scholarly journals Assessment of hemolytic effect of Cassia flower extracts on human RBCs

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (6-s) ◽  
pp. 18-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shital S. Phuse ◽  
Zia. H. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Acetone Extract ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Rbc Membrane ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus ◽  
Hemolytic Effect ◽  
Phosphate Buffered Saline ◽  
Human Rbcs

RBC membrane can be affected by consumption of bioactive compounds from herbs and medicinal plants. This study aimed to assess hemolytic effect of crude ethyl acetate and acetone extract from Cassia glauca flowers. Both the extracts of Cassia flowers were prepared, using Soxhlet apparatus. RBCs were washed with phosphate buffered saline and resuspended in 0.9% normal saline. These RBCs were added to different concentrations of the extracts and then incubated. After centrifugation, absorbance of the supernatant was determined by UV spectrophotometer at 540 nm. The present work shows that the fractions exhibited anti-hemolytic potential as extracts of Cassia flower showed very less percent of hemolysis when compared to standard quercetin. IC50values were found to be 23.77μg/ml for (CF EA) and 12.50μg/ml for Cassia flower in acetone(CF A)against standard which was found to be 41.75μg/ml. Extracts of Cassia flower exhibited very low hemolytic activity. Hence, it can be considered as safe to human RBCs.  In future recommend further in vitro and in vivo studies to evaluate the clinical efficacy of Cassia glauca extracts for treated several diseases. Keyword: Extract, Acetone, Ethyl acetate, Cassia glauca flowers, Hemolytic effect, RBCs

scholarly journals The STANDARDIZATION OF A TRADITIONAL POLYHERBAL FORMULATION WITH PHARMACOGNOSTIC STUDY; ITS PHYTOCHEMICAL CONTENT, ANTIOXIDANT, AND ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITY

2019 ◽  
pp. 182-190
Author(s):  
ARUNIKA SUBBA ◽  
PALASH MANDAL ◽  
Arunika Subba
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Acetone Extract ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Phytochemical Content ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus

Objective: Pharmacognostic study, evaluation of antioxidant and antidiabetic activity along with phytochemical contents of an ethnomedicine (AR) which is used for the treatment of arthritis and diabetes in some villages of West Sikkim. Methods: The herbal formulation was extracted in a Soxhlet apparatus successively in ten solvents from low to high polarity. The extracts were subjected to antioxidant activity, qualitative and quantitative phytochemical estimation as well as in vitro antidiabetic activity. For pharmacognostic characterization, parameters such as fluorescence activity, physicochemical values, powder microscopy, and thin-layer chromatography (TLC) were performed. Mean values with p<0.05 were considered significant in statistical analysis. Results: Pharmacognostic study revealed various plants tissues. Ash values suggested the presence of earthy materials and moisture content near to the maximum range. Variation of colors was exhibited by AR in fluorescence analysis. TLC expressed the presence of phytoconstituents and the Rf values were noted down to be used in the future for authentication of the sample. Potential antioxidant capacity was observed in AR, phenolics significantly contributing in 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl scavenging activity, 2, 2’-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)+ scavenging activity and reducing power. Non-polar solvent showed the presence of alkaloid and steroids. The antidiabetic activity was very high in some extracts of AR with acetone extract showing the highest enzyme inhibiting activity. IC50 of acetone extract was 0.26±0.003 mg/ml. Conclusion: Overall study established a basic reference for the formulation AR. It was considered to possess antioxidant activity, but the interesting part of the study was its antidiabetic activity which is needed to be validated with in vivo studies and toxicity assessment.

Red Cell Antigens as Functional Molecules and Obstacles to Transfusion

Hematology ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 2002 (1) ◽  
pp. 445-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Garratty ◽  
Marilyn J. Telen ◽  
Lawrence D. Petz
Keyword(s):  
Hemolytic Anemia ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Blood Group Antigens ◽  
Rbc Membrane ◽  
Pathophysiological Role ◽  
Group A ◽  
Universal Donor

Abstract Blood group antigens (BGAs) can act as functional molecules but also can evoke autoantibodies and alloantibodies, causing autoimmune hemolytic anemia, hemolytic disease of the newborn and hemolytic transfusion reactions. In Section I, Dr. Marilyn Telen discusses physiologic and pathologic functions of RBC BGA-bearing molecules. She reviews some associations of BGAs with RBC membrane integrity and hemolytic anemia; association of BGAs with enzymatic and transport functions; and adhesion molecules expressed by RBCs, especially with reference to their pathophysiological role in sickle cell disease. In Section II, Dr. Lawrence Petz discusses the problems of providing blood for patients who have RBC autoantibodies. He provides an algorithm for excluding the presence of “hidden” alloantibodies, when all units appear to be incompatible due to the autoantibody. He emphasizes that clinicians should be aware of these approaches and not accept “the least incompatible unit.” In Section III, Dr. George Garratty describes two processes, in development, that produce RBCs that result in RBCs that can be described as “universal” donor or “stealth” RBCs. The first process involves changing group A, B, or AB RBCs into group O RBCs by removing the immunospecific sugars responsible for A and B specificity by using specific enzymes. The second process involves covering all BGAs on the RBC surface using polyethylene glycol (PEG). Results of in vitro and in vivo studies on these modified RBCs are discussed.

