PERCEPTION OF TIME AMONG COLLEGE STUDENTS AND RESIDENTS OF A METROPOLITAN COMMUNITY

1979 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fredrick Koenig
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
Perception Of Time ◽  
The City

A sample of college undergraduates and a sample of residents in the city in which the college is located were asked to draw three circles representing the past, present, and future. Among the college students, 52% indicated future dominance by drawing the future circle largest, while only 44% of the residents of the city did so. Relatedness was indicated by 54% of the students who drew circles that were touching, overlapping, or concentric, while only 11% of the city residents did so. A segment of 14% of the metropolitan sample could not respond to the test at all, but all of the college students were able to.

Perception of Time and Cigarette Smoking among College Students

1972 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 621-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fredrick Koenig
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
Perception Of Time ◽  
Temporal Dominance

340 undergraduate students were asked to draw three circles representing the past, present, and the future. Temporal dominance was measured by the size of the circles, temporal relatedness was indicated by whether the circles were not separated in space. Non-smokers tended to draw circles that were future dominant and temporally related.

Time and the Testator, 1370–1540

2002 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 133-144
Author(s):  
Judith Middleton-Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Late Medieval ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Past ◽  
Late Middle Ages ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Perception Of Time ◽  
Limited Duration ◽  
At Will

There were many ways in which the late medieval testator could acknowledge time. Behind each testator lay a lifetime of memories and experiences on which he or she drew, recalling the names of those ‘they had fared the better for’, those they wished to remember and by whom they wished to be remembered. Their present time was of limited duration, for at will making they had to assemble their thoughts and their intentions, make decisions and appoint stewards, as they prepared for their time ahead; but as they spent present time arranging the past, so they spent present time laying plans for the future. Some testators had more to bequeath, more time to spare: others had less to leave, less time to plan. Were they aware of time? How did they control the future? In an intriguing essay, A. G. Rigg asserts that ‘one of the greatest revolutions in man’s perception of the world around him was caused by the invention, sometime in the late thirteenth century, of the mechanical weight-driven clock.’ It is the intention of this paper to see how men’s (and women’s) perception of time in the late Middle Ages was reflected in their wills, the most personal papers left by ordinary men and women of the period.

The Roman Imperial Cult in Smyrna

Belleten ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 76 (276) ◽  
pp. 385-402
Author(s):  
Murat Kılıç
Keyword(s):  
Hellenistic Period ◽  
Historical Process ◽  
Imperial Cult ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Right ◽  
Rising Power ◽  
First Time ◽  
The City

The origins of the imperial cult in Smyrna date back to the Hellenistic period. It is a fact that political concerns were effective in the generation of such cults. Predicting the super power of the future and proving to be a loyal ally whilst acting in satisfactory behaviors were essential factors. The right preference made between two fighting or contending powers ensured that a city would benefit from various privileges in the future. For example, Symrna, which had established a cult in the city previously on behalf of Stratonice, the mother of Antiochus II of Seleucid dynasty, would do the same by building a temple in the name of the dty of Rome for the first time in Asia in 195 BC, after recognizing the rising power. Later on, while giving permission to the provinces that wanted to establish an imperial cult, the Roman emperors and the Senate would consider first, their relationships with Rome in the past and second, their origins. Smyrna, building its relationships with the Roman state on a solid basis, was granted the title of neokoros three times by the Roman Emperors Tiberius, Hadrianus and Caracalla, respectively. In this essay, the development of the Roman imperial cult in Smyrna is discussed within the historical process outlined above. An attempt has been made to put forth new opinions about the issue by discussing the academicians' evaluations on the imperial cult, which apparently was effectively executed in Smyrna between the first and third centuries AD, with the support of epigraphic and numismatic evidences.

scholarly journals A Blueprint for Recovery

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazanin Sepehry-Rad
Keyword(s):  
Built Environments ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
Past Experiences ◽  
The City

Built environments inevitably serve as grand mnemonic elements that contain and transmit layers of culture and history. Failing to acknowledge the significance of difficult memories in the identity and culture of cities induces the gradual erosion of history as well as preventing movement toward a better future. In order to preserve the latent value in the identity of the city, architectural strategies should be implemented by which forgotten memories and hidden traces could be recalled to conscious narration. Recalling a story from the past, intentionally or unconsciously forgotten as a form of amnesia, can help re-contextualize memory images that awaken within us a new avenue to the future. This thesis intends to refine the dynamics of remembrance, illuminating the power of architecture as a medium for providing frames of perception and horizons of understanding of past experiences.

Creating an enabling environment for urban tourism development: the future of Bangkok.

2021 ◽  
pp. 147-158
Author(s):  
Louisa Yee-Sum Lee ◽  
Philip L. Pearce
Keyword(s):  
Present State ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Urban Tourism ◽  
The Past ◽  
Enabling Environment ◽  
The Future ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Public Sectors ◽  
The City ◽  
Depth Interviews

Abstract This chapter considers tourism development in Bangkok from the past to the present, and then ventures on to examine the city's future. The analysis introduces how the evolution of the city, its urbanization and the overall growth of Thai tourism more generally have shaped the present state of Bangkok. The chapter draws on existing literature augmented by in-depth interviews; specifically, six significant and influential interviewees from both the private and public sectors of Bangkok help reveal how the past and present are shaping the future of tourism in the city.

scholarly journals CONSTRUCTION RIPPLE PHENOMENON AND THE RISE OF ‘GENERIC BUILDINGS’ IN YOGYAKARTA

