Pengaruh Konsentrasi Surfaktan Campuran (Span 80 dan Span 20) dan Rasio Volume Emulsi/Fasa Eksternal terhadap Ekstraksi Ion Kadmium (Cd) Menggunakan Teknik Emulsi Membran Cair

Research on the extraction of cadmium(II) ion has been performed using the emulsion liquid membrane technique. This research used laboratory experimental method using benzoyl acetone as a carrier, kerosene as a membrane, nitric acid solution as an internal phase, span 80 and span 20 as a surfactant, and cadmium(II) solution as a sample. The present study was conducted to determine the optimum conditions of cadmium(II) ion extraction in solutions comprising variations in surfactant concentration of spans 80 and span 20 mixtures (1.5–3.5%) and variations in the ratio of emulsion/external phase (1:5–1:7). Determination of remaining of cadmium(II) ion concentration in the sample was analyzed using UV-Vis spectrophotometer at 519 nm wavelength. The results showed that the concentration of mixed surfactants (span 80 and span 20) which resulted in a maximum percent of extraction was 2.5% with 60.11% extraction percentage. In addition, the volume ratio of the emulsion/external phase gave a maximum extraction percentage at a ratio of 1:5.5 with an extraction percent of 78.03%.

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Pengaruh Ion Kadmium(II) dan Nikel(II) pada Ekstraksi Ion Tembaga(II) dengan Ekstraktan 4-Benzoil -1-Fenil-3-Metil- 2- Pirazolin-5-On Menggunakan Emulsi Membran Cair

Jurnal Natur Indonesia ◽

10.31258/jnat.13.3.269-275 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 269 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Baharuddin Hamzah ◽

Noor Jalaluddin ◽

Abdul Wahid Wahab ◽

Ambo Upe

Keyword(s):

Optimum Condition ◽

Liquid Membrane ◽

Phase 1 ◽

Volume Ratio ◽

Mixed Surfactant ◽

Membrane Phase ◽

Internal Phase ◽

External Phase ◽

Percentage Extraction ◽

Span 80

The effects of cadmium(II) and nickel(II) ions to copper(II) extraction using liquid membrane emulsion with 4-benzoyl-3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-on (HPMBP) as an extractant was studied. The optimum condition forcopper(II) extraction were as follows: emulsification rate=2000 rpm, emulsification time=10 minutes, extractionrate=300 rpm, extraction time=15 minutes, concentration of mixed surfactant (span 80+span 20)=3%, volumeratio of membrane phase and internal phase=1:1, concentration of HPMBP=0.020 M, concentration of HCl=1M,volume ratio of emulsion and external phase=1:7. The result showed that the extraction of copper(II) by liquidmembrane emulsion with HPMBP as an extractant was selective to cadmium(II) and nickel(II) ions, relatively. Theresult also showed that in the extraction of 500 mg/l copper(II), the presence of 500 mg/l of nickel(II) was decreasingthe percentage of copper(II) extraction to be 83.73. While, the presence of 500 mg/l of cadmium(II) does notinfluence the percentage extraction of copper(II), relatively.

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CADMIUM REMOVAL USING VEGETABLE OIL BASED EMULSION LIQUID MEMBRANE (ELM): MEMBRANE BREAKAGE INVESTIGATION

Jurnal Teknologi ◽

10.11113/jt.v75.3633 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 75 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

A. L. Ahmad ◽

M. M. H. Shah Buddin ◽

B. S. Ooi ◽

Adhi Kusumastuti

Keyword(s):

