scholarly journals Temporal variations in abundance and species richness of phytoplankton with emphasis on diatoms in the subtidal waters of Umm Al-Namil Island, north-western Arabian Gulf of the ROPME Sea Area

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 1470-1485
Author(s):  
Matrah Al-Mutairi ◽  
◽  
M.N.V. Subrahmanyam ◽  
Mohammad Ali ◽  
Sasini Isath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Intertidal Zone ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Subtidal Zone ◽  
Phytoplankton Species ◽  
Kuwait Bay ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Phytoplankton Communities ◽  
Significant Difference

Aim: The present study aimed to understand the physico-chemical factors affecting the abundance and species richness of phytoplankton communities, with emphasis on diatoms at the end of the intertidal zone and start of subtidal zone. Methodology: Water quality and phytoplankton community species richness and abundance were measured in the subtidal waters of Umm Al-Namil Island, Kuwait Bay. Kruskal-Wallis statistical approach was used to measure the effect of various environmental parameters on abundance and species richness as well as abundance-species richness relationships using R statistical software. Results: The physico-chemical parameters showed variations at each sampling event as well as within the same season. Total phytoplankton mean abundance values in summer (22.26 ± 0.66 ind. 5l-1) and winter (21.63 ± 0.52 ind. 5l-1) did not significantly vary and the lowest mean abundance was observed during spring (26.36 ± 0.33 ind. 5l-1). Species abundance showed clear pattern with the events, resulting in somehow a negative relationship. Mean species richness was highest during autumn (24.59 ± 1.51), while no significant difference was observed between spring (11.09 ± 0.33), winter (10.47 ± 0.51) and summer (10.11 ± 0.66). The results indicate that phytoplankton species richness and species abundance in Umm Al-Namil Island varied temporally in response to fluctuations in environmental conditions. Interpretation: The end of intertidal zone and beginning of subtidal zone is affluent in diverse forms of phytoplankton species, specifically diatoms since Kuwait Bay is a eutrophic area mainly due to sewage and urbanization. Therefore, a temporal monitoring is required in order to observe any changes in either physico-chemical or biological factors with time and that will help in future conservation and restoration programs. Conservation approaches should be considered seriously since some diatoms like Melosira moniliformis, Gyrosigma diminutum, Fragilaria martyi, Hemidiscus cuneiformis, Planktoniella sol and Amphiprora plicata have been observed only at one event despite abundance and season.

scholarly journals Phytoplankton communities in temporary ponds under different climate scenarios

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofia Celewicz ◽  
Bartłomiej Gołdyn
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Phytoplankton Community ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Temporary Ponds ◽  
Phytoplankton Species ◽  
Climate Scenarios ◽  
Phytoplankton Communities ◽  
Taxonomic Groups ◽  
Long Photoperiod

AbstractTemporary water bodies, especially vernal pools, are the most sensitive aquatic environments to climate change yet the least studied. Their functioning largely depends on their phytoplankton community structure. This study aimed to determine how temperature and photoperiod length (by simulating inundation in different parts of the year under five climate scenarios) affect the succession and structure of phytoplankton communities soon after inundation. Photoperiod was the most important factor affecting phytoplankton species richness, total abundance and the abundance of taxonomic groups in the course of succession. A long photoperiod (16 h) and a moderate temperature (16 °C) in vernal pool microcosms (late spring inundation after a warm snowless winter) were the most favourable conditions for phytoplankton growth (especially for the main taxonomic groups: chlorophytes and cryptophytes) and species richness. With short photoperiods (inundation in winter) and low temperatures, the communities transformed towards diatoms, euglenoids and cyanobacteria. In line with our predictions, a high temperature (25 °C) favoured a decline in phytoplankton species diversity. Our study shows that climate change will result in seasonal shifts in species abundance or even in their disappearance and, finally, in potential strong changes in the biodiversity and food webs of aquatic ecosystems in the future.

scholarly journals The impacts of anthropogenic disturbance on plant species richness in the freshwater lakes of Algonquin Provincial Park

