Bachmann bundle impairment following linear ablation of left anterior wall: impact on left atrial function

Background: We aimed to evaluate the effect of Bachmann bundle (BB) impairment on electrical and mechanical function of the left atrium (LA), as well as the long-term clinical impact of such impairment. Design: We measured activation time in the five LA walls in 56 patients with atrial fibrillation. LA reservoir, conduit, and contractile function were also evaluated. Patients were divided into two groups based on ablation strategy: the circumferential pulmonary vein isolation (CPVI) group and CPVI with anterior wall linear ablation (LAWA) group. Patients in the CPVI+LAWA group were divided into two sub-groups based on ECG differences following ablation: the BB impairment group and intact BB group. LA activation time and function were then compared between the ablation strategy groups and the CPVI+LAWA subgroups. Results: Patients in the CPVI+LAWA group exhibited longer activation times in the anterior and lateral walls of the LA, poorer LA synchrony, and reduced LA contractile and reservoir function when compared with those in the CPVI group. In the BB impairment subgroup, we observed a discrepancy between electrical/mechanical remodeling. Among five walls, activation time was longest in this region. BB impairment was also associated with reduced LA function. Conclusion: Significant changes in LA function and conductibility were observed in patients with anterior wall ablation, especially those with iatrogenic BB impairment.

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Characterization of morphology and function of the ‘neo-atria’ after a modified Mustard operation

Global Cardiology Science and Practice ◽

10.21542/gcsp.2021.21 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Mohamed Nagy ◽

Hatem Hosny ◽

Amr El Sawy ◽

Ahmed Mahgoub ◽

Magdi H Yacoub

Keyword(s):

Contractile Function ◽

Postoperative Recovery ◽

Long Term Results ◽

3D Segmentation ◽

Mustard Operation ◽

The Right ◽

And Function ◽

Atrial Systole

Background: There is a pressing need to improve early and long-term results of the Mustard operation. A modification of the operation was introduced at the Aswan Heart Centre for this purpose which relies on creating new functional atria rather than the two rigid channels in the classical Mustard operation.Objectives: To evaluate the morphology and function of the neo-atria, shortly after modified mustard operation for a ‘neglected’ patient with TGA, VSD and severe pulmonary hypertension.Methods: A 6-year-old with neglected TGA, VSD and pulmonary hypertension presented with severe cyanosis, clubbing and haemoconcentration (Hb 22 g/dL), underwent the modified Aswan-Mustard operation (MAM) with rapid smooth postoperative recovery. Repeated 2D echograms and multi-slice CT scans, followed by 3D segmentation, were performed after the operation. The size, shape, and morphology of the neo-atria were measured and measurements of the patterns of instantaneous filling and emptying of the right and left ventricles were quantified.Results: The neo-systemic venous atrium consisted of three components with a combined volume of 78 mL/m2, all of which contributed to the reservoir, conduit, and importantly contractile function of the neo-atrium. The pulmonary venous atrium consisted of two components with a combined volume of 66 mL/m2. These measurements were made at atrial end diastole. The volumes of the systemic venous and the pulmonary venous diminished to 51 and 54 mL/m2, respectively, at the end atrial systole - indicating relatively preserved contractile functions.

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Functional proteomic analysis reveals sex-dependent differences in structural and energy-producing myocardial proteins in rat model of alcoholic cardiomyopathy

Physiological Genomics ◽

10.1152/physiolgenomics.00203.2010 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 43 (7) ◽

pp. 346-356 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Rachel L. Fogle ◽

Christopher S. Hollenbeak ◽

Bruce A. Stanley ◽

Thomas C. Vary ◽

Scot R. Kimball ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Contractile Function ◽

System Development ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Alcohol Exposure ◽