scholarly journals ANTI-INFLAMMATORY PROFILING OF SEED AND RIND EXTRACTS OF AMOMUM SUBULATUM

2020 ◽  
pp. 204-208
Author(s):  
SUPRIYA AGNIHOTRI
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Inflammatory Models ◽  
Rat Paw Edema ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Amomum Subulatum ◽  
Rat Paw

Objective: The study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of Amomum subulatum (greater cardamom) seed and rind extracts in Wistar rats. Methods: The seed and rind of A. subulatum were air-dried in the shade, powdered, and subjected to 80% hydroalcoholic extraction in the Soxhlet apparatus. The anti-inflammatory activity of the seed and rind extracts of A. subulatum was evaluated by in vivo and in vitro methods. Results and Discussion: In vivo studies, namely, carrageenan-induced rat paw edema, cotton pellet granuloma, and formaldehyde-induced arthritis model confirmed the anti-inflammatory potential of seed and rind extracts of A. subulatum. It was found that rind extract exhibited better inhibition of inflammation as compared to seed extract. A. subulatum rind extract at the dose of 500 μg/ml exhibited best results for in vitro studies, namely, inhibition of albumin denaturation (73% inhibition), antiproteinase action (58% inhibition), membrane stabilization, heat-induced hemolysis, hypotonicity-induced hemolysis (54% inhibition), anti-lipoxygenase activity. Conclusions: The results of the study showed that the rind extract of A. subulatum (greater cardamom) possesses significant anti-inflammatory potential in various in vivo and in vitro anti-inflammatory models in the experimental animals.

Rejuvenation of Aged Human Red Cells Improves Their in Vivo Recovery in a Mouse Model

Blood ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 112 (11) ◽  
pp. 991-991
Author(s):  
Monique GelderMan-Fuhrmann ◽  
Jaroslav G. Vostal
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Model ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Fresh Rbcs ◽  
Gamma Irradiated ◽  
In Vivo Recovery ◽  
Human Rbcs

Evaluation of novel storage or processing technology for human red blood cells (RBCs) involves in vitro tests on the red cells to determine biochemical changes and in vivo studies in healthy human volunteers with radiolabeled red cells to determine in vivo recovery 24 hours post infusion. In vivo studies are needed because our understanding of red cell storage lesions is not sufficient to identify an in vitro test(s) that would adequately predict red cell performance in vivo. The clinical studies with radiolabeled cells are used as the gold standard for evaluation prior to approval of a novel technology by the FDA. However, in vivo studies require time and funds and can be a significant hurdle in the development of new products. An animal model that could predict performance of human red cells in vivo would be useful in the development process. We previously reported that severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice could be used as a model to identify damaged human platelets (Transfusion. 47(8):1540–9, 2007). In the current study, we investigated if this murine model could be used to distinguish between the recovery of fresh and aged human RBCs, non-rejuvenated and rejuvenated aged RBCs, gamma-irradiated (25 Gy) fresh RBCs and irradiated fresh RBCs and stored for 28 days. “Fresh” RBCs were processed from whole blood within 24 hrs of collection and the “aged” RBCs were either RBC products stored for 42 or 100 days in an additive solution at 4°C. For in vivo recovery, approximately 1x109 human RBCs were injected into the tail vein of SCID mice (n=5 or 7 per condition) and serial blood samples were collected. Human RBCs were detected in mouse whole blood by flow cytometry using an anti-human glycophorin A mAb (clone CLB-ery-1). Recovery was defined as percent of human RBCs in the mouse circulation at 2 hours post infusion. Rejuvenation of cells was accomplished by incubating RBCs for 1 hour with Rejuvesol solution (Table 1). 2,3-DPG Levels (mM/L) Pre- and Post-Rejuvenation Fresh RBCs Aged for 42 Days Aged for 100 Days Control 3.25±0.40 0.17±0.04 0.38 ±0.06 Rejuvenated 8.58±0.82 4.56±0.17 2.31±0.13 Fresh red cells exhibited recovery of 58.4±4.4 % of total cells injected. Aged RBCs showed a reduced in vivo recovery of 35.7±7.3 % and 5.7±1.6 % of total cells injected for 42 and 100 day old RBC, respectively. Gamma-irradiated fresh RBCs and irradiated fresh RBCs stored for 28 days showed a recovery of 66.7±8.6 % and 55±13.2 % respectively, whereas the recovery of control fresh RBCs and control fresh RBCs stored for 28 days showed a recovery of 58.4±4.4 % and 49.1±7.0 % (p=0.44) respectively (Table 2). In VivoRecovery Fresh RBCs Stored for 28 days Aged for 42 Days Aged for 100 Days nd - not determined Control 58.4±4.5 49.1±7.0 35.7±7.3 5.17±1.6 Rejuvenated 52.5±11.5 nd 55.4±7.1 21.3±5.0 Irradiated (25Gy) 66.7±8.6 55±13.2 nd nd Our data indicate that the SCID mouse model can distinguish between fresh and aged red cells and that rejuvenation of the red cells increases intracellular 2,3-DPG levels and in vivo recovery of aged red cells. The SCID mouse model could be used to develop or improve existing methods of red cell storage and processing. The findings and conclusions in this abstract have not been formally disseminated by the Food and Drug Administration and should not be construed to represent any Agency determination or policy.