Vegetable Oil ◽

Liquid Membrane ◽

Corn Oil ◽

Volume Ratio ◽

Aliquat 336 ◽

Emulsion Liquid Membrane ◽

Cadmium Removal ◽

Internal Phase ◽

External Phase ◽

Span 80

The aim of this research is to quantify the occurrence of membrane breakage in vegetable oil based Emulsion Liquid Membrane (ELM). Basically, ELM consists of three main phases; internal, external and membrane. In this work, the membrane phase was prepared by dissolving Span 80 as surfactant and Aliquat 336 as carrier in commercial grade corn oil. As a way to promote sustainable development, vegetable oil which is environmentally benign diluent was incorporated in the formulation of ELM. The influence of several important parameters towards membrane breakage were studied. They are carrier and surfactant concentration, W/O volume ratio, emulsification time, internal phase concentration as well as stirring speed. Based on the data obtained, emulsion prepared using 4 wt% Aliquat 336 and 3 wt% Span 80 resulted in the most stable emulsion with only 0.05% membrane breakage. The emulsion was produced using W/O volume ratio of 1/3 and it was homogenized with the assistance of ultrasound for 15 min. Moreover, emulsion produced able to provide a fair balance between emulsion stability and Cd(II) permeability as it able to remove 98.20% Cd(II) ions from the external phase.

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Penentuan Kondisi Optimum (Konsentrasi HCl dan Konsentrasi Ion Merkuri) pada Ekstraksi Ion Hg2+ Menggunakan Teknik Emulsi Membran Cair

Jurnal Akademika Kimia ◽

10.22487/j24775185.2017.v6.i3.9443 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 175 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Tri Octivan Supriyatno ◽

Baharuddin Hamzah ◽

Irwan Said

Keyword(s):

Liquid Membrane ◽

Mercury Ion ◽

Membrane Phase ◽

Ion Extraction ◽

Internal Phase ◽

Membrane Technique ◽

External Phase ◽

Optimum Extraction ◽

Percent Extraction ◽

Hcl Solution

Study on the extraction of mercury ion had been done using emulsion liquid membrane technique. The aim of this study was to determine the optimum condition on mercury ion extraction in solutions those include variations in concentration of HCl solution (0.5 to 2.5) M and variation in concentration of mercury (15-35) ppm.This study was conducted using laboratory experimental method with benzoyl acetone as cation carrier, kerosene as membrane phase, HCl solution as an internal phase, Span-80 and Span-20 as surfactants, and mercury solution as the sample. Determination concentration of mercury ion in external phase was analysed using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The result showed that the concentration of HCl solution resulted in the optimum percentage of extraction with the percent extraction of 95.31% was at 2 M. In addition, the concentration of mercury solution resulted in percent optimum extraction of 96.58% was at a concentration of 30 ppm.

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Pengaruh Konsentrasi Surfaktan dan Perbandingan Volume Emulsi dengan Volume Fasa Eksternal Pada Ekstraksi Ion Merkuri Menggunakan Teknik Emulsi Membran Cair

Jurnal Akademika Kimia ◽

10.22487/j24775185.2017.v6.i3.9440 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 165 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nurul Hidayah ◽

Baharuddin Hamzah ◽

Purnama Ningsih

Keyword(s):

Surfactant Concentration ◽

Liquid Membrane ◽

Volume Ratio ◽

Extraction Process ◽

Mercury Ion ◽

Optimal Conditions ◽

Mercury Ions ◽

Ion Extraction ◽

Membrane Technique ◽

External Phase

Mercury ion extraction has been done using emulsion liquid membrane technique a research. The aim of the study is to determine the optimal conditions at the extraction process of mercury ion with research variables, namely variations of the surfactant concentration and the volume ratio of emulsion and external phase (Ve:Veks). In this study, the sample was 20 mg/L of Hg2+ ions in concentration. The concentration of mercury ions remaining in the sample after extraction were analyze using a UV-Vis Spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 490 nm using ditizon as complexation. The optimum condition far varying concentrations surfactant was 2% and the volume ratio of emulsion (Ve) and external phase (Veks) was 1:5 with the percentage of extraction respectively 47.65% and 56.80%.

