A Case-control Study of Factors Associated with HIV Infection on Southern Brazilian Elders

A case-control study assessed factors associated with HIV infection among cases (59 persons aged 50 years or older at HIV diagnosis) and controls (59 self-reported uninfected persons aged 50 years and older) from Southern Brazil. Participants answered a 142–item questionnaire that included queries on demographic characteristics, sexual behavior, substance use, and knowledge about HIV/AIDS. The participants' age ranged from 50 to 87 years and 75.4% were women. A multivariate analysis demonstrated that cases had higher odds of being male, having lower incomes, and reporting STDs. The study reinforces that HIV infection among the population aged 50 years and older is related to demographic characteristics and sexual behavior. Once mainly prevalent among younger persons, HIV/AIDS is now manifesting increasingly in older adults. This indicates the need for health care professionals to not overlook important aspects of older persons’ lives. Sexuality, for example, is an important part of the life cycle. It cannot be ignored in this population.

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Risk factors associated with Tuberculosis (TB) among people living with HIV/AIDS: A pair-matched case-control study in Guangxi, China

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0173976 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. e0173976 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Zhezhe Cui ◽

Mei Lin ◽

Shaofa Nie ◽

Rushu Lan

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Matched Case ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

Matched Case Control Study ◽

Control Study ◽

Hiv Aids

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Determinants of Tuberculosis Among HIV Infected Adults in Horro Guduru Wollega Zone, West Ethiopia: A Facility-Based Case-Control Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-85008/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Zelalem Belay Adugna ◽

Belachew Etana Tolessa ◽

Mekdes Tigistu Yilma

Keyword(s):

Protective Effect ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Case Control ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Factors Associated ◽

The Past ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

Control Study ◽

Hiv Aids

Abstract Background: Tuberculosis is a contagious air born disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis species and the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among people living with HIV/AIDS worldwide. Globally, it causes ill-health among millions of people living with HIV/AIDS each year. Objective: To identify determinants of Tuberculosis among HIV infected adults in public health facilities, in Horro Guduru Wollega Zone, 2019. Methods: Unmatched case-control study was conducted among 127 cases and 255 controls which were selected using systematic random sampling technique. Data were collected by record review and through face to face interview. Then, analysis was done using SPSS version 25.To identify determinants of tuberculosis multivariable logistic regression was employed. Adjusted odds ratio was calculated with 95 % CI to show strength of association and P-value < 0.05 was used to declare statistical significance.Results: - A total of 127 cases and 255 controls were participated into the study with 97.2% response rate. Aged ≥35 years [ AOR= 2.63, 95% CI(1.29,5.36)], alcohol consumption [AOR=3.34,95%CI(1.68,6.99)], Having CD4 cells <200 [AOR=3.67, 95% CI (1.5, 9.1)], Having Haemoglobin <11g/dl [AOR=3.77, 95%CI(1.84,7.72)], Imprisoned in the past 2 years [AOR=4.22, 95%CI(1.56, 11.37)], Living with TB patients in the same house [AOR=14.97, 95% CI(1.99, 21.63)] were factors associated with TB among HIV infected adults. Importantly, using Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis [AOR=0.193, 95% CI(0.81,0.46)] had a protective effect from acquiring TB. Conclusion and Recommendation: Being in old age, alcohol use, Chewing khat, Having CD4cells <200, Advanced WHO clinical stage, Hgb <11g/dl, Imprisoned in the past 2 years, History of previous TB and living with TB patients in the same house were factors associated with TB/HIV co-infection. Using Cotrimoxazole had a protective effect from acquiring TB/HIV co-infection. For most of these determinants interventions can be made at individual and institutional levels, whereas, some factors need societal level integrations.

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