scholarly journals ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF MANILKARA ZAPOTA LEAF EXTRACT

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamalakararao Konuku ◽  
Krishna Chaithanya Karri ◽  
Velliyur Kanniappan Gopalakrishnan ◽  
Zenebe Hagos ◽  
Haftom Kebede ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Manilkara Zapota ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Objective: Manilkara zapota is a medicinal plant which is native to Mexico and Central America, and widely distributed in India. Various parts of this plant are traditionally used for treatment of several diseases, including inflammation-associated ailments. The main aim of the present study is to evaluate the anti-inflammatory potential of ethyl acetate and methanolic extracts of M. zapota leaf.Methods: In vitro secretary phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and 5-Lipoxygenase (5-LOX) assays and In vivo studies using carrageenan induced rat paw edema model were performed to assess the anti-inflammatory activity of M. zapota leaf extracts.Results: In vitro studies suggest that M. zapota leaf extracts exhibited significant SPLA2 and 5-LOX inhibitory activities. In in vivo studies M. zapota leaf extracts showed dose dependent inhibition of carrageenan induced paw edema in rats. The anti-inflammatory activity of ethyl acetate leaf extract was superior to methanolic extract.Conclusion: This study concluded that ethyl acetate leaf extract of M. zapotaexhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity and warranted further investigation to isolate and identify the components. 

In vitro and in vivo studies of new cationic Zn(II)‐benzonaphthoporphyrazines as photosensitizers for PDT

2001 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 645-651
Author(s):  
M. Peeva ◽  
M. Shopova ◽  
U. Michelsen ◽  
D. Wöhrle ◽  
G. Petrov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vivo Studies

Effect of caffeine on theophyliine on cerebral blood flow response to brain activation: In vitro and in vivo studies

2005 ◽  
Vol 25 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. S198-S198
Author(s):  
Joseph R Meno ◽  
Thien-son K Nguyen ◽  
Elise M Jensen ◽  
G Alexander West ◽  
Leonid Groysman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Brain Activation ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Blood Flow Response ◽  
Flow Response

Effects of Unfractionated and Low Molecular Weight Heparins on Platelet Thromboxane Biosynthesis “In Vivo”

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (06) ◽  
pp. 942-946 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raffaele Landolfi ◽  
Erica De Candia ◽  
Bianca Rocca ◽  
Giovanni Ciabattoni ◽  
Armando Antinori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Unfractionated Heparin ◽  
Low Molecular Weight Heparin ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Heparin Administration ◽  
To Receive

SummarySeveral “in vitro” and “in vivo” studies indicate that heparin administration may affect platelet function. In this study we investigated the effects of prophylactic heparin on thromboxane (Tx)A2 biosynthesis “in vivo”, as assessed by the urinary excretion of major enzymatic metabolites 11-dehydro-TxB2 and 2,3-dinor-TxB2. Twenty-four patients who were candidates for cholecystectomy because of uncomplicated lithiasis were randomly assigned to receive placebo, unfractionated heparin, low molecular weight heparin or unfractionaed heparin plus 100 mg aspirin. Measurements of daily excretion of Tx metabolites were performed before and during the treatment. In the groups assigned to placebo and to low molecular weight heparin there was no statistically significant modification of Tx metabolite excretion while patients receiving unfractionated heparin had a significant increase of both metabolites (11-dehydro-TxB2: 3844 ± 1388 vs 2092 ±777, p <0.05; 2,3-dinor-TxB2: 2737 ± 808 vs 1535 ± 771 pg/mg creatinine, p <0.05). In patients randomized to receive low-dose aspirin plus unfractionated heparin the excretion of the two metabolites was largely suppressed thus suggesting that platelets are the primary source of enhanced thromboxane biosynthesis associated with heparin administration. These data indicate that unfractionated heparin causes platelet activation “in vivo” and suggest that the use of low molecular weight heparin may avoid this complication.

Effectiveness of the integration of quercetin, turmeric, and N-acetylcysteine in reducing inflammation and pain associated with endometriosis. In-vitro and in-vivo studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Fadin ◽  
Maria C. Nicoletti ◽  
Marzia Pellizzato ◽  
Manuela Accardi ◽  
Maria G. Baietti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vivo Studies
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