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Emulsion Stability Tes and Effect of HNO3 Concentration in the Internal Phase on Cadmium Ion Extraction using Liquid Membrane Emulsion Technique

Jurnal Akademika Kimia ◽

10.22487/j24775185.2020.v9.i1.pp34-39 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 34-39

Author(s):

Sahida Sahida ◽

Baharuddin Hamzah ◽

Siti Nuryanti

Keyword(s):

Liquid Membrane ◽

Emulsion Stability ◽

Ion Concentration ◽

Membrane Phase ◽

Cadmium Ion ◽

Hno3 Solution ◽

Emulsion Technique ◽

Extraction Percentage ◽

Ion Extraction ◽

Internal Phase

Study on the emulsion stability and cadmium ion extraction tests was performed using the liquid membrane emulsion technique. This study aimed to determine the emulsion stability between the membrane phase and the internal phase with the variation of the ratio (2:1, 1:1, 2:3, and 1:2), and to determine the maximum conditions of cadmium ion extraction in a solution including the various concentration of HNO3 solution 1, 1.5, 2, and 2.5 M. This study is a laboratory experimental method using benzoyl acetone compound as cation carrier, kerosene as membrane phase, HNO3 solution as the internal phase, span-20 and span-80 as surfactants, and cadmium solution as the sample solution. Cadmium ion concentration in the external phase was determined by UV-VIS spectrophotometer. The result showed that the emulsion stability test which produced the most stable emulsion was in the ratio of the membrane phase and the internal phase 1:1. In addition, the concentration of the HN03 solution resulted in a maximum extraction percentage of 1.5 M with an extraction percentage was 95.28%.

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Effect of Copper(II) and Cadmium(II) Ions Against the Percent Mercury Ion Extraction Using Emulsion Liquid Membrane Technique

Jurnal Akademika Kimia ◽

10.22487/j24775185.2019.v8.i4.pp218-222 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 218-222

Author(s):

Suhartini Musa ◽

Baharuddin Hamzah ◽

Daud K. Walanda

Keyword(s):

Liquid Membrane ◽

Mercury Ion ◽

Sample Solution ◽

Membrane Phase ◽

Emulsion Liquid Membrane ◽

Ion Extraction ◽

Internal Phase ◽

Membrane Technique ◽

Span 80 ◽

Effect Of Copper

The effect of copper(II) and cadmium(II) ions on the percent of mercury ion extraction using an emulsion liquid membrane technique have been performed. This study used HNO3 as an internal phase, mixed span 80 and span 20 as a surfactant, benzoyl acetone as cation carrier, kerosene as membrane phase, and mercury solution as a sample solution. Variations of concentrations of copper(II) and cadmium(II) ions added were 10, 20, and 30 ppm with mercury concentrations of 30 ppm. The result of the research showed that the addition of copper(II) ion with concentrations of 10 to 30 ppm decreased the percentage of mercury ion extraction 30 ppm by 12.12% and the addition of cadmium(II) ion with the concentration of 10 to 30 ppm decreased the percentage of mercury ion extraction 30 ppm by 11.74%.

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Copper(II) Extraction from Nitric Acid Solution with 1-Phenyl-3-methyl-4-benzoyl-5-pyrazolone as a Cation Carrier by Liquid Membrane Emulsion

E-Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2010/235274 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 239-245 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Baharuddin Hamzah ◽

Noor Jalaluddin ◽

Abdul Wahid Wahab ◽

Ambo Upe

Keyword(s):

Nitric Acid ◽

Acid Solution ◽

Nitric Acid Solution ◽

Liquid Membrane ◽

Volume Ratio ◽

Yellow Crystal ◽

H Nmr ◽

Internal Phase ◽

External Phase ◽

Synthesis Yield

Copper(II) extraction from nitric acid solution with 1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-benzoil-5-pyrazolone (HPMBP) as a cation carrier by liquid membrane emulsion (LME) was investigated. The HPMBP initially was synthesized and the synthesis yield is a yellow crystal with melting point of 87-89°C. The synthesis efficiency is 72.04% and generally the spectra of IR,1H NMR and13C NMR agree with HPMBP structure. The optimum condition for copper(II) extraction were found as follows: concentration of mixed surfactant (span 80+span 20) was 3%, volume ratio of membrane and internal phase was 1, concentration of HPMBP was 0.020 M, concentration of HCl was 1 M, volume ratio of emulsion and external phase was 0.143. By using these optimum conditions, 30 mL of LME can extract 1000 ppm of copper(II) within 210 mL of nitric acid solution with extraction percentage of 97.97%.

