scholarly journals Related-party disclosures in the two-tier board system in China: Influences of ownership structure and board composition

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan George Shan ◽  
Dennis W. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Ownership Structure ◽  
Supervisory Board ◽  
Listed Companies ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Board Members ◽  
Corporate Board ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Corporate Context ◽  
Supervisory Boards ◽  
Board System

This study concerns related-party disclosures by listed companies in China, in a corporate context of a high concentration of government-linked ownership, a two-tier board system, and the engagement of directors, key managers and major shareholders in direct and indirect transactions and business relationships with their company. Using content analysis of annual reports of listed companies in China over 5-years from 2001 to 2005, results show that the comprehensiveness of related-party disclosures is positively affected by companies’ domestic ownership concentration and the proportion of independent directors on the corporate board. But the proportion of supervisory board members with professional knowledge and experience is, unexpectedly, found to have a significant inverse relationship with the extent of related-party disclosure. Reasons peculiar to the context in China are proffered, particularly the likelihood of internal censorship of the more professionally qualified members of supervisory boards.

How Do Politicians Capture a State? Evidence from State-Owned Enterprises

2020 ◽  
pp. 088832542095348
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Szarzec ◽  
Bartosz Totleben ◽  
Dawid Piątek
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Interest Group ◽  
Ownership Structure ◽  
Supervisory Board ◽  
Board Members ◽  
Private Companies ◽  
Government Administration ◽  
State Capture ◽  
Supervisory Boards ◽  
The Government

This article discusses political state capture in the context of party patronage. Evidence of this is delivered from state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and the rotations of members of their management and supervisory boards. In this case, it is deemed that an interest group, which consists of politicians and representatives in the government administration, decides about the appointment and dismissal of board members through the corporate governance of SOEs and ownership policy of the state. We analyzed the scale and intensity of rotations in Poland of about twelve thousand joint-stock companies in the years 2001–2017 according to their ownership structure. We show that changes of managers and supervisory board members in state-owned enterprises are higher than in private companies and are related to political elections. We estimated that on average three months after a new government is formed, a peak of changes in the composition of boards is observed, though they are earlier in the case of a supervisory board. We conclude that this can be regarded as an example of state capture by politicians.

scholarly journals Corporate board composition in an emerging market

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 33-38
Author(s):  
Alexander N. Kostyuk
Keyword(s):  
Transition Economy ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Supervisory Board ◽  
Board Members ◽  
Board Composition ◽  
Corporate Board ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The Past ◽  
Supervisory Boards

The purpose of this research is to find the factors influencing composition of the supervisory boards in a transition economy with application to Ukraine. This paper is based on the research of 50 largest companies in Ukraine. Period of research is 1998-2005. Methodology of research is based on observations (the first stage) and questionnaires (the second stage). Experience of the supervisory board members in Ukraine is quite poor. Only 24 per cent of members of supervisory boards have a five and more year experience as supervisory board members. The supervisory board members had the strong links with the company in the past as executives. Thus, about 74 per cent of members of the supervisory boards in Ukraine worked as executives of the same company at least during a year for the last ten years. This makes the negative impact on the independence of the members of the supervisory boards. Value of this paper is that it explains an influence of a broad range of factors on the board composition in transition economy.

Does gender diversity in supervisory boards affect gender diversity in management boards in Germany? An empirical analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 239700222199714
Author(s):  
Dennis Fleischer
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Gender Diversity ◽  
Supervisory Board ◽  
Board Members ◽  
Governance System ◽  
Management Board ◽  
Supervisory Boards ◽  
Gender Quota ◽  
The Impact

Social aspects like gender diversity in the boardroom are becoming increasingly relevant and are a popular topic of public debate in the context of gender equality in business. However, there is little clarity about the potential spill-over effects of gender diversity. Both theory and empirical results have led to ambiguous conclusions with respect to the effect of gender diversity in the supervisory board on gender diversity in the management board. In addition, it is not clear whether the German gender quota legislation positively affects this relationship. This study analyses whether gender diversity in the supervisory board supports the gender diversity of the management board, and whether this relationship is affected by the gender quota legislation, focusing on the unique case of Germany. To cope with endogeneity concerns, this study employs a cross-lagged panel model with fixed effects using maximum likelihood structural equation modelling. The results of the analysis of the impact of the number of female supervisory board members on the number of female management board members do not support the view of positive spill-over effects of gender diversity in the environment of the German two-tier corporate governance system. Furthermore, this study finds no evidence of an effect of the German gender quota on this relationship. JEL Codes G38, M12, M14, M51

