scholarly journals Characterization of municipalities with high road traffic fatality rates using macro level data and the CART algorithm

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cintia Isabel De Campos ◽  
Murilo Castanho Dos Santos ◽  
Cira Souza Pitombo
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Regression Tree ◽  
Classification And Regression Tree ◽  
Macro Level ◽  
Traffic Fatality ◽  
Level Data ◽  
The Government ◽  
Cart Algorithm

Road traffic accidents occur daily caused by different factors leading to varying degrees of injury severity. Considering this, many studies have been developed to identify and understand these factors to implement preventive actions. A Decision Tree (DT) is one of the techniques that can generate classifications and predictions by detecting a priori unknown patterns. This study aims to identify the characteristics of municipalities with high and very high fatality rates caused by traffic accidents, using a macro level dataset and a DT algorithm (CART - Classification And Regression Tree). Therefore, macro level data from the municipalities of São Paulo state (Brazil) were used, such as demographic and socioeconomic data, fatality rates and other variables related to traffic. The results indicated the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) as the most important variable, and the municipalities were characterized mainly considering the size of the highway network and vehicle fleet (trucks, minibuses, cars, motorcycles). These characteristics could provide support to the government to plan mitigating actions in municipalities with the highest tendency to high traffic fatality rates.

Using Classification and Regression Tree in Forecasting Injury Severity of Intoxicated Driving Cases in Taiwan

2011 ◽  
Vol 145 ◽  
pp. 349-353
Author(s):  
Kuang Yang Kou ◽  
Jo Ting Wei ◽  
Hsin Hung Wu ◽  
Yu Huei Liu
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Regression Tree ◽  
Classification And Regression Tree ◽  
Police Agency ◽  
Department Of Health ◽  
Classification And Regression ◽  
National Police

Accidents and adverse effects was the sixth leading cause of death in Taiwan in 2008 provided by Department of Health, Executive Yuan, Taiwan. Based on Statistics of Police Administration released by National Police Agency, Ministry of Interior, Taiwan, the case of intoxicated driving accidents accounts for more than 19% in fatal traffic accidents from 2006 to 2009. Moreover, the cause in intoxicated driving accidents ranks first among thirteen causes. As a result, intoxicated driving accident is one of the critical reasons to cause death and often results in serious casualties.

scholarly journals IDENTIFYING THE KEY RISK FACTORS OF TRAFFIC ACCIDENT INJURY SEVERITY ON SLOVENIAN ROADS USING A NON-PARAMETRIC CLASSIFICATION TREE

Transport ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 272-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vesna Rovšek ◽  
Milan Batista ◽  
Branko Bogunović
Keyword(s):  
Human Error ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Classification Tree ◽  
Classification And Regression Tree ◽  
Importance Measure ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Parametric Classification ◽  
Cart Algorithm ◽  
Non Parametric

From both a practical and economic point of view, road transport meets almost all the requirements of modern life, but it is also a source of numerous negative effects, including traffic accidents. In order to design a safe transport system and achieve the ‘zero vision’ goal – no serious injuries or fatalities in traffic accidents – there is a growing need for a systematic approach to this problem. Prior to the assessment of any accident prevention measure it is necessary to identify the most important factors and significant patterns which affect the severity of accidents and injuries. In this study, the crash data from Slovenia pertaining to the period 2005–2009 were analysed with a Classification and Regression Tree (CART) algorithm, one of the most widely applied data mining technique when analysing a large amount of data with several independent quantitative or qualitative variables. Before building a non-parametric classification tree, the data were split into three totally separate subsets, the training set, the testing set, and the evaluation set. Moreover, using the Variable Importance Measure (VIM) the factor of influence of nine independent variables on the target variables were calculated. The results confirm that traffic accidents and injuries on Slovenian roads are caused by a combination of factors, the most important of them being human error, or more precisely, speeding and driving in the wrong lane.

scholarly journals Improving the timeliness and accuracy of injury severity data in road traffic accidents in an emerging economy setting

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-146
Author(s):  
Carlos Lam ◽  
Chang-I Chen ◽  
Chia-Chang Chuang ◽  
Chia-Chieh Wu ◽  
Shih-Hsiang Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Emerging Economy ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents

Children and Terror Casualties Receive Preference in ICU Admissions

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kobi Peleg ◽  
Michael Rozenfeld ◽  
Eran Dolev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Trauma Centers ◽  
Severe Injuries ◽  
Level I ◽  
Hospital Emergency Departments ◽  
Trauma Type

ABSTRACTObjective: Trauma casualties caused by terror-related events and children injured as a result of trauma may be given preference in hospital emergency departments (EDs) due to their perceived importance. We investigated whether there are differences in the treatment and hospitalization of terror-related casualties compared to other types of injury events and between children and adults injured in terror-related events.Methods: Retrospective study of 121 608 trauma patients from the Israel Trauma Registry during the period of October 2000-December 2005. Of the 10 hospitals included in the registry, 6 were level I trauma centers and 4 were regional trauma centers. Patients who were hospitalized or died in the ED or were transferred between hospitals were included in the registry.Results: All analyses were controlled for Injury Severity Score (ISS). All patients with ISS 1-24 terror casualties had the highest frequency of intensive care unit (ICU) admissions when compared with patients after road traffic accidents (RTA) and other trauma. Among patients with terror-related casualties, children were admitted to ICU disproportionally to the severity of their injury. Logistic regression adjusted for injury severity and trauma type showed that both terror casualties and children have a higher probability of being admitted to the ICU.Conclusions: Injured children are admitted to ICU more often than other age groups. Also, terror-related casualties are more frequently admitted to the ICU compared to those from other types of injury events. These differences were not directly related to a higher proportion of severe injuries among the preferred groups.(Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2012;6:14–19)

scholarly journals Lockdown 1.0 mishaps in Bangalore: an observational study on head and neck injuries

