scholarly journals Phytoplankton communities in temporary ponds under different climate scenarios

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofia Celewicz ◽  
Bartłomiej Gołdyn
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Phytoplankton Community ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Temporary Ponds ◽  
Phytoplankton Species ◽  
Climate Scenarios ◽  
Phytoplankton Communities ◽  
Taxonomic Groups ◽  
Long Photoperiod

AbstractTemporary water bodies, especially vernal pools, are the most sensitive aquatic environments to climate change yet the least studied. Their functioning largely depends on their phytoplankton community structure. This study aimed to determine how temperature and photoperiod length (by simulating inundation in different parts of the year under five climate scenarios) affect the succession and structure of phytoplankton communities soon after inundation. Photoperiod was the most important factor affecting phytoplankton species richness, total abundance and the abundance of taxonomic groups in the course of succession. A long photoperiod (16 h) and a moderate temperature (16 °C) in vernal pool microcosms (late spring inundation after a warm snowless winter) were the most favourable conditions for phytoplankton growth (especially for the main taxonomic groups: chlorophytes and cryptophytes) and species richness. With short photoperiods (inundation in winter) and low temperatures, the communities transformed towards diatoms, euglenoids and cyanobacteria. In line with our predictions, a high temperature (25 °C) favoured a decline in phytoplankton species diversity. Our study shows that climate change will result in seasonal shifts in species abundance or even in their disappearance and, finally, in potential strong changes in the biodiversity and food webs of aquatic ecosystems in the future.

scholarly journals Phytoplankton Communities of Temporary Ponds Under Different Climate Scenarios: Experiments on Vernal Pool Microcosms

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofia Celewicz ◽  
Bartłomiej Gołdyn
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Vernal Pool ◽  
Vernal Pools ◽  
Temporary Ponds ◽  
Climate Scenarios ◽  
As Species ◽  
Phytoplankton Communities ◽  
Total Phytoplankton ◽  
Cold Spring

Abstract Temporary water bodies, especially vernal pools, are the most sensitive to climate change, yet the least studied aquatic environments. Their functioning largely depends on the phytoplankton communities structure. This study aimed to determine how temperature and photoperiod length (simulating inundation in different parts of the year under six climate scenarios) affect the succession and the structure of phytoplankton communities soon after inundation. For longer photoperiods and at lower temperatures in vernal pool microcosms (simulating a cold spring after a warm snowless winter), the phytoplankton community evolved into chlorophytes and cryptophytes. At short photoperiod (inudation in winter, followed by freezing of the water surface) the communities evolved into the euglenoids. Medium temperatures and long photoperiods (late inundation during cool spring) promoted the development of chlorophytes, with high total phytoplankton abundance as well as species richness and diversity. The lack of cyanobacteria dominance, suggests that they will not be the leading group in vernal pools in the temperate zone with progressive global warming. Our study shows that climate change will result in the seasonal shifts of the species abundance or even in their disappearance, and finally in strong changes in the biodiversity and food web of aquatic ecosystems in the future.

scholarly journals Temporal variations in abundance and species richness of phytoplankton with emphasis on diatoms in the subtidal waters of Umm Al-Namil Island, north-western Arabian Gulf of the ROPME Sea Area

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 1470-1485
Author(s):  
Matrah Al-Mutairi ◽  
◽  
M.N.V. Subrahmanyam ◽  
Mohammad Ali ◽  
Sasini Isath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Intertidal Zone ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Subtidal Zone ◽  
Phytoplankton Species ◽  
Kuwait Bay ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Phytoplankton Communities ◽  
Significant Difference

