scholarly journals How The Chinese Think about the Family: The ‘Family’ in Chinese Family Firms

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-261
Author(s):  
Heung Wah Wong
Keyword(s):  
Family Firms ◽  
Chinese Family ◽  
The Family

How The Chinese Think about the Family: The ‘Family’ in Chinese Family Firms

Entrepreneurial decision-making and family social capital

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cizhi Wang ◽  
Giulia Flamini ◽  
Kai Wang ◽  
Rong Pei ◽  
Chiyin Chen
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Family Firms ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Chinese Family ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Family Social Capital ◽  
The Family ◽  
Entrepreneurial Decision ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to adopt a collective perspective in the study of entrepreneurial decision-making processes and empirically analyse the ways in which social relationships between family members can shape their collective entrepreneurial decision-making behaviour (ED).Design/methodology/approachThis paper considers the family social capital (FSC) in inducing overall conformity to the focal family member's decision to exploit an opportunity. In terms of the seminal construct of social capital, the authors propose three FSC dimensions that can be used to induce conformity: structural, relational and cognitive dimensions. Then, the authors design questionnaires to collect data pertaining to the relationships between the family members' ED and the FSC. Finally, the authors collect 152 valid questionnaires from Chinese family firms.FindingsThe data analysis consists of two parts. The first section of this paper analyses conformity by testing the discriminant validity of models. Regression analysis is then used to test the relationship between family members' ED and the FSC. Significant relationships between the cognitive dimension of FSC and the entrepreneur's decision-making are found.Originality/valueThe research contributes towards academic literature concerning both entrepreneurship and social capital. On the one hand, this paper is one of the rare pieces of entrepreneurial research that responds to the call for the study of entrepreneurship from a collective perspective. On the other hand, our study quantitatively tests the impact of FSC at a multidimensional level. It provides conclusions regarding the social influence of other family members and provides insights into social capital by studying entrepreneurship from a social/community perspective.

scholarly journals The Uniplex Third: Enabling Single-domain Role Transitions in Multiplex Relationships

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 314-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Bai Li ◽  
Henning Piezunka
Keyword(s):  
Family Firms ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Single Domain ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Role Transition ◽  
Chinese Family ◽  
Dyadic Relationship ◽  
Role Hierarchy ◽  
The Family ◽  
Multiple Domains

Actors in a multiplex relationship—one crossing multiple domains—can struggle to transition into new roles in one domain without disrupting existing interactions and the role hierarchy in another. Via an inductive study of intergenerational leadership successions in seven Chinese family firms, we examine how actors can complete such a single-domain role transition. We find that a succession between the founder/father and the successor/son is successful when the mother (i.e., the founder’s wife) is active in the family but not the firm, acting as a trustworthy third party to the founder and successor in the family while staying nonpartisan to their business disagreements. Limiting her involvement to the family allows the mother to help the founder and successor maintain their existing family roles and interactions while transitioning into new roles in the firm. A mother involved in both firm and family could not stay nonpartisan between the founder and successor, which compromised their trust in her and prevented her from legislating over their multiplex relationship and facilitating the succession. We conceptualize the position of the uniplex third: the network position an actor occupies when she or he is connected in only one domain to two actors who have a multiplex dyadic relationship. Our cases reveal that the uniplex third position grants an actor authority via establishing trustworthiness and nonpartisanship relative to a multiplex dyadic relationship. The uniplex third party can thus facilitate change in one domain and maintain stability in another. We also observe how the mother is inhibited from occupying the uniplex third position when her kin are involved in the firm’s top management. If conflicts exist in the firm between the mother’s nuclear family and her kin, we find the mother disengages from succession-aiding activities in both family and firm domains.

