scholarly journals Prevalence, Resistance Profile & Virulence Genes of Streptococcus agalactiae Colonizing Near-term Pregnant Women Attending Ain Shams University Hospital

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noha G. Abdallah ◽  
Faten M. Ali ◽  
Lamiaa A. Adel ◽  
Ahmed M. Elkotb ◽  
Walaa A. Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Latex Agglutination ◽  
Sheep Blood Agar ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Blood Agar ◽  
Sheep Blood ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Test

Group B streptococcus (GBS) is a common cause of infections in pregnant females and non-pregnant adults with chronic diseases (such as diabetes and cancer), also it is the main reason of septicaemia and meningitis in infants. The aim of this study was to figure out how common GBS is in pregnant women, the antimicrobial sensitivity pattern of the isolated GBS colonies and check the presence of scpB and rib virulence genes in these isolates. We screened 203 pregnant women attending the Maternity Hospital of Ain Shams University using vaginal sampling. Isolation was done on CHROMagarTM Strep B & sheep blood agar plates then identified via colony characters, Gram stain, test for catalase production, Christie–Atkins–Munch-Petersen (CAMP) test, test for hippurate hydrolysis and latex agglutination test. This was followed by an antibiotic susceptibility test. Finally, Detection of scpB and rib virulence genes by conventional PCR was done. Our study detected that the prevalence rate of GBS in involved pregnant women was 11.33%. A statistically significant association between colonization and history of spontaneous abortion and preterm labor was observed. CHROMagar™ StrepB showed the same sensitivity of sheep blood agar with extensive effort to isolate suspected GBS colonies from blood agar. GBS was 100% sensitive to levofloxacin, linezolid, cefepime, ceftaroline and ceftriaxone. Also, it was highly sensitive to vancomycin (91.3%). Sensitivity to clindamycin, azithromycin, penicillin and ampicillin was (21.70%, 21.70%,47.80%, 47.80%) respectively. The least sensitivity of GBS was to erythromycin ( 8.7%). All isolates possessed the scpB gene (100%) while only 18 isolates (78.26%) had the rib gene.

scholarly journals Comparison of Various Culture Methods for Isolation of Group B Streptococcus from Intrapartum Vaginal Colonization

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (01) ◽  
pp. 42-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kavitha P Konikkara ◽  
Shrikala Baliga ◽  
Suchitra M Shenoy ◽  
B Bharati
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Sheep Blood Agar ◽  
Blood Agar ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Sheep Blood ◽  
Vaginal Colonization ◽  
Vaginal Swabs ◽  
Group B

ABSTRACT Aims: Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is one of the most common causes of neonatal sepsis throughout the world. Reports of vaginal colonization of GBS in India are few and variable. A study was conducted on pregnant women in a tertiary care hospital to compare various methods for isolation of GBS, to study the prevalence of GBS in pregnant women in third trimester, and to determine risk factors for GBS colonization. Settings and Design: Observational descriptive study. Materials and Methods: High vaginal swabs from 150 pregnant women in their third trimester were used to compare three methods for isolation of GBS viz. direct culture on 5% Sheep Blood agar, direct culture on selective Columbia Blood Agar and culture in LIM enrichment broth with subsequent culture on 5% Sheep Blood agar. A history of associated risk factors was also taken. Statistical Analysis Used: Statistical analysis was performed by Chi–square test. Results: Isolation was best from LIM enrichment broth with subsequent culture on 5% Sheep Blood Agar. Prevalence of GBS colonization by using culture method was 12.67%. Most frequently associated risk factor was intrapartum fever (42.11%). Conclusions: Standard Culture Method using LIM enrichment should be adopted as standard practice for isolation of GBS from vaginal swabs.

scholarly journals Virulence-genes Rib and Bca in Serotypes of Group B Streptococcus (GBS) Isolated from Symptomatic Pregnant Women in East Coast Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayesha Bahez ◽  
Mohammed Imad Al-Deen Mustafa Mahmud ◽  
Hairul Aini Hamzah ◽  
Hanan Hamimi Wahid
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Latex Agglutination ◽  
Suitable Candidate ◽  
Vaginal Swabs ◽  
Invasive Infections ◽  
Group B