Aim: The present study aimed to understand the physico-chemical factors affecting the abundance and species richness of phytoplankton communities, with emphasis on diatoms at the end of the intertidal zone and start of subtidal zone. Methodology: Water quality and phytoplankton community species richness and abundance were measured in the subtidal waters of Umm Al-Namil Island, Kuwait Bay. Kruskal-Wallis statistical approach was used to measure the effect of various environmental parameters on abundance and species richness as well as abundance-species richness relationships using R statistical software. Results: The physico-chemical parameters showed variations at each sampling event as well as within the same season. Total phytoplankton mean abundance values in summer (22.26 ± 0.66 ind. 5l-1) and winter (21.63 ± 0.52 ind. 5l-1) did not significantly vary and the lowest mean abundance was observed during spring (26.36 ± 0.33 ind. 5l-1). Species abundance showed clear pattern with the events, resulting in somehow a negative relationship. Mean species richness was highest during autumn (24.59 ± 1.51), while no significant difference was observed between spring (11.09 ± 0.33), winter (10.47 ± 0.51) and summer (10.11 ± 0.66). The results indicate that phytoplankton species richness and species abundance in Umm Al-Namil Island varied temporally in response to fluctuations in environmental conditions. Interpretation: The end of intertidal zone and beginning of subtidal zone is affluent in diverse forms of phytoplankton species, specifically diatoms since Kuwait Bay is a eutrophic area mainly due to sewage and urbanization. Therefore, a temporal monitoring is required in order to observe any changes in either physico-chemical or biological factors with time and that will help in future conservation and restoration programs. Conservation approaches should be considered seriously since some diatoms like Melosira moniliformis, Gyrosigma diminutum, Fragilaria martyi, Hemidiscus cuneiformis, Planktoniella sol and Amphiprora plicata have been observed only at one event despite abundance and season.

scholarly journals Towards Modelling Future Trends of Quebec’s Boreal Birds’ Species Distribution under Climate Change

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 335
Author(s):  
Jonathan Gaudreau ◽  
Liliana Perez ◽  
Saeed Harati
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Species Distributions ◽  
Cold Season ◽  
Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Bioclimatic Variables

Adaptation to climate change requires prediction of its impacts, especially on ecosystems. In this work we simulated the change in bird species richness in the boreal forest of Quebec, Canada, under climate change scenarios. To do so, we first analyzed which geographical and bioclimatic variables were the strongest predictors for the spatial distribution of the current resident bird species. Based on canonical redundancy analysis and analysis of variance, we found that annual temperature range, average temperature of the cold season, seasonality of precipitation, precipitation in the wettest season, elevation, and local percentage of wet area had the strongest influence on the species’ distributions. We used these variables with Random Forests, Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines and Maximum Entropy models to explain spatial variations in species abundance. Future species distributions were calculated by replacing present climatic variables with projections under different climate change pathways. Subsequently, maps of species richness change were produced. The results showed a northward expansion of areas of highest species richness towards the center of the province. Species are also likely to appear near James Bay and Ungava Bay, where rapid climate change is expected.

scholarly journals Similar patterns of patterns of community organization characterize distinct groups of different trophic levels in the plankton of the NW Mediterranean Sea

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 431-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Raybaud ◽  
A. Tunin-Ley ◽  
M. E. Ritchie ◽  
J. R. Dolan
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Community Organization ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Core Species ◽  
Phytoplankton Communities ◽  
Species Abundance Distributions ◽  
Nw Mediterranean ◽  
Nw Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Log Normal

Abstract. Planktonic populations were sampled over a 4 week period in the NW Mediterranean, at a site subject to little vertical advection during the Dynaproc 2 cruise in 2004. The characteristics of the phytoplankton, the tintinnid community and the zooplankton have recently been described in detail. Based on these studies, we compared the characteristics of 3 well-circumscribed assemblages of different trophic levels: Ceratium of the phytoplankton, herbivorous tintinnids of the microzooplankton, and large (>500 μm) omnivorous and carnivorous copepods of the metazoan zooplankton. In all three groups, diversity as H' or species richness, was less variable than concentration of organisms. Plotting time against species accumulation, the curves approached plateau values for Ceratium spp, tintinnids and large copepods but only a small number of species were consistently present (core species) and these accounted for most of the populations. For Ceratium core species numbered 10, for tintinnids 11 species, and for large copepods, core species numbered 4 during the day and 16 at night. Ceratium, tintinnids and large copepods showed some similar patterns of community structure in terms of species abundance distributions. Ceratium species were distributed in a log-normal pattern. Tintinnid species showed a log-series distribution. Large copepod assemblages were highly dominated with night samples showing much higher abundances and greater species richness than day samples. However, species abundance distributions were similar between day and night and were mostly log-normal. The paradox of the plankton, describing phytoplankton communities as super-saturated with species, extends to the microzooplankton and zooplankton.

