The Effect of Temporal Distance on Chinese Undergraduates' Entrepreneurial Decision Making

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (7) ◽  
pp. 1125-1132
Author(s):  
YingHua Ye
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Temporal Distance ◽  
Construal Level ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Distant Future ◽  
Entrepreneurial Decision ◽  
Near Future ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Chinese Undergraduates

Previous researchers have shown that the entrepreneurial intentions and choices of freshmen and sophomores are higher than those of juniors and seniors in China. In order to explore the reasons for this phenomenon, I conducted an experiment with 126 undergraduates from 3 universities in Zhejiang Province in China to study the relationship between temporal distance and undergraduates' entrepreneurial decision-making process. The results showed that: 1) temporal distance significantly influences undergraduates' entrepreneurial decision making, and 2) entrepreneurial decision tasks in the distant future motivate the undergraduates' cognition of desire for results (high construal level), resulting in a more positive decision, while the tasks in the near future motivate the cognition of feasibility for process (low construal level), resulting in a more negative decision.

Let's play with emojis! How to make emojis more effective in social media advertising using promocodes and temporal orientation

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Huang ◽  
Mohammad Shahidul Kader ◽  
Seeun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Purchase Intentions ◽  
Temporal Distance ◽  
Temporal Orientation ◽  
Construal Level ◽  
Distant Future ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Social Media Advertising ◽  
Near Future

PurposeThe authors aim to examine how the construal level, either as an individual temporal orientation or temporal distance of promotion, moderates the effects of emojis' emotional intensity on consumers' purchase intentions in social media advertising.Design/methodology/approachTwo experiments are used to test four hypotheses.FindingsThe results of two experimental studies show that present-oriented participants reveal greater purchase intentions when low (vs high) emotionally intense emojis are embedded in a social media ad; but future-oriented consumers showed no difference when viewing ads with the two different emojis. In Study 2, participants indicate greater purchase intentions when a social media ad includes a distant-future promocode and high (vs low) emotionally intense emojis and an ad with a near-future promocode and low (vs high) emotionally intense emojis.Originality/valueThe current study advances our understanding how emojis with different emotional intensities can be effectively used in social media ads. This study also provides theoretical implications to construal level theory (CLT) by examining how emojis interact with construal level, either as a chronic tendency or simulated by psychological distance, can influence consumer response.

scholarly journals The rhythm of effective entrepreneurs’ decision-making process. The pathways of alertness scanning and search and cognitive style. A mediation model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Sassetti ◽  
Vincenzo Cavaliere ◽  
Sara Lombardi
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Cognitive Style ◽  
Cognitive Styles ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Mediation Model ◽  
Scant Attention ◽  
Entrepreneurial Decision ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractHow can entrepreneurs be effective when making decisions? To enrich current research on entrepreneurship and cognition, the present study shows how alertness and decision making are closely related. Prompted by the scant attention that scholars have paid to the link between alertness and the pathways of entrepreneurs’ thought, it proposes that being alert by adequately scanning and searching for information is likely to increase decision-making effectiveness. Distinguishing between rational and intuitive cognitive styles and based on a sample of 98 Italian entrepreneurs from small and medium manufacturing companies, the analysis shows that while a rational cognitive style significantly mediated the relationship, intuition did not play a role in shaping entrepreneurial decision-making effectiveness. The results suggest that developing individual alertness might not be sufficient for entrepreneurs to make effective decisions; a rational cognitive style might also be a key mechanism shaping this association.

scholarly journals AN INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL DISTANCE ON TOURIST DECISION-MAKING PROCESS: A CASE OF TOURISTS VISITING THE MAASAI MARA NATIONAL GAME RESERVE

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-61
Author(s):  
Ashioya Belinda ◽  
Imbaya Beatrice ◽  
Timothy Sulo
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Distance ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Construal Level ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Consumer Decision Making ◽  
Game Reserve ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose of the study: The study aims to assess the influence of social distance on the tourist decision-making process on tourists visiting the Maasai Mara National Game Reserve using the construal level theory. Methodology: Exploratory research design was used using regression equation modeling. The Borgardus social distance scale was adapted to structure the questionnaire. A sample of 157 tourists was selected. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics which were used to determine the relationship between the variables. The hypothesis was tested at a 5% level of confidence. Main Findings: The study established that the majority of the respondents understood and indicated that social distancing influenced their choice of a destination. Social distance (R=0.580, p=0.00<0.05) had a strong positive and significant influence on the contractual level of tourist choice of a destination. It was further established that construal level accounted for up to 33.6 percent of the variance in choice of destination (R2=0.336). Applications of this study: The study recommends that the conventional consumer behaviour model can be enhanced in decision making by incorporating the construal level of destination decision making for tourists. It will be beneficial to the tourists visiting Maasai Mara National Game Reserve, the marketers, hotels and destination owners, and the government at large. Novelty/Originality of this study: Decision-making is central to the satisfaction of a customer that seeks value for his/her money. Though research in consumer decision-making has been conducted before its application in tourist’s destination decision-making process remains new. This study sought to bring to light this link and fill this gap in the literature.

