So Near, so good: Does near-distance perception reduce interpersonal psychological distance?

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 889-898 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liusheng Wang ◽  
Wei Yao
Keyword(s):  
Distance Perception ◽  
Psychological Distance ◽  
Construal Level Theory ◽  
Stimulus Size ◽  
Interpersonal Distance ◽  
Mixed Design ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship

We conducted 2 experiments to explore whether or not the perception of interpersonal distance affects interpersonal psychological distance. Experiment 1 (N = 60) involved a mixed design examination of the relationship between distance perception (near vs. far) and gender consistency (consistent vs. inconsistent). The results showed that the figure at a near distance was perceived as being significantly more favorable than that of the figure at a far distance. Experiment 2 (N = 59) used a single-factor randomized design to investigate differences in stimulus size. The results showed that the size did not affect favorability evaluations. Our finding that a near interpersonal distance perception reduced interpersonal psychological distance supports both construal level theory and embodied cognition theory.

Effects of psychological distance perception and psychological factors on pro-environmental behaviors in Taiwan: Application of construal level theory

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei-Fang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Distance Perception ◽  
Psychological Distance ◽  
Construal Level Theory ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Environmental Concerns ◽  
Construal Level ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Environmental Behaviors

This study applied construal level theory (CLT) to the perceived psychological distance of climate change to investigate Taiwanese people’s psychological distance perception of climate change. It also considered how this psychological distance perception of climate change and other crucial psychological factors (i.e., values, ecological worldviews, and environmental concerns) may influence people’s pro-environmental behaviors (PEBs). A national self-administered questionnaire survey was performed in Taiwan and 733 responses were analyzed empirically. Structural equation modeling analysis indicated that an individual’s altruistic values are positively related to his or her ecological worldviews. An individual’s ecological worldviews are positively related to his or her psychological distance perception of climate change and environmental concerns regarding the negative consequences of climate change. Such environmental concerns positively motivate engagement in PEBs. However, an individual’s psychological distance perception of climate change does not positively relate to his or her PEBs.

Relation between Parental Interpersonal Styles and Their Children's Psychological Distance

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1263-1275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Tolor ◽  
Mark Warren ◽  
Howard M. Weinick
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distance ◽  
Interpersonal Distance ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Life Styles ◽  
Past Life ◽  
History Of ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Matched Samples

The relationship between parental past-life styles of varying degrees of closeness or distance to others and children's interpersonal distance patterns was investigated by means of the History of Interpersonal Distance (Mottola, 1968) scale and two measures based on Kuethe's (1962) social schemata technique. Two groups of children, a clinic population of 33 Ss and a normal group of 203 Ss, and at least the mothers (sometimes also the fathers) of each child participated. Comparisons between the two groups were based on matched samples of 33 children in each group. Normal children exhibited on some measures a pattern of psychological distance opposite from that of their parents of the same sex. The disturbed children tended to have a psychological distance that differed from that of the composite of both of their parents. There was no evidence of a greater correlation between child and same-sex parent for disturbed children than for normals. However, there was some indication of a greater degree of social closeness in the history of parents of normal children compared with the parents of the disturbed group. Normal and disturbed children did not produce different distance patterns.

scholarly journals PENGATURAN PEMBUNGAAN TANAMAN JAMBU BIJI (Psidium guajava L.) ‘KRISTAL’ MELALUI APLIKASI WAKTU STRANGULASI YANG BERBEDA

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 243
Author(s):  
RA Diana Widyastuti ◽  
Slamet Susanto ◽  
Maya Melati ◽  
Ani Kurniawati
Keyword(s):  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Flowering Induction ◽  
Flowering Response ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Leaf N Content ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Experimental Garden ◽  
Leaf N

