scholarly journals Hallazgos clínico patológicos de la enfermedad de Marek en aves de combate

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norma Leticia Calderón Apodaca ◽  
Mayra Itzel Araujo Mayorga ◽  
Andrea Paloma Zepeda Velázquez
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Marek's Disease ◽  
Bursa Of Fabricius ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Marek’S Disease ◽  
Pathological Findings ◽  
Vaccination Programs ◽  
Cell Changes ◽  
Lymphoid Infiltrates ◽  
Lymphocyte Infiltrate

Descripción de los casos. Se analizaron siete casos clínicos de doce aves de combate de diferentes edades, estos casos fueron documentados entre 2015 y 2016. El diagnóstico presuntivo fue la enfermedad de Marek, porque expresaron signos de esta enfermedadHallazgos clínicos e interpretación. Los signos clínicos fueron principalmente respiratorios, circulatorios y nerviosos. La observación histopatológica reveló cambios celulares importantes con infiltrado linfoide en diferentes tejidos, mayoritariamente en pulmón, hígado, encéfalo, nervios, intestino, riñón y bazo, con lo que se diagnosticó enfermedad de Marek.Tratamiento y evolución. Se desconoce si se aplicó tratamiento.Pruebas de laboratorio. En el estudio histopatológico, los cortes se incluyeron en formol al 10 % con tinciones de rutina. Las muestras analizadas fueron tejido perineural, encéfalo, nervio ciático braquial, pulmón, corazón, hígado, duodeno, páncreas, riñón, bazo, ciegos, bolsa de Fabricio y piel de los senos infraorbitarios. Se determinó la severidad y virulencia del virus infectante según el criterio de infiltrado linfocitario definido en las pruebas de laboratorio.Relevancia clínica. Debido a que la crianza de aves de combate se realiza en pequeña y mediana escala, y bajo métodos tradicionales, el virus de la enfermedad de Marek persiste en estas aves. Por lo tanto, se requiere el diseño y la implementación de programas especiales de vacunación, incluyendo la producción de vacunas en una presentación adecuada para pequeños avicultores. Clinical and pathological findings of Marek’s disease in fighting cocksCases report. Seven clinical cases of twelve fighting cocks of different ages, were analyzed, this cases were documented between 2015 and 2016. The presuntive diagnosis was Marek’s disease, because they expressed signs of this diseaseClinical findings. The clinical signs were mainly respiratory, circulatory and nervous. Histopathological observation revealed major cell changes with lymphoid infiltrates in different tissues, mostly in the lung, liver, brain, nerves, bowel, kidney, and spleen, leading to the diagnosis of Marek’s disease.Treatment and evolution. Whether treatment was applied is unknown.Laboratory tests. In the histopathological study, the cuts were included in 10 % formaldehyde with routine stains. The samples analyzed were perineural tissue, brain, sciatic brachial nerve, lung, heart, liver, duodenum, pancreas, kidney, spleen, blind, bursa of Fabricius and skin of infraorbital sinuses. The severity and virulence of the infecting virus was determined according to the lymphocyte infiltrate criterion defined in the laboratory tests.Clinical relevance. Because the breeding of fighting cocks is realized in small to medium scale and under traditional methods, the Marek’s disease virus persists in these birds. Therefore the design and implementation of special vaccination programs are required, including the production of vaccines in a presentation suitable for small flocks.Keywords. fighting cocks, Marek´s disease, tumor, vaccination

scholarly journals Host responses in the bursa of Fabricius of chickens infected with virulent Marek's disease virus

Virology ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 379 (2) ◽  
pp. 256-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.F. Abdul-Careem ◽  
B.D. Hunter ◽  
L.F. Lee ◽  
J.H. Fairbrother ◽  
H.R. Haghighi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Virus ◽  
Marek's Disease Virus ◽  
Marek's Disease ◽  
Bursa Of Fabricius ◽  
Host Responses ◽  
Marek’S Disease Virus ◽  
Marek’S Disease

scholarly journals Influence of the bursa of Fabricius on the pathogenesis of Marek's disease.

1981 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
K A Schat ◽  
B W Calnek ◽  
J Fabricant
Keyword(s):  
Marek's Disease ◽  
Bursa Of Fabricius ◽  
Marek’S Disease

scholarly journals Histological evaluation of immune organs in chicken embryos inoculated with Marek’s disease virus and lymphokines

2001 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mireya Ortiz ◽  
V. M. Petrone ◽  
G. Téllez ◽  
T. Fehérvári
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Yolk Sac ◽  
Marek's Disease ◽  
Bursa Of Fabricius ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Marek’S Disease ◽  
Chicken Embryos ◽  
Significant Difference

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the presence of lymphocytes and granulocytes in different stages of embryonic development and on the first posthatching day. The lymphocytes present in the bursa of Fabricius and thymus were evaluated by histological analysis of the yolk sac, bursa of Fabricius, thymus, liver and bone marrow of 100 chicken embryos divided into groups and treated with: (I) Marek’s disease vaccine as viral antigen, (II) Marek’s disease vaccine plus lymphokines, (III) lymphokines, and (IV) vaccine diluent. Group V was not treated. Samples were taken on days 14, 17 and 20 of incubation and on the first posthatching day. An increase in the number of epithelial matrix as precursors of lymphoid follicles was observed in the bursa of Fabricius of embryos inoculated with lymphokines compared to embryos in all the other groups (p < 0.05). In addition, a higher amount of granulocytes was found in the yolk sac and liver of embryos inoculated with lymphokines than in the embryos of all other groups (p < 0.05). In the bone marrow, no significant difference was observed among the treated groups concerning the amount of granulocytes. The results suggest that administration of antigens or protein molecules at an early stage of embryonic development increases the presence of granulocytes in the liver and granulopoiesis in the yolk sac, and also increases the number of epithelial matrixs in the bursa of Fabricius.