TEMPORAL MEDIATION OF UNCERTAINTY WITHIN ENTREPRENEURIAL OPPORTUNITY EVALUATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 2150007
Author(s):  
JONATHAN MARKS ◽  
TOMISLAV BATEV
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Construal Level Theory ◽  
Construal Level ◽  
Future Event ◽  
Entrepreneurial Opportunity ◽  
Distant Future ◽  
Temporal Factors ◽  
Opportunity Evaluation ◽  
Near Future

Limited research within entrepreneurship is available on how time affects entrepreneurs’ decision-making. We try to bridge this gap by understanding how temporal factors affect opportunity evaluation and how they affect uncertainty. Basing our hypotheses on Construal Level Theory, we ran two experiments and found that individuals modify their evaluation of the same opportunity when evaluating a distant future versus a near future event. Opportunities in the near future are more highly evaluated than distant future opportunities. Moreover, we demonstrate experimentally that uncertainty affects opportunity evaluation.

Influence of Confucian culture on entrepreneurial decision making using data from China's floating population

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Ran Xiong ◽  
Ping Wei
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Floating Population ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Confucian Culture ◽  
Chinese Nation ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Entrepreneurial Decision ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Relationship

Confucian culture has had a deep-rooted influence on Chinese thinking and behavior for more than 2,000 years. With a manually created Confucian culture database and the 2017 China floating population survey, we used empirical analysis to test the relationship between Confucian culture and individual entrepreneurial choice using data obtained from China's floating population. After using the presence and number of Confucian schools and temples, and of chaste women as instrumental variables to counteract problems of endogeneity, we found that Confucian culture had a significant role in promoting individuals' entrepreneurial decision making among China's floating population. The results showed that, compared with those from areas of China not strongly influenced by Confucian culture, individuals from areas that are strongly influenced by Confucian culture were more likely to choose entrepreneurship as their occupation choice. Our findings reveal cultural factors that affect individual entrepreneurial behavior, and also illustrate the positive role of Confucianism as a representative of the typical cultures of the Chinese nation in the 21st century.

The Effects of Conflict on Team Decision Making

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Long Cheng ◽  
Zhong-Ming Wang ◽  
Wei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Task Conflict ◽  
Relationship Conflict ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Team Decision Making ◽  
Team Decision ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The aim in this study was to examine the relationship between task and relationship conflict and their effect on team decision-making. A sample of 120 participants, divided into 40 teams, was recruited. We found that the relationship of task and relationship conflict was moderated by the decision-making process and teams performed better when making good use of task conflict, while relationship conflict was reduced.

Divergent theories, converging evidence: The constructional semantics of competing future constructions

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-114
Author(s):  
Stefan Hartmann
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
The Other ◽  
Temporal Distance ◽  
Corpus Study ◽  
Distant Future ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Future Events ◽  
The One ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Lines Of Evidence

Abstract This paper investigates the alternation between two competing German future constructions, the werden + Infinitive construction and the futurate present, from a usage-based perspective. Two lines of evidence are combined: On the one hand, a pilot corpus study indicates that werden + Infinitive is more likely to be used for referring to distant-future events than to near-future events. However, syntactic factors seem to be at least as decisive as semantic ones for speakers’ choice between the two constructions. On the other hand, an experimental study taps into language users’ interpretation of sentences framed in one of the two constructions. It can be shown that the grammatical framing does not significantly affect participants’ estimates of the temporal distance of the events to which the stimuli sentences refer. This suggests that the meaning differences between the two constructions be more nuanced, e.g. pertaining to discourse-pragmatic functions.

Distant time, distant gesture: speech and gesture correlate to express temporal distance

Semiotica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Alcaraz Carrión ◽  
Javier Valenzuela
Keyword(s):  
Television News ◽  
Space Time ◽  
The Body ◽  
Temporal Distance ◽  
Distant Future ◽  
Axis Direction ◽  
Spatial Properties ◽  
Multimodal Corpus ◽  
Future Data ◽  
Near Future

Abstract This study investigates whether there is a relation between the semantics of linguistic expressions that indicate temporal distance and the spatial properties of their co-speech gestures. To this date, research on time gestures has focused on features such as gesture axis, direction, and shape. Here we focus on a gesture property that has been overlooked so far: the distance of the gesture in relation to the body. To achieve this, we investigate two types of temporal linguistic expressions are addressed: proximal (e.g., near future, near past) and distal (e.g., distant past, distant future). Data was obtained through the NewsScape library, a multimodal corpus of television news. A total of 121 co-speech gestures were collected and divided into the two categories. The gestures were later annotated in terms of gesture space and classified in three categories: (i) center, (ii) periphery, and (iii) extreme periphery. Our results suggest that gesture and language are coherent in the expression of temporal distance: when speakers locate an event far from them, they tend to gesture further from their body; similarly, when locating an event close to them, they gesture closer to their body. These results thus reveal how co-speech gestures also reflect a space-time mapping in the dimension of distance.

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