<p align="center"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p align="center"><strong><em> </em></strong></p><p><strong><em>Arrangement of Guava Flowering </em></strong><strong><em>(Psidium</em></strong><strong><em> g</em></strong><strong><em>uajava</em></strong><strong><em> </em></strong><strong><em>L.</em></strong><strong><em>)</em></strong><strong><em> ‘Krystal’ through the Application of Different Strangulation Times. </em></strong>The seasonal production of guava (<em>Psidium guajava</em>) requires flowering manipulation technique such strangulation in order to be available throughout the years. This study aimed to explain the relationship between strangulation time, the period of flowering and harvesting of guava cv 'Krystal'. The experiment was conducted from February to December 2017, in Cikabayan experimental garden of IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia. The experiment used a completely randomized design with single factor, i.e strangulation times that consisted of control (no strangulation), strangulation in March, in April and in May. The results showed that strangulation treatment was able to accelerate the emergence of flowers and increase the number of generative shoots, the number of flowers per tree and the number of fruits harvested. The increase of flowering response on strangulated trees was supported by a higher leaf C/N compared to control, which is related to the low leaf N content in strangulation treatments. The strangulation treatment could accelerate the time of flower emergence six days earlier than control.<em>  </em><strong><em></em></strong></p><p><strong>Key</strong><strong>word<em>s</em></strong>: <em>guava, </em><em>C/N, flowering induction, ringing, seasonal production</em><strong><em></em></strong></p><p align="center"><strong> </strong></p><p align="center"><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></p><p align="center"><strong> </strong></p><p>Produksi buah jambu biji (<em>Psidium guajava</em>) yang bersifat musiman memerlukan teknik pengaturan pembungaan agar dapat tersedia sepanjang tahun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan keterkaitan antara waktu strangulasi dengan pola pembungaan dan panen buah jambu biji ‘Kristal’. Percobaan dilaksanakan mulai Februari sampai Desember 2017, di Kebun Percobaan Cikabayan IPB Bogor. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan faktor tunggal yaitu waktu strangulasi yang terdiri dari 4 (empat) taraf, yakni tanpa strangulasi, strangulasi bulan Maret, strangulasi bulan April dan strangulasi bulan Mei. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan strangulasi mampu mempercepat munculnya bunga dan meningkatkan jumlah tunas generatif, jumlah bunga per pohon, jumlah bakal buah per pohon dan jumlah buah yang dipanen. Peningkatan respon pembungaan akibat strangulasi didukung oleh C/N daun yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan tanpa stangulasi, yang berhubungan dengan rendahnya kandungan nitrogen daun pada perlakuan strangulasi. Perlakuan strangulasi mampu mempercepat waktu muncul bunga 6 hari lebih cepat dibandingkan tanpa strangulasi.</p><p><strong>Kata </strong><strong>k</strong><strong>unci: </strong>jambu biji, C/N, induksi pembungaan, pencekikan batang, produksi musiman</p>

Art Beyond Art’s Sake: The Influence of Artistic Cues on Prosocial Choice

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-40
Author(s):  
Dooiee Kim ◽  
Sang-Hoon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Choice Experiment ◽  
Psychological Distance ◽  
Construal Level Theory ◽  
Construal Level ◽  
The Relationship

In this study, we examined whether exposure to art can promote an abstract mindset. Specifically, based on construal level theory, we tested the relationship between artistic cues and an abstract mindset, and how this mindset could in turn impact prosocial choice. Experiment 1 ( N = 54) revealed that artistic cues lead participants to consider more abstract features than concrete features. In Experiment 2 ( N = 83), it was shown that the effect of artistic cues on an abstract mindset is mediated by psychological distance. In addition, this abstract mindset was shown to mediate the link between artistic cues and prosocial choice. The findings of this study highlight the mechanisms that extend the effects of art beyond preference to choice and thought.

scholarly journals The relationship between self-control and altruism in the light of discounting literature

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 433-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerzy Osiński ◽  
Adam Karbowski ◽  
Jan Rusek
Keyword(s):  
Delay Discounting ◽  
Psychological Distance ◽  
Construal Level Theory ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Common Mechanism ◽  
Extended Self ◽  
Behavioural Patterns ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract On the basis of literature on delay discounting, potential mechanisms of relations between self-control and altruism are considered. The discussed possibilities are: cause-and-effect relationship (self-control enabling sacrificing immediate benefits caused by selfish behaviour in favor of future benefits associated with altruism, e.g. reciprocation), common mechanism (ability to learn behavioural patterns covering longer time periods), role of intelligence as a factor related both to self-control and altruism, and role of psychological distance (the idea of extended self and construal level theory). Relations between described perspectives are pointed out, and directions for further research are suggested.

