Evaluation of Life Satisfaction after the 2011 Van (Turkey) Earthquake

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (9) ◽  
pp. 1409-1417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Betül Dilara Şeker
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Just World ◽  
General Belief ◽  
Personal Belief ◽  
Lower Life Satisfaction ◽  
Overall Life Satisfaction ◽  
Group Comparisons

I examined the level and predictors of life satisfaction among 504 participants who had experienced the 2011 Van (Turkey) earthquake (hit group), and 326 participants who, living in another city, had not (nonhit group). Participants completed measures of overall life satisfaction, belief in a just world, and hope. Results of group comparisons revealed that the hit group had significantly lower life satisfaction than did the nonhit group. Further, the life satisfaction of the hit group was significantly and positively associated with general belief in a just world, personal belief in a just world, and hope, whereas the significant correlations for the nonhit group existed between life satisfaction and general and personal belief in a just world. According to the regression results of the hit group, participants with high general belief in a just world, personal belief in a just world, and hope can be assumed to be more satisfied with their lives.

scholarly journals Validation of the General and Personal Belief in a Just World scales in Iran and Their Relations to Perceived Threat of Kin Favoritism

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Mikani ◽  
Parisa Rafiee ◽  
Matthias Donat
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Perceived Threat ◽  
Just World ◽  
General Belief ◽  
Structure Reliability ◽  
Personal Belief ◽  
Robust Measures ◽  
Negative Predictor

People possess a pre-conscious need to believe in the existence of justice in the world. This belief in a just world (BJW) is usually measured with self-report scales. Dalbert et al. (1987) and Dalbert (1999) have developed the general belief in a just world (GBJW) and personal belief in a just world (PBJW) scales as psychometrically robust measures of just-world beliefs. We conducted three studies to demonstrate the validity of the Persian versions of belief in a just world scales and the importance of distinguishing between GBJW and PBJW. First, we confirmed the factor structure. reliability, convergent validity (self-esteem, life satisfaction, and religiosity), and divergent validity (big five personalityfactors and dark triad traits) of GBJW and PBJW using Iranian participants (N1 = 454). Second, the associations of GBJW and PBJW with perceived threat of unjust behavior directed to self or others were assessed using two scenario-based studies (N2 = 81, N3 = 71) in the context of kin favoritism. While GBJW negatively predicted perceived threat of kin favoritism directed to others, PBJW was a negative predictor of perceived threat of kin favoritism directed to self. Consistent with theoretical assumptions, perceived likelihood of punishment mediated these associations. In addition to providing further evidence for the differentiation between GBJW and PBJW, the findings of Study 2 and 3 also support the idea of an optimistic bias towards self by showing that people perceived less threat of kin favoritism when others, rather than themselves, were potential victims of injustice.

scholarly journals Students’ Personal Belief in a Just World, Well-Being, and Academic Cheating: A Cross-National Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 428-453
Author(s):  
Susan Münscher ◽  
Matthias Donat ◽  
Gözde Kiral Ucar
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
University Students ◽  
School Context ◽  
National Study ◽  
Just World ◽  
Academic Cheating ◽  
Personal Belief ◽  
Cross National Study ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cross National

Abstract A cross-national study with university students from Germany (n = 1135) and Turkey (n = 634) tested whether personal belief in a just world (PBJW) predicts students’ life satisfaction and academic cheating. Based on the just-world theory and empirical findings in the school context, we expected university students with a stronger personal BJW to be more satisfied with their lives and cheat less than those with a weaker BJW. Further, we investigated the mediating role of justice experiences with lecturers and fellow students in these relations. Differences in PBJW directly and indirectly predicted undergraduates’ life satisfaction. Students’ justice experiences with peers mediated the relationship between PBJW and life satisfaction. Differences in PBJW indirectly predicted undergraduates’ academic cheating. Students’ justice experiences with lecturers mediated the relationship between PBJW and academic cheating. The results did not differ between German and Turkish students and persisted when we controlled for gender, start of studies, socially desirable responding, general BJW, and self-efficacy. We discussed the importance of personal BJW’s adaptive functions and their relevance for international university research and practice.

The Strategic Expression of Personal Belief in a Just World

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 202-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hélder Alves ◽  
Isabel Correia
Keyword(s):  
The Self ◽  
Just World ◽  
General Belief ◽  
Positive Image ◽  
Personal Belief ◽  
The Way

Previous research has shown that both the personal and the general belief in a just world (BJW) are judgment norms. This finding raises the possibility of a strategic component in the expression of the BJW. In the two studies reported in this article we investigated this possibility, specifically that the expression of BJW could be used to distinguish oneself from others and to convey specific images. In Study 1, we asked participants to fill in the personal and the general BJW scales on their behalf and according to the way they thought that their classmates would. The results showed that personal BJW was used as a device to distinguish the self from others. In Study 2 we asked the participants to fill in both BJW scales either according to their opinion or in order to convey a specific image: being likable, competent, successful, or pitiful. The results showed that personal BJW scores in the control condition and in all positive image conditions were higher than those in the “pitiful image” condition. In the case of general BJW the same pattern only showed up when scores of personal BJW were not controlled for.