Ethanol Exposure ◽

Female Rats ◽

Sexually Dimorphic ◽

Male And Female Rats ◽

And Function

Long-term ethanol exposure leads to a sexually dimorphic response in both the susceptibility to cardiac pathology (protective effect of the female heart) and the expression of selected myocardial proteins. The purpose of the present study was to use proteomics to examine the effect of chronic alcohol consumption on a broader array of cardiac proteins and how these were affected between the sexes. Male and female rats were maintained for 18 wk on a 40% ethanol-containing diet in which alcohol was provided in drinking water and agar blocks. Differences in the content of specific cardiac proteins in isopycnic centrifugal fractions were determined using mass spectrometry on iTRAQ-labeled tryptic fragments. A random effects model of meta-analysis was developed to combine the results from multiple iTRAQ experiments. Analysis of a network of proteins involved in cardiovascular system development and function showed that troponins were oppositely regulated by alcohol exposure in females (upregulated) vs. males (downregulated), and this effect was validated by Western blot analysis. Pathway analysis also revealed that alcohol-consuming males showed increased expression of proteins involved in various steps of oxidative phosphorylation including complexes I, III, IV, and V, whereas females showed no change or decreased content. One implication from these findings is that females may be protected from the toxic effects of alcohol due to their ability to maintain contractile function, maintain efficiency of force generation, and minimize oxidative stress. However, the alcohol-induced insult may lead to increased production of reactive oxygen species and structural abnormalities in male myocardium.

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Bachmann bundle impairment following linear ablation of left anterior wall: impact on left atrial function

The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging ◽

10.1007/s10554-021-02362-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yanjuan Zhang ◽

Fengming Wu ◽

Yu Gao ◽

Nan Wu ◽

Gang Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Left Atrial ◽

Anterior Wall ◽

Atrial Function ◽

Left Atrial Function ◽

Linear Ablation ◽

Bachmann Bundle

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Effects of Valve Surgery on Left Ventricular Contractile Function in Patients With Long-term Mitral Regurgitation

Circulation ◽

10.1161/01.cir.92.4.811 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 92 (4) ◽

pp. 811-818 ◽

Cited By ~ 79

Author(s):

Mark R. Starling

Keyword(s):

Mitral Regurgitation ◽

Contractile Function ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Valve Surgery

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Long-term Effects on the Histology and Function of Livers and Spleens in Rats after 33% Toploading of PEG-PLA-nano Artificial Red Blood Cells

Artificial Cells Blood Substitutes and Biotechnology ◽

10.1080/10731190802554224 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 36 (6) ◽

pp. 513-524 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Zun Chang Liu ◽

Thomas M.S. Chang

Keyword(s):

Red Blood Cells ◽

Blood Cells ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

And Function

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Climate Mobility and Development Cooperation

Population and Environment ◽

10.1007/s11111-021-00387-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Robert Stojanov ◽

Sarah Rosengaertner ◽

Alex de Sherbinin ◽

Raphael Nawrotzki

Keyword(s):

Climate Adaptation ◽

Human Mobility ◽

Climate Impacts ◽

Development Cooperation ◽

Climate Variability And Change ◽

Policy Frameworks ◽

And Migration ◽

And Function ◽

Role And Function

AbstractDevelopment cooperation actors have been addressing climate change as a cross-cutting issue and investing in climate adaptation projects since the early 2000s. More recently, as concern has risen about the potential impacts of climate variability and change on human mobility, development cooperation actors have begun to design projects that intentionally address the drivers of migration, including climate impacts on livelihoods. However, to date, we know little about the development cooperation’s role and function in responding to climate related mobility and migration. As such, the main aim of this paper is to outline the policy frameworks and approaches shaping development cooperation actors’ engagement and to identify areas for further exploration and investment. First, we frame the concept of climate mobility and migration and discuss some applicable policy frameworks that govern the issue from various perspectives; secondly, we review the toolbox of approaches that development cooperation actors bring to climate mobility; and third, we discuss the implications of the current Covid-19 pandemic and identify avenues for the way forward. We conclude that ensuring safe and orderly mobility and the decent reception and long-term inclusion of migrants and displaced persons under conditions of more severe climate hazards, and in the context of rising nationalism and xenophobia, poses significant challenges. Integrated approaches across multiple policy sectors and levels of governance are needed. In addition to resources, development cooperation actors can bring data to help empower the most affected communities and regions and leverage their convening power to foster more coordinated approaches within and across countries.