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 1100
Author(s):  
Smitha S. G. ◽  
Suhasini Hanumaiah ◽  
Arunima Sheeja
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Neck Injuries ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Government

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The government of India imposed a nationwide lockdown from 24 March to 14 April 2020, to contain the highly contagious corona virus. The aim of the study was to reflect upon the psychosocial impact of lockdown 1.0 on the population in terms of assaults, self-inflicted injuries and road traffic accidents during the 21 days of lockdown.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This was a prospective observational study done in KIMS hospital and research centre during nation-wide lockdown 1.0 i.e. from 24 March to 14 April 2020. Patients who visited emergency medicine department with history of assault, self-inflicted injuries, road traffic accidents sustaining injuries to ear, nose, neck and other regions of the face were included in the study.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> A total of 32 patients who sustained injuries in the head and neck region during the 21-day lockdown period and came to our institution were included. Out of the 32 injuries, 6 injuries were to the ear, 12 to nose,5 to the neck region and 9 to other facial regions. There were 18 assault cases causing head and neck injuries,3 were self-inflicted wounds and rest were injuries due to road traffic accidents.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Several problems emerged following the forced quarantine to combat COVID-19. These inexorable circumstances which are beyond normal experience, lead to stress, anxiety and a feeling of helplessness in all. There is a need to ameliorate people’s access to mental health support services geared towards providing measures for developing healthy coping mechanisms during such crisis.</p>

scholarly journals Analysis of the Risk Factors Affecting the Severity of Traffic Accidents on Spanish Crosstown Roads: The Driver’s Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 2237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Casado-Sanz ◽  
Begoña Guirao ◽  
Maria Attard
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Policy Support ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Traffic Volumes ◽  
New Vision

Globally, road traffic accidents are an important public health concern which needs to be tackled. A multidisciplinary approach is required to understand what causes them and to provide the evidence for policy support. In Spain, one of the roads with the highest fatality rate is the crosstown road, a particular type of rural road in which urban and interurban traffic meet, producing conflicts and interference with the population. This paper contributes to the previous existing research on the Spanish crosstown roads, providing a new vision that had not been analyzed so far: the driver’s perspective. The main purpose of the investigation is to identify the contributing factors that increment the likelihood of a fatal outcome based on single-vehicle crashes, which occurred on Spanish crosstown roads in the period 2006-2016. In order to achieve this aim, 1064 accidents have been analyzed, applying a latent cluster analysis as an initial tool for the fragmentation of crashes. Next, a multinomial logit (MNL) model was applied to find the most important factors involved in driver injury severity. The statistical analysis reveals that factors such as lateral crosstown roads, low traffic volumes, higher percentages of heavy vehicles, wider lanes, the non-existence of road markings, and finally, infractions, increase the severity of the drivers’ injuries.

scholarly journals High Mortality from Major Vascular Trauma in Traffic Accidents: A Population-Based Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 109 (4) ◽  
pp. 328-335
Author(s):  
B. K. Johannesdottir ◽  
U. Johannesdottir ◽  
T. Jonsson ◽  
S. H. Lund ◽  
B. Mogensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Vascular Trauma ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
New Injury Severity Score ◽  
Discharged Patients ◽  
Discharge From Hospital

Background and Aims: Injuries involving major arteries are an important cause of mortality and morbidity, most often from road traffic accidents. Our aim was to study the outcome of major vascular trauma from traffic accidents in an entire population, including patients who die at the scene and those who reach hospital alive. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of all patients who sustained major vascular trauma in traffic accidents in Iceland from 2000 to 2011. Patient demographics, mechanism, and location of vascular injury and treatment were registered. Injury scores were calculated and overall survival estimated. Results: There were 62 individuals (mean age 44 years, 79% males) with 95 major vascular traumas, giving an incidence of 1.69/100,000 inhabitants (95% confidence interval: 1.27–2.21). A total of 33 died at the scene and 8 during transportation to hospital but 21 (34%) reached hospital alive. Most patients who succumbed had thoracic major vascular traumas (76%) or abdominal major vascular traumas (23%). Mean new injury severity score for the 21 admitted patients was 44. A total of 18 were operated with vascular repair, 3 with endovascular stent graft insertion. The mean hospital stay for discharged patients was 34 days. Altogether, 15 of the 62 patients (24%) survived to discharge from hospital, with a 5-year survival of 86% for discharged patients. Conclusion: Every other patient with major vascular trauma following traffic accidents died at the scene and a further 13% died during transportation to hospital, most of whom sustained major vascular trauma to the thoracic aorta. However, one-third of the patients reached hospital alive and 71% of them survived to discharge, with excellent long-term survival.

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