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Trias Mahendarto
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Unique Characteristic ◽  
Planning Stage ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Government ◽  
The City ◽  
Economic Modernization ◽  
Urban Characteristics

Abstract: Starting from the past decade, Indonesia is growing rapidly in the construction of infrastructures that are being fully supported by the government in order to reach the goal of becoming one of the leading countries in the future. Such development created the construction ripple phenomenon that was instigated by the private sector to fill the construction voids left by the rapid development of infrastructure, and it pressurizes cities to grow or change in order to coup with the infrastructure advancements. This phenomenon has affected the cities in Indonesia, even those that are not considered as the planned centers of developments, such as Yogyakarta. Yogyakarta is experiencing the effects of the ripple in the form of the rising number of generic buildings that are spreading fast around the city. This will, in turn, dictate the future of Yogyakarta’s ever-evolving Genius Loci. This research will see how much the construction ripple phenomenon has affected the city of Yogyakarta by conducting surveys on the generic buildings that have been built or in the planning stage of construction. A thorough analysis will be then made, also by conducting literature studies, to conclude the ways and steps to try maintaining Yogyakarta’s unique characteristic as a city in the ever-growing pressure of economic modernization that is currently spreading throughout Indonesia. If these steps are being done correctly, then Yogyakarta can become one of the examples of how cities in Indonesia coup with the construction ripple phenomenon without can losing its unique urban characteristics. Keywords: construction ripple phenomenon, Yogyakarta, Generic buildings, Genius LociAbstrak: Semenjak decade terakhir, Indonesia sedang mengalami perkembangan signifikan di bidang pembangunan infrastuktur yang didukung penuh oleh Pemerintah agar dapat mengejar target untuk menjadi salah satu negara maju di masa depan. Perkembangan tersebut memunculkan fenomena ‘construction ripple’, yang didorong oleh sektor swasta untuk mengisi kekosongan pembangunan karena pemerintah hanya berkonsentrasi pada pembangunan infrastuktur, dan hal tersebut menekan kota-kota untuk berkembang atau berubah. Fenomena ini telah terjadi di berbagai kota di Indonesia, bahkan di kota yang tidak menjadi pusat perkembangan infrastuktur, seperti kota Yogyakarta. Yogyakarta sedang mengalami efek dari fenomena ini dalam bentuk munculnya bangunan generik yang tersebar luas di seluruh kota. Perkembangan ini akan mempengaruhi masa depan Genius Loci kota Yogyakarta, yang terus berevolusi. Penelitian ini melihat sejauh mana bangunan generik mempengaruhi kota Yogyakarta, melalui survey bangunan generik yang terbangun atau sedang dalam proses pembangunan. Analisis mendalam dilakukan, dengan disertai studi literatur, untuk melihat cara menjaga keunikan kota Yogyakarta terhadap tekanan pembangunan yang terus terjadi. Diharapkan kota Yogyakarta menjadi contoh kota-kota di Indonesia menerima efek fenomena ‘construction ripple’ tanpa kehilangan kekhasan.Kata kunci: construction ripple phenomenon, Yogyakarta, bangunan generik, Genius Loci

After Nationalism? Urban History and East European History

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 774-778
Author(s):  
Chad Bryant
Keyword(s):  
Urban History ◽  
European History ◽  
Fin De Siecle ◽  
Final Part ◽  
East European ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
Fin De Siècle ◽  
The City

Urban history in our field has taken many different forms in the past few decades. Many such works, no doubt, have drawn great inspiration from scholars outside our area specialization. Many, however, have looked within our area specialization for inspiration, thus giving urban histories of our region several peculiar characteristics. The first part of this article discusses how urban historians have provided new perspectives on a topic long dear to Eastern Europeanist hearts—nationalism. Here the article looks at the ways in which Gary Cohen’s Politics of Ethnic Survival has influenced how historians have studied nationalism and the city. The second part will briefly survey other forms of urban history that have predominated within the field, many of which recall the questions and approaches first found in Carl Schorske’s Fin-de-siècle Vienna. The final part concludes with some thoughts about what the rise of urban history among Eastern Europeanists might mean for the future our field.

Letter from (the Myth of) Saint Petersburg

PMLA ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 122 (1) ◽  
pp. 340-343
Author(s):  
Carlin Romano
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Revolution ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Structural Analogue ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cigarette Butts ◽  
Aged Woman ◽  
The Future ◽  
Middle Aged Woman ◽  
The City

In modern Russia, Petersburg has been the text in which intellectuals have sought to read the past as an index to the future. The city has functioned in their imaginations as more than a mere city: it has been a mythopoeic space.—Katerina Clark, Petersburg: Crucible of Cultural RevolutionPetersburg has not yet been treated, however, as I propose to do, in terms of a cultural network that cannot be reduced to a single textual structure, as a body of texts that collectively provides a structural analogue for the material city, and not merely an artistic refraction of it.—Julie A. Buckler, Mapping St. Petersburg: Imperial Text and CityshapeAS I WALKED DOWN ULITSA RUBINSTEINA ONE MORNING, A DECREPIT DOOR OPENED, AND A PORTLY MIDDLE-AGED WOMAN STUCK HERSELF out halfway, as if unwilling to make a commitment to the outside world. She held a tray full of cigarette butts, wrappers, and other garbage. She quickly turned it upside down, dumping everything onto the sidewalk, and disappeared inside.

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