scholarly journals Rural-to-urban migration and migrants’ labour market performance, 2008–16

2018 ◽  
pp. 395-426
Author(s):  
Bob Gregory ◽  
Xin Meng
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Market Performance ◽  
Urban Migration ◽  
Rural To Urban Migration

Does post-migration education improve labour market performance? Findings from four cities in Indonesia

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (9) ◽  
pp. 1139-1153
Author(s):  
Devanto Shasta Pratomo
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Market Performance ◽  
Multinomial Logit ◽  
Work Status ◽  
Urban Migration ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Recent Migrant ◽  
Urban Migrants ◽  
Rural Urban Migration

Purpose The purpose of this paper is twofold: first, to examine which factors are important in determining the post-migration education among rural-urban migrants in Indonesia. Second, to investigate whether investing in post-migration education in the cities improves the labour market performances of rural-urban migrants. The labour market performances are measured by the occupational (work) statuses and earnings (wages) at destination. Design/methodology/approach The determinants of post-migration education are estimated using a binary probit and ordinary least square, while a multinomial logit model and a two-step procedure of Lee’s selection-biased correction based on the multinomial logit are used to examine the effects of post-migration education on the labour market performances of migrants measured by occupational status and by wages. The main source of the data used in this study is the Rural-Urban Migration in China and Indonesia (RUMiCI) 2009-2011 survey conducted in the four largest recent migrant destination cities in Indonesia including Tangerang, Medan, Samarinda, and Makassar. Findings Post-migration education contributes significantly to the labour market performance in terms of work status and wages, compared to pre-migration education. In terms of work status, migrants with more post-migration education are more likely to be employed in the formal sector compared to migrants with less or no post-migration education. Relating to earnings, migrants with more post-migration education also tend to be paid more than those migrants with less or no post-migration education. Originality/value The role of post-migration education in the case of rural-urban migration particularly in developing countries is a relatively neglected area of research. One possible reason is because of the lack of data for rural-urban migration particularly in the case of developing countries. This study is taking advantage by using a new data set from RUMiCI focusing specifically on the rural-urban migrants in the four largest recent migrant destination cities in Indonesia including Tangerang, Medan, Samarinda, and Makassar.

An Overview of Rural to Urban Migration in China and Social Challenges

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-282
Author(s):  
Ziwei Qi
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Rural Populations ◽  
Urban Migration ◽  
Open Market ◽  
Labour Demand ◽  
Social Challenges ◽  
The Past ◽  
Internal Migrations ◽  
Rural To Urban Migration ◽  
Employment Sectors

The rural to urban migration in China represents one of the greatest internal migrations of people in history as rural populations have moved to cities in response to growing labour demand. One major cause of the increased labour demand was the “Reform and Open Market Policy” initiated at the end of the 1970s. The policy amplified the rural to urban divide by promoting a more thoroughly market-based economy with a corresponding reduction in the importance of agricultural production and a greater emphasis on non-agricultural market sectors. As a result, a series of economic reforms have drastically changed the cultural and social aspects of the rural area over the past three decades. Many social problems have been created due to rural to urban migration. These problems include institutional discrimination because of the restrictive household registration policies; social stigmatisation and discrimination in state-owned employment sectors and among urban residents; psychological distress and feelings of alienation.

Demography and Dispossession: Explaining the Growth of the Global Informal Workforce, 1950-2000

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 679-703
Author(s):  
Aaron Benanav
Keyword(s):  
Labor Force ◽  
High Income ◽  
Informal Employment ◽  
Urban Migration ◽  
Demographic Expansion ◽  
Urban Workers ◽  
Urban Labor ◽  
Rural To Urban Migration ◽  
Global Population ◽  
Demographic Growth

AbstractSince 1950, the world’s urban labor force has expanded dramatically, a process that has been accompanied by a large increase in informal employment. Accounts of these phenomena generally assume that urban workers without formal work are mostly recent migrants from the countryside. This article shows that outside of China, most of the growth of the world’s urban workforce has been the consequence of demographic expansion rather than rural-to-urban migration. A large portion of the world’s growing urban-born workforce has ended up in informal employment. I develop a concept of demographic dispossession to explain the relatively autonomous role demographic growth has played, first, in the proletarianization of the global population and, second, in the informalization of the urban workforce. I then explore the reasons why demographic growth in low- and medium-income countries tended to be more rapid and urban than demographic growth had been historically in the high-income countries.

Labour Market Performance from an Employment Perspective

1977 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 315
Author(s):  
Christopher Green
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Market Performance
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document