Geschäftsleiterbinnenhaftung in Großvereinen

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anton Leopold Nußbaum
Keyword(s):  
Supervisory Board ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Board Members ◽  
Legal Practice ◽  
Corporate Board ◽  
Corporation Law ◽  
Common Interests ◽  
Practical Analysis ◽  
Stock Corporation

The internal liability of managers of large associations is becoming increasingly relevant in the context of their growing economic importance, especially considering the stricter compliance obligations. The book develops de lege lata with the help of corporate principles a liability regime for board members and association managers with and without corporate board positions that is in line with common interests. At the same time, the author uses a practical analysis of various association structures to indicate the problems that exist in the realization of liability and recommends de lege ferenda for a mandatory supervisory board for large associations based on the model of stock corporation law. The work addresses equally academics and legal practice as well as the associations themselves.

scholarly journals The Kostyuk report: Executive compensation practices in Ukraine

2005 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
Alexander Kostyuk
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Executive Compensation ◽  
Ownership Structure ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Supervisory Board ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Major Form ◽  
Lack Of Control ◽  
Supervisory Boards ◽  
Lack Of Knowledge

The main research question of this research is: "Does an ownership structure influence performance of executive compensation in Ukraine?". A very detailed investigation of the most active Ukrainian joint stock companies has been undertaken. Total number of the companies under research is 50. Period of investigation is from 1998 to 2003. Fixed-based compensation is still the major form to reward executives at Ukrainian companies. From this perspective, Ukrainian practices for rewarding executives belongs to Continental model, developed in Germany. It can be explained by lack of: appropriate legislation, allowing stock based compensation; liquid stock market; lack of knowledge of directors (members of supervisory boards) on incentive based compensation; lack of control and executive monitoring functions by supervisory board

scholarly journals Board size and composition: The main tradeoffs

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander N. Kostyuk ◽  
Victoria Koverga ◽  
Helen V. Kostyuk
Keyword(s):  
Transition Economy ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Strong Dependence ◽  
Supervisory Board ◽  
Board Members ◽  
Corporate Ownership ◽  
Board Size ◽  
Controlling Shareholder ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Supervisory Boards

The purpose of this research is to find the factors influencing size and composition of the supervisory boards in a transition economy with application to Ukraine. This paper is based on the research of 50 largest companies in Ukraine. Period of research is 1998-2005. Methodology of research is based on observations (the first stage) and questionnaires (the second stage). The research found that there is strong dependence of the size of supervisory boards in Ukraine on the degree of concentration of corporate ownership and origin of the controlling shareholder. Size of the company has a very conditional influence on the board size. Professional skills diversification as a fact that could contribute to the efficient work of the supervisory board is still very weakly developed in Ukraine. Particularly this concerns such expertise as auditing, finance, executive compensation. Experience of the supervisory board members in Ukraine is quite poor. Only 24 percent of members of supervisory boards have a five and more year experience as supervisory board members. the supervisory board members had the strong links with the company in the past as executives. Thus, about 74 per cent of members of the supervisory boards in Ukraine worked as executives of the same company at least during a year for the last ten years. This makes the negative impact on the independence of the members of the supervisory boards.