INTRODUCTION: Group B streptococcus (GBS) is a leading cause of maternally-acquired invasive infections in neonates. Nowadays maternal immunization is of utmost demand for prevention of these infections. We undertook capsular serotyping and virulence factor genes identification for local GBS isolates as a pilot study, to identify potential candidates to propagate vaccine development. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a descriptive lab -based study to determine GBS serotypes and presence of genes coding virulence factors bca and rib in isolates obtained from symptomatic pregnant women in Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia. Sixty-two GBS isolates from high vaginal swabs were collected. Latex agglutination test was performed to determine GBS serotypes. Real-time PCR was done to determine the presence of virulence genes. RESULTS: Of the 62 GBS isolates, 77.4% were serologically typeable, and 22.6% were non -typeable. Serotypes Ia and Ib (16.1% each) were the most common capsular types, followed by II, V, and VII (9.7% each), III (8.1%), VI (6.5%), and VIII (1.6 %). Furthermore, 67.7% of the isolates harboured the rib gene while 98.4% possessed the bca gene. CONCLUSION: The five known prevalent serotypes worldwide, do not match the CPS distribution in symptomatic pregnant women in Kuantan. However, the frequency of virulence genes rib and bca is high among our isolates, which if confirmed by further bigger and wider studies makes the proteinaceous vaccine, N-terminal domains of Rib and AlpC a suitable candidate for GBS prevention in this geographical area.

scholarly journals Group B streptococcus colonization of pregnant women and their children observed on obstetric and neonatal wards of the University Hospital in Krakow, Poland

2009 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 228-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Strus ◽  
Dorota Pawlik ◽  
Monika Brzychczy-Włoch ◽  
Tomasz Gosiewski ◽  
Krzysztof Rytlewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Molecular Typing ◽  
Horizontal Transmission ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Group B ◽  
Complicated Pregnancy

The study was arranged to assess the actual rates of colonization of pregnant women and their children with group B streptococcus (GBS) in a Polish university hospital. Resistance of these cocci to macrolides and clindamycin was also tested and routes of transmission of GBS were followed in some cases using molecular typing. Colonization with GBS was checked in 340 pregnant women living in the south-eastern region of Poland (Małopolska) in the years 2004–2006. Women with a complicated pregnancy were more often colonized than those with a normal pregnancy (20.0 % versus 17.2 %). Moreover, women with a complicated pregnancy were twice as often colonized with GBS strains with the MLSB phenotype indicating resistance to macrolides and clindamycin. Regarding neonatal colonization by GBS, we found that neonates born from the colonized mothers with a complicated pregnancy were more often colonized with GBS than those from the mothers with a normal pregnancy (35 % versus 26.7 %). By molecular typing of the GBS strains isolated from mothers and their newborns we have been able to suggest the possibility of horizontal transmission of the strains from the hospital environment to newborns. Our results clearly indicate that rates of GBS colonization among pregnant women and neonates in a Polish university hospital have reached levels comparable to those reported in other European clinical centres.

Rapid Streptococcal Tests

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 288-288
Author(s):  
S. DUBOSE RAVENEL ◽  
GREGORY CARL ELLIS ◽  
WILLIAM N. MICHAL
Keyword(s):  
Blood Culture ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Sheep Blood Agar ◽  
Blood Agar ◽  
Practice Setting ◽  
Throat Culture ◽  
Culture Techniques ◽  
Sheep Blood ◽  
Office Practice ◽  
Important Study

Roddey et al have reported an important study on the sensitivity and specificity of the Strep A OIA test compared with two culture techniques—5% sheep blood agar and Todd-Hewitt broth—in an office practice setting. They found the sensitivity and specificity of OIA as compared with sheep blood culture to be 91.4% and 95.6%, and compared with the broth method, 90.4% and 94.1%, respectively. They conclude that the OIA method is preferable for the majority of their patients, but recommend a throat culture be performed in cases with a negative OIA test.

scholarly journals Antibiotic susceptibility pattern of group B streptococcal isolates from maternal genital tract

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 2738
Author(s):  
Vijayan Sharmila ◽  
Thirunavukkarasu Arun Babu
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Group B

Background: Group B streptococcus (GBS) is one of the important cause of early onset neonatal sepsis in developed countries leading to increased neonatal morbidity and mortality. Penicillin and Ampicillin are the drugs of choice for prevention of GBS infections. Antibiotic resistance amongst GBS isolates is an emerging health problem affecting neonates. Hence, this study was performed to determine the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Group B Streptococcus (GBS) in a population of pregnant women.Methods: A prospective study was done to screen pregnant women for vaginal and rectal GBS colonization during their regular visits to antenatal clinic. Todd-Hewitt broth, an enrichment medium for GBS was used for isolation. The antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the isolates were studied.  Results: A total of 300 pregnant women were screened for GBS colonization. GBS colonization rate in our study was 2.3%. The antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the isolates revealed that none of the isolates were resistant to penicillin or clindamycin, while resistance was noted to erythromycin (14.3%) and   tetracycline (71.4%).Conclusions: GBS continues to remain sensitive to Penicillin which is the drug of choice for prevention and treatment of GBS.  Consistent surveillance of antibiotic sensitivity pattern of GBS as well as for other organisms implicated in new born sepsis and maternal infections is required to formulate guidelines for prevention and treatment.