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Carrier Assisted Emulsion Liquid Membrane Process for Recovery of Basic Dye from Wastewater using Continuous Extractor

Jurnal Teknologi ◽

10.11113/jt.v67.2739 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 67 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Norasikin Othman ◽

Ooi Zing-Yi ◽

Norlisa Harruddin ◽

Raja Norimie ◽

Norela Jusoh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Textile Industry ◽

Liquid Membrane ◽

Volume Ratio ◽

Extraction Process ◽

Membrane Phase ◽

Emulsion Liquid Membrane ◽

Sorbitan Monooleate ◽

Internal Phase ◽

Span 80 ◽

Dye Extraction

Nowadays, water pollution has become major issue especially dye contaminated wastewaters from the textile industry. Dye causes serious environmental pollution and health problems. The removal of color from dye-contaminated wastewaters in the related industries becomes a major concern all over the world. In this research, several parameters of dye extraction and recovery in the continuous emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) process were investigated. This process consisted of three phases which are external (feed) phase, membrane phase and internal phase. The membrane phase was prepared by dissolving extractant bis(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) and hydrophobic surfactant sorbitan monooleate (Span 80) in kerosene as diluents. The internal phase consisted of an aqueous solution of sulfuric acid (H2SO4). The important parameters governing the extraction process of dye such as stirring speed, initial dye concentration, Span 80 concentration and treat ratio (volume ratio of emulsion to external phase) were studied. The results showed that the optimum condition for 25ppm initial concentration of dye extraction are 250 rpm stirring speed, 5% (w/v) Span 80 and treat ratio 1:5. At this condition, the percentage of dye extraction, stripping and recovery were 98%, 82% and 81% respectively. Hence, continuous ELM technique is proven to be a very promising technique in industrial wastewater treatment and recovery of dye.

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Emulsion Liquid Membrane Design in Vitro for Removal of Lead from Aqueous Solution

Oriental Journal Of Chemistry ◽

10.13005/ojc/340609 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 34 (6) ◽

pp. 2747-2754 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Masoud Nasiri Zarandi ◽

Amirhossein Soltani

Keyword(s):

Sulfuric Acid ◽

Liquid Membrane ◽

Volume Ratio ◽

Lead Extraction ◽

Membrane Phase ◽

Emulsion Liquid Membrane ◽

Phase Contact Time ◽

Internal Phase ◽

External Phase

The purpose of this study was to investigate the extraction of lead by emulsion liquid membrane as an effective alternative to conventional lead extraction methods. The emulsion included D-2-ethylhexyl phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) as a carrier, paraffin and kerosene composition as an organic solvent, Span 80 as an emulsifier and sulfuric acid as an internal stripping phase. In this project, 7 effective factors in extraction of lead were chosen by emulsion liquid membrane, which included concentration of sulfuric acid in the internal phase, volume ratio of the emulsion to external phase (Rew), the ratio of organic phase to internal phase (Roi), initial pH of external phase, contact time of the emulsion and external phase, carrier concentration and concentration of surfactant in the membrane phase. After the initial experiments to make a stable emulsion, membrane phase mix (70% paraffin and 30% kerosene), homogenizer speed (12000 rpm) and mixer speed (309 rpm) were selected. The final experiments were designed by Taguchi statistical method. Optimization was done according to higher extraction rate and the effect of each of these factors and their optimal values as well as optimal conditions were determined. By verification test, it was shown that more than 92% of lead can be extracted from a solution with a concentration of 2000 ppm.

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