CSR and sustainability reporting practices in India: an in-depth content analysis of top-listed companies

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 1033-1053 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyanka Aggarwal ◽  
Ajay Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Firm Size ◽  
Ownership Structure ◽  
Sustainability Reporting ◽  
Listed Companies ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Global Reporting Initiative ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Reporting Practices ◽  
Industry Type

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to comprehensively analyze the corporate social responsibility (CSR) and sustainability reporting (SR) practices of Indian companies in terms of disclosure quantity and quality, and to investigate the differences in SR practices by SR dimension, industry, ownership structure, firm size and profitability. Design/methodology/approach Data are collected from annual reports/business responsibility reports (BRR)/CSR/sustainability reports of 60 top-listed companies in India. A comprehensive sustainability reporting index is developed. Content analysis technique is used. Inter-coder reliability is established. Findings Altogether, 18 items of the index are not disclosed by the majority of companies in India. SR quality is found significantly lower than the SR quantity. Moreover, SR practices significantly differ by dimension/category, industry-type and firm-size but are not influenced by ownership structure. However, the study fails to establish any conclusive relationship between SR and profitability. Practical implications The present study has several implications for corporates, practitioners, policymakers and stakeholders. The findings underscore the need for amendments in the Global Reporting Initiative guidelines and BRR framework of the Securities and Exchange Board of India to avoid patchy disclosures and ensure complete reporting by companies. Originality/value This study is among the foremost studies in India evaluating SR practices of top-listed companies in the wake of the mandatory BRR requirement from a quantitative as well as qualitative perspective using a multidimensional index.

scholarly journals Corporate governance and intellectual capital disclosure. An empirical analysis of the Italian listed companies

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Assunta Baldini ◽  
Giovanni Liberatore
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Ownership Structure ◽  
Audit Committee ◽  
Listed Companies ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Board Composition ◽  
Competitive Position

Intellectual capital (IC) as well as disclosure of information on IC has in recent years gained importance. IC is the key issue in strengthening a firm’s competitive position and in achieving its objectives. The purpose of this study is to investigate some determinants of the disclosure of IC in annual reports. In particular the aim of this research is to analyse the internal mechanisms of corporate governance (board composition, role duality, ownership structure, auditor type and size of audit committee), which influence the intellectual capital disclosure in corporate annual reports for a sample of all listed Italian firms at 31st December 2010. It has been used a disclosure index as a dependent variable, (ICD), and the method used to measure it is content analysis.

scholarly journals A practitioner’s research: Director remuneration in Ukraine

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
Alexander N. Kostyuk
Keyword(s):  
Supervisory Board ◽  
Controversial Issue ◽  
Corporate Board ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Supervisory Boards ◽  
Board Performance ◽  
Research Director

Remuneration of members of the supervisory boards in Ukrainian joint-stock companies is the most controversial issue of the corporate board practices. Despite the firm belief of the shareholders that the director remuneration is one of the most important factors influencing the board performance, there are still many companies (21 per cent) where directors are not remunerated for their work on the supervisory board. This report examines practices of the director’s remuneration in Ukraine.

The Influence of Corporate Ownership Structure and Board Members’ Skills on the Accounting Conservatism: Evidence from Non-Financial Listed Firms in Amman Stock Exchange

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 177
Author(s):  
Dea’a Al-Deen Omar Al-Sraheen ◽  
Faudziah Hanim Bt Fadzil ◽  
Syed Soffian Bin Syed Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Ownership Structure ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Accounting Conservatism ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Board Members ◽  
P Value ◽  
Corporate Ownership ◽  
Listed Firms ◽  
Corporate Ownership Structure

The purpose of the current study is to examine the influence of ownership structure and board members’ skills in the practice of accounting conservatism of Jordanian listed firms. The data were obtained from the annual reports of 116 Jordanian listed firms for year 2011. By using the multiple regression analysis, the results show that the influence of corporate ownership structure and board skills on accounting conservatism were somewhat varied. All variables were a positive relationship with the conservatism with the exception of the board multiple directorship which has negative relationship with conservatism. Five hypotheses were developed and offered in this paper, institutional ownership and board financial expertise were supported, while family ownership, board tenure and board multiple directorships were not supported due to the higher level of P-value compared to 0.05. These results refer that corporate governance plays a vital role in enhancing the level of conservatism and reducing the agency conflict. Further, regulators bodies in Jordan should increase the effectiveness role of corporate governance in Jordanian companies in order to enhance the quality of financial reports. In addition, this study opens up avenues for more studies on accounting conservatism not only in Jordan, but also in other countries where this area of study is lacking.

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