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Endothelial dysfunction in obstructive sleep apnea patients

Sleep And Breathing ◽

10.1007/s11325-021-02382-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Michał Harańczyk ◽

Małgorzata Konieczyńska ◽

Wojciech Płazak

Keyword(s):

Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽

Sleep Apnea ◽

Endothelial Dysfunction ◽

Right Ventricular ◽

Contractile Function ◽

Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽

Apnea Hypopnea Index ◽

Endothelin 1 ◽

Obstructive Sleep

Abstract Purpose Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. The aim of the study was to assess the influence of OSAS on endothelial dysfunction and thrombosis biomarkers and to evaluate the effect of treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on biomarker levels. Methods NT-proBNP, sICAM-1, endothelin-1, von Willebrand factor, D-dimers, and thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT) were measured in 50 patients diagnosed with moderate-to-severe OSAS. All patients underwent transthoracic echocardiography, and 38 months after the inclusion, 16 CPAP users and 22 non-CPAP users were reassessed. Results Sleep-related indices of apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and mean SpO2 were associated with higher sICAM-1 levels (AHI < 30: 7.3 ± 4.7 vs. AHI ≥ 30: 19.5 ± 19.4 mg/ml, p = 0.04; SpO2 ≥ 90%: 11.9 ± 9.3 vs. SpO2 < 90%: 23.6 ± 25.8, p = 0.04). sICAM-1 levels were significantly higher in obese patients, particularly with BMI ≥ 40. Plasma levels of TAT were significantly correlated with the increased right ventricular size (right ventricular diameter ≤ 37 mm: 0.86 ± 0.70 vs. > 37 mm: 1.96 ± 1.20 ng/ml, p = 0.04). Endothelin-1 levels were higher in patients with decreased right ventricular function (right ventricle TDI-derived S′ ≥ 12 cm/s: 11.5 ± 10.9 vs. < 12 cm/s: 26.0 ± 13.2 pg/ml, p = 0.04). An increase in NT-proBNP was related to impaired parameters of the right ventricular contractile function. There were no correlations between long-term CPAP therapy and the levels of biomarkers. Conclusion Severe OSAS influences endothelial damage as manifested by an increase in sICAM-1 levels. Changes in right ventricular structure and function, observed mainly in patients with higher TAT and endothelin-1 levels, are also manifested by an increase in NT-proBNP levels. Long-term CPAP treatment does not seem to influence biomarkers in patients with moderate-to-severe OSAS, which may help to explain the lack of influence of CPAP on cardiovascular risk reduction.

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Shoulder arthroplasty for juvenile idiopathic arthritis

Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery ◽

10.1177/2309499019890615 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 28 (1) ◽

pp. 230949901989061

Author(s):

Suroosh Madanipour ◽

Aditya Prinja ◽

Marcus Lee ◽

Abbas Rashid

Keyword(s):

Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽

Shoulder Arthroplasty ◽

Preoperative Evaluation ◽

Implant Design ◽

Significant Heterogeneity ◽

Post Operative Pain ◽

Inflammatory Arthropathy ◽

Long Term Follow Up ◽

And Function

There is limited literature to guide shoulder surgeons in the management of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). We aim to help clinicians to formulate an approach to the surgical management of the condition through a review of the available literature on arthroplasty in JIA, general considerations when operating on patients with inflammatory arthropathy and recommendations based on the authors’ experience. Four articles report formal data on arthroplasty in JIA with favourable improvements in post-operative pain and function scores after the long-term follow-up. Significant heterogeneity in treatment and a lack of standardisation in quantitative outcomes highlights the need for further larger scale and higher quality research. The aim of this study is to review the evidence and provide information on preoperative evaluation of surgical candidates, operative techniques, choice of implant design and to evaluate functional outcomes in patients who undergo shoulder arthroplasty.

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