scholarly journals Testing and Comparative Study on Stainless Steel (SS 316) and Mild Steel (E250 BR IS 2062) performed by TIG, MIG and ARC Welding Processes

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 2469-2473
Author(s):  
Amir R. Sayed
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Mild Steel ◽  
Arc Welding ◽  
Welding Processes

Role of welding processes on microstructure and mechanical properties of nuclear grade stainless steel joints

2019 ◽  
Vol 233 (11) ◽  
pp. 2335-2351 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Rajasekaran ◽  
AK Lakshminarayanan ◽  
M Vasudevan ◽  
P Vasantharaja
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Base Metal ◽  
Arc Welding ◽  
Gas Tungsten Arc Welding ◽  
Nuclear Grade ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Weld Joints ◽  
Gas Tungsten Arc ◽  
Gas Tungsten ◽  
Welding Processes

Nuclear grade 316LN austenitic stainless steel weld joints were fabricated using conventional gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW), activated flux gas tungsten arc welding (AGTAW), laser beam welding (LBW) and friction stir welding (FSW) processes. Assessment of weld beads was done by mechanical and metallurgical characterizations. Bead geometry and weld zones were studied by taking macrographs along the transverse side of the weld joints. Metallurgical features of different weld joints were carried out using optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Microhardness distribution across four weld joints was recorded and hardness variations were compared. All weld zone, heat affected zone (HAZ) of GTAW and LBW, thermo-mechanically affected zone (TMAZ) of FSW processes, exhibited higher hardness values than the base metal. Reduced hardness was recorded at HAZ of AGTAW process. This was the result of a considerable grain growth. LBW joint showed the highest hardness value at the center of the fusion zone due to fine equiaxed dendrite morphology. Tensile and impact properties of different welding processes were evaluated and comparisons were made at room temperature. All weld samples displayed high yield strength (YS) and ultimate tensile strength (UTS) with a lower percentage of elongation compared to that of the base metal. FSW joint showed improved YS, UTS and impact toughness compared to other weld joints. This is attributed to the formation of strain-free fine equiaxed grains at stir zone around 5 µm in size with subgrains of 2 µm in size by severe dynamic recrystallization mechanism. Among the fusion welding techniques, AGTAW process exhibited improved toughness, besides almost equal toughness of the base metal due to low δ-Ferrite with high austenite content. Fractography studies of the base metal and different weld samples were carried out by SEM analysis and features were compared.

Effect of Mechanical Properties and Corrosion Behaviour of Martensitic Stainless Steel 410 1.6mm Butt Welded by Plasma Arc Welding

2019 ◽  
Vol 969 ◽  
pp. 601-606
Author(s):  
M. Sree Arravind ◽  
S. Ramesh Kumar ◽  
S. Senthil Kumaran ◽  
D. Venkateswarlu
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Tensile Test ◽  
Arc Welding ◽  
Martensitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Laser Beam Welding ◽  
Plasma Arc Welding ◽  
Plasma Arc ◽  
Butt Weld ◽  
Welding Processes

Plasma Arc Welding (PAW) is one of the important arc welding processes used in electronics, medical, automotive and aerospace industries due its high accuracy and ability of welding any hard materials which is more tolerant to joint misalignment than Laser Beam Welding (LBW) at a lower cost. Thickness of 1.6mm plates were used to obtain full penetration and a strong joint with a very narrow Heat Affected Zone. The present study deals with the effect of mechanical and corrosion resistance properties of butt welded 1.6 mm thick martensitic stainless steel-similar (SS410 and SS410) joints made by plasma arc welding technique. Similar butt Welded joints were analyzed by using mechanical (Bend test, Erichsen cup test, Tensile test) characterization methods. Their corresponding corrosion resistance properties were also investigated by potentiodynamic polarization corrosion testing technique. The tensile strength was found to be 341 MPa for similar SS410 weld. During tensile test the failure occurred on the base metal on both similar joints Keywords: SS304; SS410; PAW; Butt weld; Erichsen Cup Test; Microstructure.

Effect of Post-Weld Heat Treatment on Hardness in Superduplex Stainless Steel ASTM A890/A890M - Grade 6A

2020 ◽  
Vol 1012 ◽  
pp. 296-301
Author(s):  
Clélia Ribeiro de Oliveira ◽  
Eloá Lopes Maia ◽  
Solange T. da Fonseca ◽  
Marcelo Martins ◽  
Julián Arnaldo Ávila Díaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Arc Welding ◽  
Treatment Condition ◽  
Heat Treatment Condition ◽  
Shielded Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Superduplex Stainless Steel ◽  
Secondary Austenite ◽  
Welding Processes

Superduplex stainless steel alloy exhibit high mechanical and corrosion resistance, which main industrial application is in the petrochemical industry. The manufacture and maintenance of such equipment usually involve welding processes, followed by post-welded heat treatment and it often becomes impossible to apply heat treatments. Thereby, the purpose of this work is to verify the effect of a post-welded heat treatment on shielded metal arc welding in steel grade ASTM A890/A890M - grade 6A. The microstructure in the as-welded condition consisted of austenite, secondary austenite, and ferrite phases and, the post-welded heat treatment condition exhibited only austenite and ferrite. The hardness in the melt zone reached values of 300 HV after welding and, the value was reduced to 260 HV in the post-welded heat treatment condition.