Family Firms, Social Responsibility, and Non-Family Member Employees Identification

Think India ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 10-19
Author(s):  
Ang Bao
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Family Member ◽  
Program Implementation ◽  
Social Identity Theory ◽  
Family Firms ◽  
The Family ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Csr Engagement

The objective of this paper is to find the relationship between family firms’ CSR engagement and their non-family member employees’ organisational identification. Drawing upon the existing literature on social identity theory, corporate social responsibility and family firms, the author proposes that family firms engage actively in CSR programs in a balanced manner to increase non-family member employees’ organisational identification. The findings of the research suggest that by developing and implementing balanced CSR programs, and actively getting engaged in CSR activities, family firms may help their non-family member employees better identify themselves with the firms. The article points out that due to unbalanced CSR resource allocation, family firms face the problem of inefficient CSR program implementation, and are suggested to switch alternatively to an improved scheme. Family firms may be advised to take corresponding steps to select right employees, communicate better with non-family member employees, use resources better and handle firms’ succession problems efficiently. The paper extends employees’ identification and CSR research into the family firm research domain and points out some drawbacks in family firms’ CSR resource allocation while formerly were seldom noticed.

Making gender visible in family business: past and present

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paloma Fernández Pérez ◽  
Eleanor Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
Family Business ◽  
Family Firms ◽  
Business Leadership ◽  
Legal Rules ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
The Family ◽  
Interdisciplinary Synthesis ◽  
Complex Forms ◽  
Rules Of The Game

This  study  contributes  to  developing  our understanding of gender and family business. It draws on studies from the business history and management literatures and provides an interdisciplinary synthesis. It illuminates the role of women and their participation in the entrepreneurial practices of the family and the business. Leadership is introduced as a concept to examine the roles of women and men in family firms, arguing that concepts used  by  historians or economists like ownership and management have served to make women ‘invisible’, at least in western developed economies in which owners and managers have been historically due to legal rules  of  the  game  men,  and  minoritarily women. Finally, it explores gender relations and  the  notion  that  leadership  in  family business  may  take  complex  forms  crafte within constantly changing relationships.

The effects of goals attainment on CEO-owner satisfaction and the role of family involvement

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-127
Author(s):  
Ondřej Machek ◽  
Jiří Hnilica
Keyword(s):  
Family Involvement ◽  
Family Business ◽  
Firm Value ◽  
Family Firms ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Business Goals ◽  
Growth Increase ◽  
The Family ◽  
Owner Satisfaction

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine how the satisfaction with economic and non-economic goals achievement is related to the overall satisfaction with the business of the CEO-owner, and whether family involvement moderates this relationship. Design/methodology/approach Based on a survey among 323 CEO-owners of family and non-family businesses operating in the Czech Republic, the authors employ the OLS hierarchical regression analysis and test the moderating effects of family involvement on the relationship between the satisfaction with different goals attainment and the overall satisfaction with the business. Findings The main finding is that family and non-family CEO-owner’s satisfaction does not differ significantly when economic goals (profit maximisation, sales growth, increase in market share or firm value) and firm-oriented non-economic goals (satisfaction of employees, corporate reputation) are being achieved; both classes of goals increase the overall satisfaction with the firm and the family involvement does not strengthen this relationship. However, when it comes to external non-economic goals related to the society or environment, there is a significant and positive moderating effect of family involvement. Originality/value The study contributes to the family business literature. First, to date, most of the studies focused on family business goals have been qualitative, thus not allowing for generalisation of findings. Second, there is a lack of evidence on the ways in which family firms integrate their financial and non-financial goals. Third, the authors contribute to the literature on the determinants of personal satisfaction with the business for CEOs, which has been the focus on a relatively scarce number of studies.

scholarly journals Are Family Firms More Levered? An Analysis of Family and Non-Family Firms

SAGE Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 215824402110223
Author(s):  
Jahanzaib Haider ◽  
Abdul Qayyum ◽  
Zalina Zainudin
Keyword(s):  
Family Firms ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Maturity Structure ◽  
The Family ◽  
Asian Economies ◽  
The Board Of Directors ◽  
East Asian Economies ◽  
Combined Data

This study analyzes the leverage policies of the family and non-family firms of eight East Asian Economies (Hong Kong, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, and Taiwan) by using combined data of 690 family and non-family firms with 3,224 firm–years over the period 2006–2010. This study has used an ordinary least squares (OLS) regression for analyzing the data for the first question, while for the second question, logit regression has been used as the dependent variable (a binary variable). Prior research on family and non-family firms has revealed that family firms issue less (high) debt than non-family firms. Our analysis on a sample of East Asian Economies discloses that family firms have significantly different leverage levels than non-family firms, but their signs are not consistent. On the contrary, when the owner works as CEO/Chairman or member of the Board of Directors, then the family firms issue less debt than the non-family firms. Besides that, this study adds a new question that has not been addressed in the prior studies. The new question has focused on the speed of leverage adjustment. It is found that family firms and non-family firms regarding their debt maturity structure (short-term debt and long-term debt), the speed of leverage adjustments, and their decision to issue securities (i.e., debt vs. equity) are not significantly different. This study concluded that though family firms have a strong influence on each economy, but in South-East Asian countries, leverage policies of the family firms are not much different than that of non-family firms.