SURG Journal ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-13
Author(s):  
Adrian Helmers ◽  
Alexis Platek ◽  
Melissa Ponte ◽  
Natalie Secen ◽  
Karl Cottenie
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Human Activity ◽  
Anthropogenic Disturbance ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Access Point ◽  
Plant Species Richness ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Provincial Park

This study quantified the impact of human activity on aquatic and shoreline plant species richness. We hypothesized that human activity at the shoreline would negatively impact plant species richness and that the extent of the impact would depend on the intensity of human activity. To test this, we sampled 11 lakes in Algonquin Provincial Park, of which five permitted motorboat access, and five permitted canoe access and prohibited motorboat access. The remaining lake, which had no designated access point for boats and was only accessible to researchers, acted as a control. To assess the impact of anthropogenic disturbance at each lake, we measured plant species richness in three 10 m by 2 m plots: a first plot at the access point, assumed to be the site of highest disturbance; a second at the site of intermediate disturbance, 30 m down shore from the access point; and a third at the site of lowest disturbance, 60 m down shore from the access point. We found a significant negative relationship between the level of disturbance and plant species richness, both in the motorboat-accessible and canoe access-only lakes. The control lake exhibited no correlation between disturbance level and plant species richness. However, there was no significant difference between motorboat-accessible and canoe access-only lakes in the relationship between disturbance level and plant species richness. Overall, this study highlights the consequences of anthropogenic disturbance on freshwater aquatic and shoreline plant communities, and provides a framework for future management and rehabilitation strategies.

scholarly journals Similar patterns of patterns of community organization characterize distinct groups of different trophic levels in the plankton of the NW Mediterranean Sea

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 431-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Raybaud ◽  
A. Tunin-Ley ◽  
M. E. Ritchie ◽  
J. R. Dolan
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Community Organization ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Core Species ◽  
Phytoplankton Communities ◽  
Species Abundance Distributions ◽  
Nw Mediterranean ◽  
Nw Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Log Normal

Abstract. Planktonic populations were sampled over a 4 week period in the NW Mediterranean, at a site subject to little vertical advection during the Dynaproc 2 cruise in 2004. The characteristics of the phytoplankton, the tintinnid community and the zooplankton have recently been described in detail. Based on these studies, we compared the characteristics of 3 well-circumscribed assemblages of different trophic levels: Ceratium of the phytoplankton, herbivorous tintinnids of the microzooplankton, and large (>500 μm) omnivorous and carnivorous copepods of the metazoan zooplankton. In all three groups, diversity as H' or species richness, was less variable than concentration of organisms. Plotting time against species accumulation, the curves approached plateau values for Ceratium spp, tintinnids and large copepods but only a small number of species were consistently present (core species) and these accounted for most of the populations. For Ceratium core species numbered 10, for tintinnids 11 species, and for large copepods, core species numbered 4 during the day and 16 at night. Ceratium, tintinnids and large copepods showed some similar patterns of community structure in terms of species abundance distributions. Ceratium species were distributed in a log-normal pattern. Tintinnid species showed a log-series distribution. Large copepod assemblages were highly dominated with night samples showing much higher abundances and greater species richness than day samples. However, species abundance distributions were similar between day and night and were mostly log-normal. The paradox of the plankton, describing phytoplankton communities as super-saturated with species, extends to the microzooplankton and zooplankton.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Macrobenthic Invertebrates Distribution in Badagry Creek, South Western Nigeria

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
O. A. Olapoju ◽  
C. A. Edokpayi
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Sand And Gravel ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The aim of the paper is to identify macroinvertebrates distribution in response to induced stressors and physico-chemical parameters of water and sediment. The species composition of macrobenthic invertebrates as well as the physico-chemical characteristics of Badagry creek was investigated monthly. Six sampling stations selected based on different levels of human activities along the creeks stretch and samples were collected monthly from September 2006 to February 2007. The fluctuations of some of the physical and chemical parameters such as pH, dissolved oxygen, BOD and total organic carbon appeared to have been influenced by activities along the study stretch. Analysis of variance (ANOVA)  for all parameters showed no significant differences (P > 0.05) in the parameters but  Post hoc tests analysis using Duncan showed that there was a significant difference (P = 0.05) in the mean total of some of the parameters. pH, clay, sand and gravel were significantly correlated with other parameters while canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) model showed that the environmental variables correlated with significant part of the variations in the individual species abundance and it revealed that dominant species were found to be significantly correlated with dissolved oxygen, total dissolved solids, sand and pH.