Characterization and antibiogram of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from diarrhoeic and non-diarrhoeic dogs in South Bengal, India

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Banik ◽  
D. P. Isore ◽  
S. N. Joardar ◽  
K. Batabyal ◽  
S. Dey
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Sheep Blood Agar ◽  
Blood Agar ◽  
Enteropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Highly Pathogenic ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Sheep Blood ◽  
Common Serotypes

Diarrhoea in canines is mainly caused by Escherichia coli which can be fatal also. To understand the depth of this infection, a study was undertaken to detect E. coli isolates from diarrhoeic and non-diarrhoeic dogs in Southern part of West Bengal. A total of 112 canine samples were tested during May to September 2012 revealing approx 63.4% (71) samples positive for Escherichia coli. The most common serotypes were O8 (23.9%) followed by O157 (19.7%), O101 (16.9%), O26 (15.5%), O153 (12.7%) and O6 (11.3%). Among these O6, O8, O26 and O157 were highly pathogenic to mice causing almost 100% mortality within 24hrs of inoculation and were also detected to be haemolytic on sheep blood agar plates except serotype O8. These isolates were mostly sensitive to nalidixic acid (80.29%), cotrimoxazole (78.88%), ciprofloxacin (74.65%), colistin and ceftriaxone (both 71.83%) but were resistant to amikacin (97.18%), kanamycin (95.78%), cephalexin (92.96%) and enrofloxacin (84.51%).

scholarly journals Analysis of virulence factors and antibiotic resistance genes in Group B Streptococcus from clinical samples

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond Mudzana ◽  
Rooyen T Mavenyengwa ◽  
Muchaneta Gudza-Mugabe
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Virulence Gene ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Group B

Abstract Background: Streptococcus agalacticae is one of the most important causative agents of serious infections among neonates. Group B Streptococcus (GBS) virulence factors are important in the development of vaccines, whilst antibiotic resistance genes are necessary in understanding the resistance mechanisms used by these pathogens. This study was carried out to identify the virulence genes and antibiotic resistance genes associated with GBS isolated from pregnant women.Methods: A total of 43 GBS isolates were obtained from vaginal samples that were collected from all HIV positive and HIV negative women who were 13-35 weeks pregnant attending Antenatal Care at both Chitungwiza and Harare Central Hospitals in Zimbabwe. Identification tests of GBS isolates was done using standard bacteriological methods including molecular tests. Antibiotic susceptibility testing using 3 antibiotics was done using the modified Kirby-Bauer method. The boiling method was used to extract DNA and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was used to screen for 13 genes in the isolates. Data was fed into SPSS 24.0 and the Spearman rank correlation test used to determine any correlation among genes.Results: Nine distinct virulence gene profiles were identified. The profiles hly-scpB-bca-rib 37.2% (16/43) and hly-scpB-bca 18.6% (8/43) were common among GBS isolates. The following virulence gene frequencies were obtained namely hly 97.8% (42/43), scpB 90.1% (39/43), bca 86.0% (37/43), rib 69.8% (30/43) and bac 11.6% (5/43). Antibiotic resistance genes showed high frequencies for tetM 97.6% (41/42) and low frequencies for ermB 34.5% (10/29), ermTR 10.3% (3/29), mefA 3.4% (1/29), tetO 2.4% (1/42) and linB 0% (0/35). The atr housekeeping gene amplification yielded 100% (43/43) positive results, whilst the mobile genetic element IS1548 yielded a low 9.3% (4/43).Conclusion: The study showed a high prevalence of multiple virulence genes hly, scpB, bca and rib in S. agalactiae strains isolated from pregnant women. Tetracycline resistance was found to be predominantly caused by the tetM gene, whilst macrolide resistance was predominantly due to the presence of erm methylase, with the ermB gene being more prevalent. It was also observed that in vitro phenotypic resistance is not always accurately predicted by resistance genotypes.

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