scholarly journals Selection of Indigenous Algal Species for Potential Biodiesel Production

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinaya Tiwari ◽  
Alok Das ◽  
Shallu Thakur ◽  
Rakesh Kumar Trivedi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Algal Species ◽  
Fuel Properties ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles ◽  
Algal Strain ◽  
Green Algal ◽  
Carbon Neutral ◽  
Selection Of

Currently, India utilizes an enormous amount of fossil fuels and a major quantity of fossil fuels are imported from other countries. It’s a giant load on the Indian Economy. The burning of fossil fuels causes global warming. Carbon neutral, renewable fuels are essential for environmental protection and it’s economically sustainable for India. Biofuels attention day by day due to a rise in energy demands and environmental concerns. Biodiesel produced from algal oil a possible renewable and carbon-neutral substitute to fossil fuels. The feasibility of the algal-based biodiesel industry depends on the selection of adequate species regarding commercial oil yields and oil quality. Present research work to bioprospecting and screening of 19 algal and blue-green algal species, the oil percentage and the fatty acid profiles, used for analyzing the biodiesel fuel properties. Oil from Tolypothrix phyllophila algal strain and compared it with another eighteen algal and blue-green algal strains from different literature. Tolypothrix phyllophila algal strain contains approximately 12.6% lipid on a dry weight basis. We also compared the FAME profile of 19 algal and blue-green algal strains and calculated and compared the fuel properties such as cetane number, Iodine Value, etc. of the biodiesel derived from these algal and blue-green algal oils based on chain length and saturation. We also investigated the 19 algal and blue-green algal fatty acid profiles and its suitability for biodiesel production and strains selection through PROMETHEE (Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluations) and GAIA (geometrical analysis for interactive aid) analysis.

scholarly journals Microalgal Species Selection for Biodiesel Production Based on Fuel Properties Derived from Fatty Acid Profiles

Energies ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 5676-5702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Islam ◽  
Marie Magnusson ◽  
Richard Brown ◽  
Godwin Ayoko ◽  
Md. Nabi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fuel Properties ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Species Selection ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Microalgal Species

scholarly journals Monitoring of Biochemical Compounds and Fatty Acid in Marine Microalgae from the East Coast of Thailand

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 334-347
Author(s):  
Kwanchayanawish MACHANA ◽  
Amonrat KANOKRUNG ◽  
Sirinart SRICHAN ◽  
Boonyadist VONGSAK ◽  
Maliwan KUTAKO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Predictive Accuracy ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Ft Ir

Determinations of fatty acid profiles of five microalgae; Amphora sp., Chaetoceros sp., Melosira sp., Bellerochae sp., and Lithodesmium sp., from the east coast of Thailand were evaluated by conventional Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID). The results exhibited that the fatty acids suitable for biodiesel production were the most frequent entities encountered in all microalgae profiles. The GC chromatogram of fatty acid profiles in microalgae showed that both Amphora sp. and Chaetoceros sp. comprised essential omega-3 fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Additionally, this study assessed whether Fourier Transform infrared (FT-IR) microspectroscopy could be used to evaluate and monitor the biochemical compositions of microalgae, including lipid, carbohydrate, and protein profiles, by using colorimetric methods. Results showed that FT-IR spectra combined with biochemical values of lipid, carbohydrate, and protein contents were used as predictive models generated by partial least square (PLS) regression. Cross-validation of the lipid, protein, and carbohydrate models showed high degrees of statistical accuracy with RMSECV values of approximately 0.5 - 3.22 %, and a coefficient of regression between the actual and predicted values of lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins were 92.66, 95.73, and 96.43 %, respectively. The RPD values were all high (> 3), indicating good predictive accuracy. This study suggested that FT-IR could be a tool for the simultaneous measurement of microalgae composition of biochemical contents in microalgae cells.

Biodiesel Production from the High Free Fatty Acid “Hevea brasiliensis” and Fuel Properties Characterization

2014 ◽  
Vol 625 ◽  
pp. 897-900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junaid Ahmad ◽  
Suzana Yusup ◽  
Awais Bokhari ◽  
Ruzaimah Nik Mohammad Kamil
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Fuel Properties ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Modern World ◽  
High Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Rubber Seed Oil ◽  
Rubber Seed

Energy crises, depletion of fossil fuel reservoirs, environmental pollution, global warming, green house effect and starvation are becoming very serious problems in the modern world. Biodiesel is a liquid fuel which can be the best alternative for the fossil fuels. In this study, non-edible rubber seed oil (RSO) with high free fatty acid (FFA) content (45%) was used for the production of biodiesel. The process comprises of two steps, in the first step acid esterification was used to reduce the FFA and in the second step base transesterification was employed to convert the treated oil into rubber seed oil methyl esters (RSOMEs). The conversion yield of biodiesel was analyzed using gas chromatography. The fuel properties were tested using the standard procedure of ASTM D6751 and EN14214. All the properties were within the ranges of the biodiesel standards. The result shows that rubber seed oil is a potential non-edible source for biodiesel production.