Responses of a phytoplankton community to seasonal and environmental changes in Lake Nansihu, China

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (10) ◽  
pp. 1877 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wang Tian ◽  
Huayong Zhang ◽  
Lei Zhao ◽  
Hai Huang
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Seasonal Variations ◽  
Phytoplankton Community ◽  
Algal Bloom ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Phytoplankton Species ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Phytoplankton Communities

Phytoplankton is the primary producer and the basis of most aquatic food webs. Characterising the variations in phytoplankton communities and the factors affecting these variations in a fluctuating environment are central issues in ecology and essential to developing appropriate conservation strategies. In the present study, seasonal variations in the phytoplankton community and the driving environmental factors were analysed based on data from Lake Nansihu in 2013. In all, 138 phytoplankton species were identified. The phytoplankton community exhibited seasonal variations, with a mean abundance that ranged from 5.00×105 cells L–1 in winter to 4.57×106 cells L–1 in summer and a mean biomass that varied from 0.44mgL–1 in winter to 3.75mgL–1 in summer. A spring algal bloom did not appear in this warm, temperate monsoon lake, but an algal bloom did appear in summer when the temperature and nutrient concentrations were high. There were substantial seasonal variations in the dominant phytoplankton taxa, from Chlorophyta, Bacillariophyta and Euglenophyta in spring to Chlorophyta and Bacillariophyta in summer, followed by dominance of Chlorophyta in autumn and Bacillariophyta in winter. Results of canonical correspondence analysis indicated that although the environmental factors affecting the seasonal variations in different phytoplankton species varied, water temperature, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and ammonia nitrogen appeared to be the most dominant. These four variables were also the main environmental factors driving the seasonal variations in the phytoplankton community in the lake. The results of the present study will be useful in guaranteeing the water quality and ecological security of Lake Nansihu.

scholarly journals Emergent neutrality drives phytoplankton species coexistence

2011 ◽  
Vol 278 (1716) ◽  
pp. 2355-2361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angel M. Segura ◽  
Danilo Calliari ◽  
Carla Kruk ◽  
Daniel Conde ◽  
Sylvia Bonilla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Community Dynamics ◽  
Phytoplankton Community ◽  
Species Coexistence ◽  
Size Structure ◽  
Mechanistic Explanation ◽  
Species Competition ◽  
Phytoplankton Species ◽  
Community Patterns ◽  
Plausible Mechanism

The mechanisms that drive species coexistence and community dynamics have long puzzled ecologists. Here, we explain species coexistence, size structure and diversity patterns in a phytoplankton community using a combination of four fundamental factors: organism traits, size-based constraints, hydrology and species competition. Using a ‘microscopic’ Lotka–Volterra competition (MLVC) model (i.e. with explicit recipes to compute its parameters), we provide a mechanistic explanation of species coexistence along a niche axis (i.e. organismic volume). We based our model on empirically measured quantities, minimal ecological assumptions and stochastic processes. In nature, we found aggregated patterns of species biovolume (i.e. clumps) along the volume axis and a peak in species richness. Both patterns were reproduced by the MLVC model. Observed clumps corresponded to niche zones (volumes) where species fitness was highest, or where fitness was equal among competing species. The latter implies the action of equalizing processes, which would suggest emergent neutrality as a plausible mechanism to explain community patterns.

scholarly journals Phytoplankton adapt to changing ocean environments

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (18) ◽  
pp. 5762-5766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Irwin ◽  
Zoe V. Finkel ◽  
Frank E. Müller-Karger ◽  
Luis Troccoli Ghinaglia
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Phytoplankton Community ◽  
Marine Phytoplankton ◽  
Ecosystem Models ◽  
Environmental Preferences ◽  
Marine Food Webs ◽  
Phytoplankton Communities ◽  
Marine Food ◽  
Carbon Retention

Model projections indicate that climate change may dramatically restructure phytoplankton communities, with cascading consequences for marine food webs. It is currently not known whether evolutionary change is likely to be able to keep pace with the rate of climate change. For simplicity, and in the absence of evidence to the contrary, most model projections assume species have fixed environmental preferences and will not adapt to changing environmental conditions on the century scale. Using 15 y of observations from Station CARIACO (Carbon Retention in a Colored Ocean), we show that most of the dominant species from a marine phytoplankton community were able to adapt their realized niches to track average increases in water temperature and irradiance, but the majority of species exhibited a fixed niche for nitrate. We do not know the extent of this adaptive capacity, so we cannot conclude that phytoplankton will be able to adapt to the changes anticipated over the next century, but community ecosystem models can no longer assume that phytoplankton cannot adapt.

scholarly journals Phytoplankton community structure in the Lena Delta (Siberia, Russia) in relation to hydrography