A novel missense mutation of CRYBA1 in a northern Chinese family with inherited coronary cataract with blue punctate opacities

2021 ◽  
pp. 112067212110083
Author(s):  
Shu-Hua Ni ◽  
Juan-Mei Zhang ◽  
Jun Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Missense Mutation ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Bioinformatics Analysis ◽  
Genetic Defect ◽  
Kinase Domain ◽  
Chinese Family ◽  
Heterozygous Mutation ◽  
Scale Invariant ◽  
The Family ◽  
Northern Chinese

Purpose: To demonstrate the underlying genetic defect that contribute to inherited cataract in a northern Chinese pedigree. Methods: The study recruited a family pedigree with a diagnosis of bilateral coronary cataract with blue punctate opacities. Fourteen family members and 100 healthy volunteers were enrolled. DNA sample of the proband in this family were analyzed by high-throughput sequencing, which was then demonstrated by Sanger sequencing in the remained people in the family and 100 controls. The functional effect of mutant genes was investigated via bioinformatics analysis, including Polymorphism Phenotyping version2 (PolyPhen-2), Protein Variation Effect Analyzer (PROVEAN v1.1.3) Scale-Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT), and Mutation Taster. Results: In this three-generation family, a novel heterozygous mutation was found in the kinase domain of CRYBA1 gene (c.340C > T, p.R114C), which was only detected in patients in the family with inherited cataract and were not detected in the remained people in the family nor in normal people. The pathogenic effect of the mutation was verified via bioinformatics analysis. Conclusion: Our study presented the molecular experiments to confirm that a novel missense mutation of c.340 C > T located in exon 4 of CRYBA1 gene results in a bilateral coronary cataract with blue punctate opacities, which enriches the mutation spectrum of CRYBA1 gene in inherited cataract and deepens the understanding of the pathogenesis of inherited cataract.

Born to Rebel? The Owner Birth Order and R&D Investments in Chinese Family Firms

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Helena Li ◽  
Jin‐hui Luo ◽  
Marco De Sisto ◽  
Timothy Bartram
Keyword(s):  
Birth Order ◽  
Family Firms ◽  
Chinese Family

Family dynamics and gender perspective influencing copreneurship practices

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mário Franco ◽  
Patricia Piceti
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Family Dynamics ◽  
Family Firms ◽  
Business Management ◽  
Business Success ◽  
Business Practices ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Family ◽  
And Gender

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to understand the family dynamics factors and gender roles influencing the functioning of copreneurial business practices, to propose a conceptual framework based on these factors/roles. Design/methodology/approach For this purpose, a qualitative approach was adopted, through the analysis of seven businesses created by copreneurial couples in an emerging economy – Brazil. Data were obtained from an open interview with each member of the selected couples who are in charge of firm management. Findings The empirical evidence obtained shows that the most important factors for successful copreneurial family businesses are professionalization, dividing the couple’s tasks and business management. Trust, communication, flexibility and common goals are other essential relational-based factors for the good functioning of this type of family business and stability in the personal relationship. Practical implications It is clear that professionalization and the separation of positions and functions are fundamental for a balance between business management and the couple’s marital life. When couples are in harmony and considering factors such as trust, communication and flexibility (relational-based factors), the firm’s life-cycle and business success become real and more effective. Originality/value From the family dynamics factors and gender roles, this study focused on one of the most important and integrated family firm relationships, copreneurial couples. As there is little research on the heterogeneity of family firms runs specifically by copreneurial couples, this study is particularly important and innovative in the context of a developing economy, such as Brazil. Based on empirical evidence, this study was proposed an integrative and holistic framework that shows the functioning of copreneurial businesses practices.

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