scholarly journals Safety and Efficacy Evaluation of Recombinant Marek’s Disease Virus with REV-LTR

Vaccines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cuiping Song ◽  
Yang Yang ◽  
Jing Hu ◽  
Shengqing Yu ◽  
Yingjie Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Virus ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Marek's Disease Virus ◽  
Marek's Disease ◽  
Marek’S Disease Virus ◽  
Marek’S Disease ◽  
Efficacy Evaluation ◽  
Live Attenuated Vaccine ◽  
Safety And Efficacy

Recently, chickens vaccinated with the CVI988/Rispens vaccine showed increased tumor incidence. Moreover, many strains of Marek’s disease virus (MDV) that were naturally integrated with the long terminal repeat (LTR) of the avian reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV) have been isolated, which means it is necessary to develop a new vaccine. In this study, two LTR sequences were inserted into Rispens to construct a recombinant MDV (rMDV). Then, the safety and efficacy of rMDV were evaluated separately in chickens. The growth rate curves showed that the insertion of REV-LTR into MDV enabled a faster replication in vitro than Rispens. Chickens immunized with high or repeated dose rMDV had no MD clinical signs. Further, no tumor, tissue lesions, or evident pathological changes were observed in the chicken organs. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and virus isolation revealed that rMDV had the ability to spread horizontally to non-immunized chickens and had no impact on the environment. After five passages in chickens, there were no obvious lesions, and the LTR insertion was stable. There were also no deletions or mutations, which indicates that rMDV is safe in chickens. In addition, rMDV has an advantage over Rispens against vvMDV Md5 at low doses. All results demonstrate that the transgenic strain of rMDV with REV-LTR can be used as a live attenuated vaccine candidate.

scholarly journals Morphological and Immunohistochemical Examination of Lymphoproliferative Lesions Caused by Marek’s Disease Virus in Breeder Chickens

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1280
Author(s):  
Alessandro Stamilla ◽  
Antonino Messina ◽  
Lucia Condorelli ◽  
Francesca Licitra ◽  
Francesco Antoci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Marek's Disease ◽  
Neoplastic Disease ◽  
Marek’S Disease ◽  
Immunohistochemical Examination ◽  
Chicken Flock ◽  
Vaccination Programs ◽  
Microscopic Evaluation ◽  
Cecal Tonsil ◽  
Overall Mortality

Marek’s disease is widely controlled by vaccination programs; however, chickens are not totally protected, especially immediately after the vaccination when a strong challenge could interfere with the effectiveness of vaccination in the absence of proper biosecurity practice. This case report describes the occurrence of Marek’s disease (MD) observed in a breeder chicken flock reared southeast of Sicily. MD outbreak occurred from 32 to 47 weeks with an increase in weekly mortality rate (+0.4–0.6%). Overall, mortality rate related to Marek’s disease was about 6% at the end of the cycle. Carcasses of chickens found during the occurrence of disease underwent necropsy, and tissues were collected to confirm the infection. Gizzard, cecal tonsil, intestine, spleen and tumor mass were collected and analyzed from a carcass of one hen, 32 weeks old and apparently asymptomatic. Multiplex real-time PCR performed on spleen tissues detected the presence of MD virus pathogenic strain. Macroscopic and microscopic evaluation of the rest of the samples confirmed the neoplastic disease. Moreover, the immunophenotype of the tumor cells was identified as CD3 positive by immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. The vaccinated flock had become rapidly infected with the MD virus, which proves that the challenge of the MD virus was too strong in the rearing house at the beginning of the cycle, causing the outbreak.

scholarly journals Resistance to Marek's Disease Herpesvirus-induced Lymphoma is Multiphasic and Dependent on Host Genotype

2001 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. Burgess ◽  
B. H. Basaran ◽  
T. F. Davison
Keyword(s):  
Rank Order ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Antigen Expression ◽  
Marek's Disease ◽  
Transformed Cells ◽  
Marek’S Disease ◽  
Host Genotype ◽  
Time Line ◽  
Cell Numbers ◽  
Infiltrating Cells

Genotype-dependent differences in Marek's disease (MD) susceptibility were identified using 14-day-old line N and 61 (resistant) and 15I and 72 (susceptible) inbred chickens infected with HPRS-16 MD virus (MDV). All line 72 chickens developed progressive MD. Line 15I had fluctuating MD-specific clinical signs and individuals recovered. A novel histologic scoring system enabled indices to be calculated for lymphocyte infiltration into nonlymphoid organs. All genotypes had increased mean lesion scores (MLSs) and mean total lesion scores after MDV infection. These differed quantitatively and qualitatively between the genotypes. Lines 61 and 72 had a similar MLS distribution in the cytolytic phase, although scores were greater in line 72. At the time lymphomas were visible in line 72, histologic lesions in line 61 were regressing. AV37+ cells were present in similar numbers in all genotypes in the cytolytic phase, suggesting that neoplastically transformed cells were present in all genotypes regardless of MD susceptibility. After the cytolytic phase, AV37+ cell numbers increased in lines 72 and 15I but decreased in lines 61 and N. In the cytolytic and latent phases, in all genotypes, most infiltrating cells were CD4+. After this time, line 72 and 15I lesions increased in size and most cells were CD4+; line 61 and N lesions decreased in size and most cells were CD8+. In all genotypes, AV37 immunostaining was weak in lesions with many CD8+ cells, suggesting that AV37 antigen expression or AV37+ cells were controlled by CD8+ cells. The rank order, determined by clinical signs and pathology, for MD susceptibility (highest to lowest) was 72 > 15I > 61 > N.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document