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 2305-2344 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. Kraberg ◽  
E. Druzhkova ◽  
B. Heim ◽  
M. J. G. Loeder ◽  
K. H. Wiltshire
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Phytoplankton Community ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Permafrost Region ◽  
Laptev Sea ◽  
Freshwater Species ◽  
River Channels ◽  
Direction Parallel ◽  
Phytoplankton Communities ◽  
Lena Delta

Abstract. The Lena Delta in Northern Siberia is one of the largest river deltas in the world. During peak discharge, after the ice melt in spring, it delivers between 60–8000 m3s−1 of water and sediment into the Arctic Ocean. The Lena Delta and the Laptev Sea coast also constitute a~continuous permafrost region. Ongoing climate change, which is particularly pronounced in the Arctic, is leading to increased rates of permafrost thaw. This is likely to profoundly change the discharge rates of the Lena River and the chemistry of the river waters which are discharged into the coastal Laptev Sea, e.g. by increasing concentrations of inorganic nutrients, DOC and importantly methane. These physical and chemical changes will also affect the composition of and interactions between phytoplankton and zooplankton communities, forming the basis of the food web. However, before potential consequences of climate change for coastal arctic plankton communities can be judged, the inherent status of the diversity and linked foodweb interactions within the delta need to be established. As part of the AWI Lena Delta Programme in 2010 the phyto- and microzooplankton community in three river channels as well as four coastal transects were investigated to capture the typical river phytoplankton communities and the transitional zone of brackish/marine conditions. Most CTD profiles from 23 coastal stations showed very strong stratification. The only exception to this was a small a shallow and mixed area running from the outflow of Bykovskaya channel in a northerly direction parallel to the shore (transect 3). Of the five stations in this area three had a salinity of close to zero. Two further stations had salinities of around 2 and 5 throughout the water column. In the remaining transects on the other hand salinities varied between 5–30 with depth. Phytoplankton counts from the outflow from the Lena were dominated by diatoms (Aulacoseira species) cyanobacteria (Aphanizomenon, Pseudanabaena) and chlorophytes, in those stations characterized by river outflow (stations in the Lena itself and in coastal transect 3). In contrast in the stratified stations the plankton was mostly dominated by dinoflagellates, ciliates and nanoflagellates, with only an insignificant diatom component from the genera Chaetoceros and Thalassiosira (brackish as opposed to freshwater species). Ciliate abundance was significantly coupled with the abundance of total flagellates. A pronounced partitioning in the phytoplankton community was also discernible with depth, with a different community composition and abundance above and below the thermocline in the stratified sites. This work represents the first attempt at analyzing the phytoplankton structure of the region of freshwater influence at confluence Lena–Laptev sea.

scholarly journals Structure Of Phytoplankton Communities In Seagraas Ecosystem Of Kelurahan Tongkeina Bunaken Darat District

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Nikita Kekenusa ◽  
Rose O.S.E Mantiri ◽  
Gaspar D Manu
Keyword(s):  
Relative Density ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Phytoplankton Community ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Mesh Size ◽  
Phytoplankton Species ◽  
Phytoplankton Community Structure ◽  
Dominance Index ◽  
Seagrass Ecosystem ◽  
Phytoplankton Communities