scholarly journals Preliminary Study to Investigate the Distribution and Effects of Certain Metals After Inhalation of Welding Fumes in Mice

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kővágó Csaba ◽  
Barbara Szekeres ◽  
Éva Szűcs-Somlyó ◽  
Kornél Májlinger ◽  
Ákos Jerzsele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Mild Steel ◽  
Gma Welding ◽  
Inhalation Exposure ◽  
Glycogen Metabolism ◽  
Systemic Effect ◽  
Welding Fumes ◽  
Welding Processes ◽  
Mn Concentration ◽  
Sampling Times

Abstract The most important welding processes used are the Gas Metal Arc (GMA) welding, the Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welding, and the Manual Metal Arc (MMA) welding processes. The goal of our investigation was to monitor the distribution of iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) in the lung, spleen, liver, and kidney of mice after inhalation exposure of different welding methods using different steel base materials. The treatment groups were the following: MMA-mild steel, MMA-molybdenum-manganese (MoMn) alloy, TIG-mild steel, and TIG-stainless steel. The samples were taken 24- and 96 hours after the treatments.Most importantly, it was found that the Mn concentration in the lung’ samples of the MMA-mild steel and the MMA-MoMn groups was increased extremely at both sampling times and in the spleen’ samples also. In the TIG groups, the rise of the Mn concentration was only considerable in the lungs and spleens at 24h, and emerged concentration was found in the liver in 96h samples. Histopathology demonstrated emerged siderin content in the spleens of the treated animals and in siderin filled macrophages in the lungs mostly in all treated groups. Traces of high-level glycogen retention was found in the MMA groups at both sampling times. Similar glycogen retention in TIG-Ms and TIG stainless group’s liver samples and emerged number of vacuoles, especially in the hepatocytes of the TIG-stainless steel 96h group were also found.The mentioned results raise the consequence that there is a considerable difference in the kinetics of the Mn distribution between the MMA- and the TIG-fume treated groups. Hence, the result suggests that manganese has a particle-size dependent toxico-kinetics property. The anomaly of the glycogen metabolism indicates the systemic effect of the welding fumes. Also, the numerous vacuoles mentioned above show a possible liver-specific adverse effect of some components of the TIG-stainless steel welding fumes.

Effect of Small Amount of Bismuth on Corrosion Resistibility of Austenitic Stainless Steel Weld Metals

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuhiro Hara ◽  
Keisuke Shiga ◽  
Nobuo Nakazawa
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Weld Metal ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Arc Welding ◽  
Steel Weld ◽  
Weld Metals ◽  
Stainless Steel Weld ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel Weld ◽  
Welding Processes

Flux-cored are welding (FCAW) has increased recently because of high welding efficiency. However, a small amount of bismuth in the weld metals was a residue from the flux component that was added for improving slag detachability. The effect of small amount of bismuth in austenitic stainless steel weld metal on corrosion behavior in wet corrosion environment is not adequately clear because there is little reported to date. In the present research, the effect of bismuth which remained in the weld metal on the corrosion behavior of 308-type weld metal in wet corrosive solution was examined by using different bismuth containing weld metal. Measurement of the anodic polarization curve in a sulfuric acid solution, determination of pitting potential and conducting stress corrosion cracking (SCC) tests in a chloride solution, and implementation of boiling nitric add solution tests were conducted. In addition, the corrosion behavior of the FCAW weld metal was compared with that of Bi-free weld metals by shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) and gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) to clarify how the corrosion behavior varies between the welding processes. In this research, no noticeable adverse effect of bismuth remained in the 308-type austenitic FCAW weld metals was observed in corrosion test.

Assessment of biological chromium among stainless steel and mild steel welders in relation to welding processes

1997 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 237-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Edmé ◽  
P. Shirali ◽  
M. Mereau ◽  
A. Sobaszek ◽  
C. Boulenguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Mild Steel ◽  
Welding Processes

scholarly journals Sensitization and Corrosion of 409M Ferritic Stainless Steel by Different Welding Processes

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 3904-3911
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Ferritic Stainless Steel ◽  
Arc Welding ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Chemical Exposure ◽  
Constant Current ◽  
Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Acidic Environments ◽  
Welding Processes

The aim of this research work was to analyze the sensitization due to the effect of welding (Shielded Metal Arc Welding, Gas Tungsten Arc Welding & Gas Metal Arc Welding) heat in heat affected zone area in terms of metallurgical properties, mechanical properties and corrosion of base metal comparatively. Also the effect of different chemicals / acidic environments on tensile properties was investigated. The plates of 3 mm thickness of 409M Ferritic Stainless Steel welded at constant current of 90A by three different welding processes with the same filler metal. The microstructure observation was made after Marble reagent chemical etched. Then tensile properties were investigated and comparative analysis done between the tensile properties i.e. before and after the chemical exposure given to it with the parent metal. After completion of experimental work it is found that SMAW, GMAW and GTAW have affected the microstructure of 409M Ferritic Stainless Steel. Due to the acidic environments/ Chemical exposures the strength and ductility of the metal affects. But comparatively GTAW has shown better process than GMAW and SMAW for welding of 409M Ferritic Stainless Steel. It should be used with caution in sulphuric acid environments than chloride environments to resist corrosion.

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