Dynamics of morphological manifestations of the experimental acute aspiration bronchopneumonia development.

Background. Currently, there is a need to create an experimental model for reproducing the main pathogenetic mechanisms of COVID-associated lungs damage. The first stage of such a model may be reproducing acute aspiration bronchopneumonia in rats. Objective. Examine the dynamics of morphological changes in the lungs in the development of experimental acute aspiration bronchopneumonia. Methods. The group of laboratory Wistar rats (n=25) in compliance with bioethical norms under typoental anesthesia was carried out operational intervention with the introduction of a sterile capron thread 2.5 cm long and a thickness of 0.2 mm to a depth of 2.5 cm. In the control group included 5 false-controlled animals. At 7, 14, 21, 28 and 56 days, the animals were derived from the experiment, morphological studies were carried out with the painting serial sections with hematoxylin-eosin. Results. On the 7 day, the morphological picture testified to the development of the acute stage of exudative inflammation with the full-blood of vessels, microtrombosis, dyslectasis, hyperplasia of alveolocytes II type. After 14 days, the proliferative stage was formed with alveolocytes hyperplasia, the epithelium of bronchi, as well as fibroblasts with the formation of sharp peribronchial and alveolar abscesses. After 21 days, the development of the lungs fibrosis with the organization of acute peribronchial and alveolar abscesses was noted, peribronchial and intraalveoli pronounced interstitial edema and the reactive hyperplasia of lymphoid follicles of a mixed nature. After 28 days, bronchopneumonia was organized in the form of fibrosis parenchyma, sections of chronic productive inflammation with the formation of resorbative granuloms; sections of the blood vessels hyalinose. For 56 days, these phenomena were progressed before the development of dense fibrosis (carnification) with sections of chronic abscesses with a formed by a connective tissue capsule, the development of vascular hyalinose. Conclusion. Thus, the model of acute aspiration bronchopneumonia reproduces the dynamics of morphological manifestations of acute lung damage, which is the basis for the development of pathogenetic therapy fields.

SOME TOPOGRAPHICAL AND HISTOLOGICAL STUDIES OF THYROID AND PARATHYROD GLANDS OF MOORHEN (Gallinula c. chloropus)

The thyroid gland of Moorhen has two separated lobes. These lobes were located in the throracic inlet and receive blood supply from the cranial, middle and caudal thyroid arteries. The histological organization of the thyroid gland in Moorhen is surrounded by a distinct connective tissue capsule and the parenchymal cells were arranged into colloid filled follicles enmeshed in the highly vascular interstitial connective tissue. The bilaterally paired, round to oval, parathyroid glands in Moorhen were located intrathoracically near or close to the caudal pole of the thyroid glands. They receive blood by short branches from caudal thyroid artery and small branch from the common carotid artery. The parathyroid glands in Moorhen have a thin connective tissue capsule. Its parenchymal cells were arranged into an irregular, anastomosing cords of chief cells. No oxyphil cells were found in the parathyroid glands of Moorhen.

SUBUNGUAL GLOMUS TUMOUR: THE ENIGMATIC CAUSE OF CHRONIC PAINFUL FINGER PULP - A CASE REPORT

Glomus tumour, also referred to as Barré–Masson syndrome is an enigmatic, rare, painful tumour that is that represents a proliferation of the normal capsular-neural glomus apparatus. These are rare hamartomas that arise from the traditional glomus apparatus, located in subcutaneous tissue These are benign soft tissue neoplasms presenting usually within the second to fourth decade of life, originating from the glomus body. It accounts for 1-5% of all upper limb soft tissue tumors . It's a component of the dermis layer of the [1] skin, involved in thermoregulation. It structurally consists of an arterio-venous shunt which is surrounded by a connective tissue capsule and is found in increased amounts in the ngers and toes.

Morphological and Histological Study of the Pineal Gland in local breed Goats (Capra hircus)

The current study was carried out to investigate both morphological and histochemical features of pineal gland in goat. Eight samples of pineal glands were used. The morphological study was involved the position, relation, weight, length and width of the glands. The tissue sections were prepared for paraffin embedding technique and stained with Hematoxyline & Eosin, Masson trichrom, Alizarin and PAS stains. The morphological result of pineal showed slightly irregular round-spherical shaped, grayish white in color. It located in the same mid-depression between the thalami body and two colliculi. The weight of gland was 0.478±0.02 mg and measured 2.10±0.06mm in length and 2.52±0.15mm in width. Histologically, the pineal gland has enveloped by a smooth thin layer of loose connective tissue capsule showed less trabiculae that carried the blood vessels into gland and the trabiculae have composed of fine collagen fibers. The glandular parenchyma showed marked lobular pattern of division with marked lighter central region which showed less cellular population. The glandular lobule consisted of three types of cells; Type I pinealocytes or dark pinealocytes, the second type was the less populated type II pinealocytes or light pinealocytes and the third type was the glial cell. The Alizarin stain was revealed multiple of variable size calcium patches within collagen fibers. The cytoplasmic contents of both pinealocytes types I & II showed no glycogen granules.

Gross Morphological and Light Microscopic Studies of the Spleen of Malayan Sun Bear (Helarctos malayanus)

Background: Bear specialist group recommended that the basic research on the Malayan sun bear is the highest priority need. Without such information, the establishment and implementation of scientifically-sound conservation plans is difficult. Therefore, present study was designed to provide information on gross morphological and light microscopic architecture of the spleen.Methods: The present study was conducted on the spleen of one Malayan sun bear. After doing the gross parameters the tissues were fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin and were processed for light microscopic studies. Blocks were cut at 6μ thickness by Leica Semimotorized Rotary Microtome and stained by Harris’ haematoxylin and eosin for routine study. Result: The spleen of Malayan sun bear was located in the left hypogastric region and entirely intrathoracic as the stomach was almost empty. The parietal surface faces the diaphragm and left lateral abdominal wall, whereas the visceral surface was divided into gastric face and intestinal face by the ridge like hilus. The spleen of Malayan Sun Bear was surrounded by a thick connective tissue capsule invested by the peritoneum. The capsule, trabeculae and reticular fibers support the splenic parenchyma composed of a red pulp and a white pulp.

COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF HISTOTOXICITY INDICATORS OF METAL ALLOYS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF METAL CERAMIC DENTAL CONSTRUCTIONS

The aim: To carry out a comparative assessment of metal alloys for the manufacture of metal-ceramic constructions of dentures by determining the indicator of their histotoxicity. Materials and methods: To identify the effect of metal alloys on cobalt and nickel bases on the tissue of organism, we carried out an experimental-morphological study of standard samples of metal alloys “Shot-alloy”, “Remanium-2000”, “Cerium”, “Dent-NCB”, “Cellite-N”. Results: A careful histological analysis of the capsules formed around the metal alloy samples during two periods of the experiment showed that the healing time of the subcutaneous tissue was not the same. The most complete healing, that is, the formation of mature fibrous connective tissue, occurred during the implantation of the cobaltbased alloy “Remanium-2000” and the capsule formed at the end of the experiment around the implanted sample from the “Shot-alloy” alloy, and during the implantation of the “Cerium” alloy, healing the wound surface and the formation of a connective tissue capsule occurs fully than in previous cases. Conclusions: The analysis of the performed experiment testifies in favor of the point of view that the speed and quality of healing of damaged subcutaneous tissue upon the introduction of implanted research alloys depend largely on the individual chemical components that make up the alloys, or on their combination.

Implants and bone technology with the use of doped calcium carbonate phosphates

The possibility of obtaining an alloplastic biomaterial for the implant based on doped calcium carbonate-phosphates and polycaprolactone is studied. Nanocrystalline calcium carbonate-phosphate doped with cations of iron, magnesium, potassium, zinc, manganese, and silicon intended for bone repair by drug delivery is investigated. Histological studies have revealed that samples after 60 days in a living organism are covered by a connective tissue capsule. The formation of blood vessels and nerve endings is observed in the capsule.

Morphogenesis lymph node of domestic pig

The visceral and somatic lymph nodes of a pig of domestic 1-120 day old were examined. Found that the lymph nodes have a common connective tissue capsule and different levels of fusion of individual subunits. In the center of each subunit, the capsule forms invaginations of the capsular trabecula, dividing the parenchyma of each structural unit into «Ʊ»-shaped structures, fused with lateral and lower parts. The number and degree of fusion of subunits is different and depends on the age of the animals and the location of the lymph node. The greatest degree of fusion of individual units of the lymph node was found in the superficial cervical and axillary I ribs. In the mandibular, superficial parotid and superficial inguinal lymph nodes, the segments are clearly contoured already in newborn piglets. Segments are predominantly bean-spherical in shape with a wide base. The fusion of the segments occurs in their central part, and on the surface the gates of the subunits are clearly contoured in the form of numerous depressions. In the visceral lymph nodes, the portal and splenic lymph nodes have the smallest segmentation, and the gastric, tracheobronchial, and iliocolic lymph nodes are the largest. The number of segments varies from two in newborn piglets to five in 120-day-old pigs. The variability of the morphometric parameters of the lymph nodes of a domestic pig is due to a different number of afferent lymphatic vessels, and, accordingly, to different scales of the lymphatic basins. Thus, the lymph nodes of the domestic pig are complexes of subunits fused to varying degrees. Somatic lymph nodes are highly segmented. The degree of consolidation of subunits in the visceral lymph nodes is less pronounced. Linear measurements of organs vary depending on the age of the animals, gradually increasing up to 120 days with a tendency for these indicators to prevail in the somatic lymph nodes. Key words: domestic pig, lymph node, subunit, topography, morphometry

Nasopalatine Duct Cyst: A Case Report and Review of Literature

Nasopalatine duct cyst is the most common developmental non-odontogenic cysts seen in the midline region of anterior maxilla. An epithelial remnant of the nasopalatine ducts remain in the incisive canal is the most common etiology. Nasopalatine duct cysts are generally asymptomatic and infrequently produce a swelling and associated pain in the anterior palate if secondarily infected. On radiograph it presents with a welldefined round, oval or heart shaped radiolucency. Histopathologically it shows non-keratinized epithelium typically with neurovascular bundles in the connective tissue capsule. Surgical enucleation is the treatment of choice. In the present case report clinical features, diagnosis and management of nasopalatine duct cyst in a 23-year-old male in the anterior maxillary palatal region is discussed.

Occurrence of black spot disease induced by Posthodiplostomum cuticola (Nordmann, 1832) (Digenea: Diplostomatidae) in endemic and native fish of Turkey: seven new host records

This study was conducted to determine parasite infection with Posthodiplostomum cuticola in eight fish species collected from five Rivers Basins of Turkey (Aras, Çoruh, Sakarya, Marmara and Susurluk River Basins). Five of eight fish species are endemic to Turkey. The highest values of prevalence and mean intensity (60.87%; 4.86) of cysts with metacercaria of P. cuticola were recorded in Alburnus filippii, a native fish species in Ağıl Creek. At the gross examination numerous black lesions were observed at the skin of the fishes. Microscopically black-spot disease was revealed by melanin pigmentation and atrophy of fish muscles in lesioned areas. Parasites were covered by thing connective tissue capsule. Alburnus escherichii, Alburnus filippii, Capoeta tinca, Chondrostoma angorense, Chondrostoma colchicum, Squalius pursakensis and Squalius turcicus were found as new host records for P. cuticola.