This research was conducted at 3 stations in the seagrass ecosystem of the Tongkeina coastal waters district of Bunaken Darat Manado on March 16, 2019, at 10:35 - 13:45 WITA. This study aims to know the types and community structures of phytoplankton in the Tongkeina seagrass ecosystem and its environmental conditions. The method used to collect the sample is sampling. Samples were taken using a plankton net measuring 20 cm in mouth diameter with a mesh size of 60 microns. Based on the results of observations obtained by the composition of phytoplankton species, namely 17 genera of 22 species in 3 classes namely Bacillariophyceae, Cyanophyceae, and Pyramimonadophyceae. The highest density of phytoplankton in Tongkeina waters is at Station 2 (0.360 cells / l) with the highest relative density of Chaetoceros sp. (19.10%). While the highest density of phytoplankton is found at Station 3 (0.516 cells / l) with the highest relative density of Melosira sp. (21.69%). The lowest Diversity Index at Station 2 (H '= 2,217) and the highest at station 3 (H' = 2,284). This shows that overall these waters have moderate diversity values. The lowest Uniformity Index at Station 1 (e = 0.858) and the highest at Station 2 (e = 0.924). This shows that overall these waters have a medium uniformity value. The lowest dominance index at Station 3 (C = 0.119) and the highest at Station 1 (C = 0.127). This shows that no species dominate the waters. The water conditions such as temperature, salinity, pH, and brightness still support the growth of phytoplankton.Keywords: phytoplankton, community structure, seagrass, Tongkeina ABSTRAKPenelitian ini dilakukan pada 3 stasiun di  perairan ekosistem lamun kelurahan  Tongkeina kecamatan Bunaken Darat pada tanggal 16 Maret 2019 pukul 10:35 – 13:45 WITA, dengan tujuan mengetahui jenis dan struktur komunitas fitoplankton yang ada di perairan ekosistem lamun  Tongkeina serta kondisi lingkungannya. Metode yang digunakan adalah Metode sampling. Sampel diambil dengan menggunakan plankton net berdiameter mulut berukuran 20 cm dengan mesh size 60 mikron. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan diperoleh komposisi jenis fitoplankton  yakni 17 genus 22 spesies dalam 3 kelas yaitu Bacillariophyceae, Cyanophyceae, dan Pyramimonadophyceae.Kepadatan tertinggi fitoplankton di perairan Tongkeina terdapat pada Stasiun 2 (0.360 sel/l) dengan kepadatan relatif tertinggi Chaetoceros sp. (19.10%). Sedangkan  kepadatan fitoplankton tertinggi terdapat pada Stasiun 3 (0.516 sel/l) dengan kepadatan relatif tertinggi Melosira sp. (21.69%). Indeks Keanekaragaman terrendah pada Stasiun 2 (H’= 2.217) dan tertinggi pada stasiun 3 (H’= 2.284). Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa secara keseluruhan perairan ini memiliki nilai keanekaragaman sedang. Indeks Keseragaman terrendah pada Stasiun 1  (e= 0.858) dan tertinggi pada Stasiun 2  (e= 0.924). Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa secara keseluruhan perairan ini memiliki nilai keseragaman  sedang. Indeks Dominansi terrendah pada Stasiun 3 (C= 0.119) dan yang tertinggi pada Stasiun 1 (C= 0.127). Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada jenis yang mendominasi perairan. Adapun kondisi perairannya seperti suhu, salinitas, pH dan kecerahan masih menunjang pertumbuhan fitoplankton.Kata Kunci :Fitoplankton, Struktur Komunitas, Lamun, Tongkeina,

scholarly journals Interspecific-Competition Strongly Constrains Species-Richness and Species-Abundance Evenness in a Tropical Marine Molluscan Community Inhabiting Caulerpa Beds, as Compared to Coral-Reefs

2021 ◽  
pp. 26-46
Author(s):  
Jean Béguinot
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Interspecific Competition ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
Habitat Features ◽  
Colonizing Species ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Taxonomic Groups ◽  
Niche Diversification

Increasing species-richness at the local scale (within species communities) is accommodated, first, by the diversification of the niches respectively associated to species. Yet, in case of excessive supply in colonizing species issued from the regional pool, the corresponding increase in the number of solicited niches may lead to some “niche-overcrowding” resulting in significant niche-overlaps. Then, second, strong interspecific competition for shared resource can arise, triggered by the density in individuals among those species co-occurring at niche-overlaps. Accordingly, the accommodation of species-richness within a local community involves a balance between (i) the positive contribution of improved niche-diversification and (ii) the negative consequence of induced interspecific-competition at increasing niche-overlaps once the number of colonizing species becomes too large. This balance can strongly differ according to the local ecological conditions, since the latter are expected to strongly influence the range of “overcrowding-free” diversification of niches. So that, concretely, each community requires a specific analysis, in order to disentangle and quantify the respective contributions of the niche-diversification and the intensity of interspecific-competition to this balance. And, in particular, their respective roles upon both the species-richness and the degree of unevenness of species abundance within community. Beyond its speculative interest, this deeper understanding of the process involved in the hierarchic-like organization of species within community also answers more practical concerns, in particular the stability of species-richness, partly dependent on the intensity of interspecific-competition. In this perspective, we quantify and compare how species-richness accommodation proceeds in two major taxonomic groups, Bivalves and Gastropods respectively, both belonging to a same molluscan community inhabiting Caulerpa beds, in the intertidal-zone of Siquijor Island (Philippines). Then, after having compared these two different taxonomic groups, the influence of environmental conditions on species-richness accommodation is addressed, showing that “Caulerpa-beds” habitat features far-less rewarding to Gastropods communities than can be the classical “coral-reef” habitat.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document