High Oleic Sunflower: Studies on Composition and Desaturation of Acyl Groups in Different Lipids and Organs

1990 ◽  
Vol 45 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 166-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra Sperling ◽  
Ute Hammer ◽  
Wolfgang Friedt ◽  
Ernst Heinz
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Electron Transport ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles ◽  
High Oleic ◽  
Oleate Desaturase ◽  
Electron Transport Chains ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract A selection of lipids from achenes, cotyledons after germination, roots and leaves of normal and high oleic varieties of sunflower were analyzed with regard to their fatty acid profiles. The lipids included triacylglycerol and phosphatidylcholine as ER-made components and mono-and digalactosyl diacylglycerol as plastid-localized glycolipids. A comparison of fatty acid pat­ terns showed that the block in oleate desaturation of the high oleic variety is confined to the ER of fat accumulating embryos, but that upon germination the oleate desaturation in the cotyledonary ER is rapidly derepressed. These data are supported by enzymatic experiments. In microsomes from maturing fruits of the high oleic variety oleoyl-phosphatidylcholine desaturase could not be detected, whereas o leoyl-CoA : lyso-phosphatidylcholine acyltransferase and components of the microsomal electron transport chains were not affected. A correlation in the expression of desaturation blocks in seed and root fatty acids as observed in mutants of other species was not observed which, therefore, cannot be generalized. Our data are discussed in terms of the existence of two ER-specific oleate desaturase activities.

scholarly journals EDITORIAL

2007 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 02
Author(s):  
J. V. C. Vargas
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Sugar Cane ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Global Demand ◽  
Oil Productivity ◽  
Carbon Neutral ◽  
Near Future

Fossil fuels are currently recognized as unsustainable because of depleting supplies and the contribution of these fuels to the accumulation of carbon dioxide in the environment. Therefore, renewable, carbon neutral, alternative fuels are necessary for environmental and economic sustainability. Several countries have been considering the use of alternative fuels derived from agriculture. In that context, ethanol derived from sugar-cane and/or corn crops, and biodiesel derived from oil crops are potential renewable and carbon neutral alternatives to fossil fuels. Unfortunately, fuel from crops, waste and animal fat cannot realistically satisfy even a small fraction of the existing global demand for fuels. In Brazil, the government has been subsiding ethanol from sugar-cane crops for more than 30 years, and together with research investment on oil off-shore exploration, the initiative made possible for the country, at least for the moment, to become energy self sufficient, but due to oil supplies depletion, that scenery will change in the near future. Another limiting factor is cost. For example, the economic aspect of biodiesel production limits its development and large-scale use. Biodiesel usually costs almost twice the price per liter of conventional diesel fuel, currently in the US.Apart from economic aspects, it is clear that biofuel production technology needs to be improved to meet global fuel demand rate. One possible direction is the use of microalgae, that appear to be the only source of renewable biodiesel that is capable of meeting the diesel fuel global demand. Like plants, microalgae use sunlight to produce oils but they do so more efficiently than crop plants. Oil productivity of many microalgae greatly exceeds the oil productivity of the best producing oil crops.Approaches for making microalgal biodiesel economically competitive therefore need to be developed.The mission of Engenharia Térmica is to document the scientific progress in areas related to energy, particularly oil and renewables. We are confident we will continue to receive articles’ submissions that help enable sustainable energy solutions in the near future.

scholarly journals Differentiation of Symphytum Species Using RAPD and Seed Fatty Acid Patterns

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1000500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamer Özcan
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles ◽  
Morphological Descriptors ◽  
Rapd Primer ◽  
Fatty Acid Patterns ◽  
Genotypic Characteristics ◽  
Selection Of

RAPD and fatty acid profiles, and α-tocoferol contents of the seeds of some Symphytum species were analyzed for their differentiation. Discriminative patterns were found in the examined species. Genotypic characteristics of three Symphytum species were experienced using 20 decamer RAPD primers. The majority of band positions varied between species. The total amplified products of 20 RAPD primers was 247 (average of 12.35 bands per primer), of which 189 bands were polymorphic, corresponding to nearly 76.1% genetic diversity. The number of bands for each RAPD primer varied from 8 (UBC320) to 18 (OPA7). The percent of polymorphic bands ranged from 45.4% (OPJ20) to 93.3% (OPA16). Major unsaturated fatty acids in the seeds were linoleic, γ-linolenic and oleic acids; α-linolenic and eicosenoic acids exhibited lower levels. Variations in quantities and total ratios of fatty acid groups, and α-tocopherol contents were also observed between the species, and the developmental stages of the seeds. Significant differences were found for the whole series of fatty acids between species, in addition to the calculated ratios ( p < 0.05). Differences were also significant for fatty acid traits between two developmental stages of the seeds of endemic S. pseudobulbosum ( p < 0.05). In some morphological descriptors of the seeds, difference was found at a significant level ( p < 0.05). Obtained data based on genetic and biochemical variations seem to be useful for molecular delimitation of Symphytum, in addition to selection of the genotypes expressing a high amount of GLA.

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