasia nemorum (55.00%) in the natural riverbank, Pilea nummulariifolia (33.07%) in the semi-natural riverbank, and Pogonatherum crinitum (52.80%) in the constructed riverbank. The study concluded that the construction in the riverbank largely altered the biodiversity of ground vegetation in the urban riverbank. The outcomes suggest that the remnant of natural riverbank in the urban landscape should be highly protected from urban development to preserve its biodiversity. Also, species found could be potentially developed as landscape plants to support urban river planning, design, and management.

scholarly journals Spatial and temporal variation in community composition of herbivorous insects on Neoboutonia macrocalyx in a primary tropical rain forest

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaisa Heimonen ◽  
Jeremiah S. Lwanga ◽  
Marko Mutanen ◽  
Tommi Nyman ◽  
Heikki Roininen
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Temporal Variation ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Rain Forest ◽  
Tropical Rain Forest ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
Herbivorous Insects ◽  
Herbivorous Insect ◽  
Insect Communities ◽  
Study Sites

Abstract:Spatial and temporal variation of tropical insect communities has rarely been studied, although such variation influences estimates of global species richness. Therefore, we compared spatial and temporal variation of herbivorous insect communities on Neoboutonia macrocalyx trees among seven sites over 1 y in a primary tropical rain forest in Kibale National Park, Uganda. The distance between the study sites varied from 4.8 to 31.2 km and altitudinal differences ranged from 20 to 242 m. Permutational multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA) revealed significant spatial changes in community composition of the herbivorous insects and study sites differed also in insect abundance (6.9–26.2 individuals m−2 of leaf area). This is likely to be caused by differences in vegetation, altitude and microclimate among the study sites. The similarity of insect species composition was negatively correlated with geographic and altitudinal distances among sites and positively correlated with the similarity of tree community composition. Species richness varied significantly between sampling dates, ranging from 33 to 41 species. Also community compositions changed between sampling dates, which likely follows from marked seasonal changes in climate and the phenology of other host plants used by the generalist insect species also living on Neoboutonia macrocalyx. In general our study supports the idea of high variability of herbivorous insect communities in primary rain forests even at a small spatial scale. This should be considered when estimations of insect biodiversity are made.

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