scholarly journals Urbanization, Bird Species Richness And Abundance Within Ibadan Metropolis, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Festus Oluwatimileyin Adegbola ◽  
Taiye Adeniyi Adeyanju ◽  
Soladoye B. Iwajomo ◽  
Ibukunoluwa Augustine Ayodele
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Uniform Grid ◽  
Bird Species Richness ◽  
Software Application ◽  
Point Counts ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Habitat Variables

Urbanisation is considered as one of the most profound threat to wildlife, with habitat loss and fragmentation being predominant. This study assessed the impacts of urbanisation on richness, abundance of bird species within Ibadan metropolis, Nigeria. A uniform grid of 500 square meters was installed on the map of Ibadan Metropolis using QGIS to produce 499 grid points distributed across the five urban local governments. 100 grids were selected randomly, identified with mapinR software application and surveyed with 5 point counts within each gird, established at 200m interval to avoid double counting. Each point count was observed for 5 minutes using a pair of 8x42mm binoculars within a 50m radius. Habitat variables like number of buildings, trees, paved roads, communication masts were also recorded. A total number of 56 species of birds were observed at the end of the assessment, classified into 30 families. The test of statistics showed that there was no statistically significant difference in bird species richness between the Local Governments. The test of statistics showed that there was no statistically significant difference in bird species abundance between the local governments. The test of between-subjects effects revealed that there were no statistical significant effects when all the habitat variables were computed in the model on species richness. The number of paved roads and number of vehicles showed a significant effect on bird species abundance while others variables in the model did not exact statistically significant effects on bird species abundance. The study therefore concluded that habitat actions due to urbanisation have not affected the richness and abundance of birds species found in all the local governments. The only habitat variables that have currently exacted significant effect on species abundance within the metropolis are number of vehicles and paved roads.

scholarly journals Factors governing phytoplankton community in the Can Gio mangrove biosphere reserve, Vietnam

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-78
Author(s):  
Thanh-Luu Pham
Keyword(s):  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Phytoplankton Communities ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Can Gio Mangrove ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Chemical Water

This paper covers spatial and temporal variations in phytoplankton communities and physico-chemical water properties in the Can Gio Mangrove Biosphere Reserve (CGMBR), Vietnam based on field measurement conducted in dry and wet seasons of 2010. Phytoplankton samples and water parameter data were collected from nine stations in the CGMBR. A total of 86 species were recorded with clear dominance of Bacillariophyceae, which formed above 90% of the total phytoplankton abundance with average of 48,000 cell/l in dry season and 35,000 cell/l in wet season. Although Chaetoceros and Coscinodiscus were the two most diverse genera, Skeletonema showed high abundance during the studied period. Among the ten environmental parameters tested in this study, salinity, turbidity, nitrate, ammonium and silicon dioxide were found to be significantly different between seasons. On the other hand, no significant difference was found between stations for the studied physico-chemical parameters. Results of CCA indicated that the phytoplankton assemblage in CGMBR was influenced by salinity, turbidity, nitrate, ammonium and phosphate concentration. This is the first study simultaneously investigating the phytoplankton communities and their environment in this area and it is essential to set up the baseline of future studies.

scholarly journals 17 Years Successional Enrichment Plantation of Tree Recruitment and Restoration in Tropical Forestland

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard Eromosele Omomoh ◽  
Victor AJ Adekunle
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Growth Form ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Forest Trees ◽  
Tree Species Composition ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Result Show ◽  
One Way Anova

Abstract BackgroundWe examine the recruitment drive of overstorey and undergrowth of tropical forested reserve by assessing the tree diversity, species composition, species richness, and growth form of the undergrowth on 17 years of post-disturbance. ResultThe result show an increase in the diversity and even distribution of the species of the overstorey, compared to the undergrowth. Conversely, the overstorey has a lower in species richness as compared to the level of undergrowth. One way ANOVA results shows that there is no significant difference (P = 0.341). However, undergrowth density (individual/ha) is found to be significantly (P = 0.000) higher than the overstorey trees.ConclusionsIt is evident that the forest trees and saplings are dissimilar in species abundance, which implies that sapling recruitment is a key determinant of the tree species composition of the forest. It is then concluded that the method adopted for restoration encouraged species diversity in this successional forest.