scholarly journals Aggression and Belief in a Just World Among Adolescents from Belarus and Ukraine: A Comparative Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-179
Author(s):  
P.M. Larionov ◽  
E.K. Ageenkova ◽  
V.S. Smeyan
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Aggressive Behavior ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Just World ◽  
General Belief ◽  
Personal Belief ◽  
The World ◽  
Aggression Questionnaire ◽  
Culture Of Violence ◽  
The Relationship

In connection with the spread of a culture of violence in modern society the problem of aggressive behavior of adolescents takes on new impetus. For a comprehensive consideration of this problem, one should take into account not only the intrapersonal and interpersonal aspects of the personality relations system, but also its relations with the world, which can be expressed in the two forms of the belief in a just world — general belief in a just world and personal belief in a just world. 70 Belarusian and 109 Ukrainian adolescents completed two questionnaires: the Buss–Perry Aggression Questionnaire and the Just World Scale by C. Dalbert. It was found that Belarusian adolescents are characterized by lower aggression compared to Ukrainian ones. The relationship between aggression and the two forms of belief in a just world (general and personal belief in a just world) is negative among Belarusians and Ukrainian adolescents. Belarusian and Ukrainian adolescents on average believe that the world is “rather fair”. This indicates a similar view of the world among adolescents in both cultures.

scholarly journals Can beliefs in justice predict corrupt behavior?

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 246-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kotryna Stupnianek ◽  
Vytautas Navickas
Keyword(s):  
Just World ◽  
General Belief ◽  
Strong Belief ◽  
Retrospective Design ◽  
The Past ◽  
Personal Belief ◽  
Rule Breaking ◽  
Corrupt Behavior

The belief in a just world has been found to be related to rule breaking behavior. However, research has yet to determine whether the same relation holds for corrupt behavior. The current study focused on identifying whether the belief in a just world is a factor that predicts bribery behavior. We hypothesized that people with a weaker belief in a just world would be more likely to report that they had given a bribe compared with people with a strong belief in a just world. A retrospective design was used to conduct a study in Lithuania. Belief in a just world was measured with two scales for assessing personal and general beliefs in a just world. We measured bribery behavior by asking participants (N = 316) to report how many times they had given a bribe during the past 5 years. The results showed that a personal belief in a just world predicted bribery behavior, whereas a general belief in a just world did not. We discuss implications for further studies.

Well-being in people living with HIV/AIDS in relation to belief in just world

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepti B Duggi ◽  
Iranna S. Amashi ◽  
Shanmukh V. Kamble
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Satisfaction Level ◽  
Just World ◽  
General Belief ◽  
Women Living With Hiv ◽  
Personal Belief ◽  
World Hypothesis ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

The just-world hypothesis is the assumption that a person's actions are inherently inclined to bring morally fair and fitting consequences to that person, to the end of all noble actions being eventually rewarded and all evil actions eventually punished. The present study is counted to find out the significance of the relationship of well-being of men and women living with HIV/AIDS with their personal and general belief in just world. A purposive sample of 100 male and 100 female people living with HIV/AIDS are selected for the study. The sample was selected for the study from Positive People Network, NGOs and ART centers. The sample was collected from Hubli-Dharwad Corporation and Gadag. Personal Belief in Just World Scale developed by Claudia Dalbert (1999); The General Belief in Just World Scale developed by Dalbert and Schmitt (1987); and Trait Well Being Inventory developed by Dalbert (1992) measures were used to test the hypotheses. Results of the present study revealed that, General belief and Personal belief of just world of men living with HIV/AIDS have positive correlation mood level and satisfaction level. Further, General belief and Personal belief of just world of men living with HIV/AIDS have also had positive and significant relationship with overall mood and satisfaction level. Contrary to this, General belief and Personal belief of just world women living with HIV/AIDS has no relation with mood level, but has relationship with satisfaction level and overall mood and satisfaction level of women living with HIV/AIDS.

scholarly journals Less Illusion of a Just World in People with Formally Diagnosed Autism and Higher Autistic Traits

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Bertrams
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Autistic Traits ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Autism Diagnosis ◽  
Just World ◽  
External Locus ◽  
General Belief ◽  
Autistic People

AbstractPeople differ in how strongly they believe that, in general, one gets what (s)he deserves (i.e., individual differences in the general belief in a just world). In this study (N = 588; n = 60 with a formal autism diagnosis), whether or not autistic people and those with high autistic traits have a relatively low general belief in a just world is examined. The results revealed the expected relationship between autism/higher autistic traits and a lower general belief in a just world. In a subsample (n = 388), personal belief in a just world, external locus of control, and self-deception mediated this relationship. These findings are discussed in terms of autistic strengths (less biased information processing) and problems (lowered well-being).

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