Emotion and the Psychological Distance of Climate Change

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 761-789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haoran Chu ◽  
Janet Z. Yang
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Distance Perception ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Psychological Distance ◽  
Construal Level Theory ◽  
Policy Support ◽  
Climate Mitigation ◽  
Limited Impact ◽  
Trait Empathy ◽  
Mitigation Action

Anchored by construal level theory and appraisal theories of emotion, this study examines whether discrete emotions vary along with perceived psychological distance of climate change impacts. We found that reduced psychological distance perception led to an increase in concrete emotions such as anger, fear, sadness, and guilt. In contrast, increased psychological distance perception led to an increase in hope—an abstract emotion. Compared to anger, anxiety, and hope, fear, guilt, and shame had more limited impact on climate mitigation action and policy support. Trait empathy moderated the effect of psychological distance manipulation on distance perception and emotions.

The Relationship of Digit Ratio (2D:4D) and Gender-Role Orientation in Four National Samples

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan J. Troche ◽  
Nina Weber ◽  
Karina Hennigs ◽  
Carl-René Andresen ◽  
Thomas H. Rammsayer
Keyword(s):  
Gender Role ◽  
Sex Role ◽  
Role Orientation ◽  
Sexually Dimorphic ◽  
Gender Role Orientation ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Fourth Finger ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. The ratio of second to fourth finger length (2D:4D ratio) is sexually dimorphic with women having higher 2D:4D ratio than men. Recent studies on the relationship between 2D:4D ratio and gender-role orientation yielded rather inconsistent results. The present study examines the moderating influence of nationality on the relationship between 2D:4D ratio and gender-role orientation, as assessed with the Bem Sex-Role Inventory, as a possible explanation for these inconsistencies. Participants were 176 female and 171 male university students from Germany, Italy, Spain, and Sweden ranging in age from 19 to 32 years. Left-hand 2D:4D ratio was significantly lower in men than in women across all nationalities. Right-hand 2D:4D ratio differed only between Swedish males and females indicating that nationality might effectively moderate the sexual dimorphism of 2D:4D ratio. In none of the examined nationalities was a reliable relationship between 2D:4D ratio and gender-role orientation obtained. Thus, the assumption of nationality-related between-population differences does not seem to account for the inconsistent results on the relationship between 2D:4D ratio and gender-role orientation.

The Relationship between Body Image and Exercise Adherence in Fitness Centre Exercising Sample

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (80) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasa Jankauskienė ◽  
Brigita Miežienė
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Exercise Adherence ◽  
Physical Activity Promotion ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Physique Anxiety ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Activity Promotion ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Body Self ◽  
The Relationship

Research background and hypothesis. The analysis of factors which might infl uence exercise adherence is important issue for physical activity promotion. Studies show that exercisers’ body image is important factor associated with well being, exercise motivation and specifi c exercise–related behaviour.Research aim was is to examine the relationship between exercise adherence, body image and social physique anxiety in a sample of fi tness centre participants. Research methods. Members of fi tness centres (n = 217, 66 of them were women) provided their answers on exercise experience, in three subscales (appearance evaluation, appearance orientation and overweight preoccupation) of The Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire (MBSRQ-AS; Brown et al., 1990) and Social Physique Anxiety Scale (SPAS; Hart et al., 1989). Mean age of the sample was 29.02 (9.85) years (range = 18–68 years).Research results. Women demonstrated higher appearance orientation, overweight preoccupation and social physique anxiety compared to men. However, we observed no signifi cant differences in appearance evaluation, appearance orientation and overweight preoccupation in the groups of different exercise experience of men and women. When overweight respondents (≥ 25 kg / m²) were excluded from the analysis, there were no statistically signifi cant differences observed in body image and social physique anxiety in exercise experience groups of men and women. Exercising longer than 6 years signifi cantly predicted overweight preoccupation [95% CI: 1.25–16.94] controlled by age and gender. Discussion and conclusions. Exercising men demonstrated more positive body image and lower social physique anxiety compared to women, except for appearance evaluation. There were observed no body image and social physique relationships with exercise adherence observed in the sample of fi tness centre participants, however, exercise experience longer than 6 years predicted overweight preoccupation.Keywords: body image concerns, exercise experience, self-presentation.

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