scholarly journals Similar patterns of community organization characterize distinct groups of different trophic levels in the plankton of the NW Mediterranean Sea

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 4897-4917 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Raybaud ◽  
A. Tunin-Ley ◽  
M. E. Ritchie ◽  
J. R. Dolan
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Community Organization ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Core Species ◽  
Phytoplankton Communities ◽  
Species Abundance Distributions ◽  
Nw Mediterranean ◽  
Nw Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Log Normal

Abstract. Planktonic populations were sampled over a 4 week period in the NW Mediterranean, at a site subject to little vertical advection during the Dynaproc 2 cruise in 2004. The characteristics of the phytoplankton, the tintinnid community and the zooplankton have recently been described (Lasternas et al., 2008; Dolan et al., 2009; Raybaud et al., 2008). Based on these studies we compared the characteristics of 3 well-circumscribed groups of different trophic levels: Ceratium of the phytoplankton, herbivorous tintinnids of the microzooplankton, and large (>500 μm) omnivorous and carnivorous copepods of the metazoan zooplankton. In all three groups, diversity as H' or species richness, was less variable than concentration of organisms. Plotting time against species accumulation, the curves approached plateau values for Ceratium spp, tintinnids and large copepods but only a small number of species were consistently present (core species) and these accounted for most of the populations. For Ceratium core species numbered 10, for tintinnids 11 species, and for large copepods, core species numbered 4 during the day and 16 at night. Ceratium, tintinnids and large copepods showed some similar patterns of community structure in terms of species abundance distributions. Ceratium species were distributed in a log-normal pattern. Tintinnid species showed a log-series distribution. Large copepods communities were highly dominated with night samples showed much higher abundances and greater species richness than day samples. However, species abundance distributions were similar between day and night and were mostly log-normal. The paradox of the plankton, describing phytoplankton communities as super-saturated with species, extends to the microzooplankton and zooplankton.

Assemblage Patterns of Hymenoptera at Different Elevations of Gunung Datuk, Rembau

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noor Nasuha Abd Aziz ◽  
Siti Khairiyah Mohd Hatta ◽  
Idris Abd Ghani ◽  
Saiyid Jalaluddin Saiyid Shaifuddin
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Index Site ◽  
Evenness Index ◽  
Abundance And Diversity ◽  
Richness Index ◽  
Paired T Test ◽  
Malaise Traps

A study on abundance and diversity of Hymenoptera was conducted in Gunung Datuk, Rembau. Samplings were conducted from November 2014 to February 2015 using six Malaise traps. Three traps were placed at Site 1 at 700m height for high elevation and the remaining traps were placed at Site 2 at 200m height for low elevation. A total number of 221 Hymenopteran were collected which consist of nine families namely Ichneumonidae, Formicidae, Braconidae, Bethylidae, Evaniidae, Tiphiidae, Vespidae, Pompilidae and Apidae. In this study, 93 individuals were obtained from Site 1, comprising nine families and 43 morphospecies while 127 individuals were obtained from Site 2 with nine families and 45 morphospecies. Formicidae was the most dominant family collected from both sites with a total of 104 individuals while the least family recorded was Apidae with only one individual. Shannon’s Weiner Diversity Index (H’) showed Site 1 had the higher diversity value with H’ = 3.17 compared to Site 2 with value H’ = 3.12. For Evenness Index, Site 1 had higher value compared to Site 2 with E’ = 0.84 and E’ = 0.82 respectively. Moreover, for Margalef Richness Index, Site 1 recorded R’ = 9.24 while site two recorded R’ = 9.08 which concluded that Site 1 had higher species richness compared to Site 2. Paired t-test showed that both sites had no significant difference with p>0.05. Overall study showed that the diversity and abundance of Hymenoptera in Gunung Datuk were low since the value of H’ is less than 3.50.

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