scholarly journals ILLUMINATION OF SPONTANEOUS ECHO CONTRAST WITH HEMORHEOLOGY AND ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY IN MITRAL STENOSIS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziya Bilgel ◽  
Hakan gullu ◽  
Saif Hamad ◽  
Mutlu Kasar ◽  
Tansel Erol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Left Atrium ◽  
Mitral Stenosis ◽  
Left Atrial ◽  
Systolic Dysfunction ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Lateral Wall ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Plasma Viscosity ◽  
Spontaneous Echo Contrast ◽  
Echocardiographic Finding

Backround: Spontaneous echo contrast (SEC) is an echocardiographic finding particularly found in left atrium of patients with mitral stenosis (MS) and known as a risk factor for stroke. However, its pathophysiology is not fully understood. Methods: Forty-eight patients with MS scheduled for percutaneous mitral valvuloplasty were included in the study. Blood samples were taken from the aorta and left atrium (LA) during the procedure. Whole blood viscosity (WBV), plasma viscosity (PV) and peripheral blood smears were obtained and analysed separately from these sites. All participants underwent transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography prior to the procedure Results: Severe SEC (grade 3-4) was found in 23 patients, remaining 25 patients had mild to moderate SEC (grade 0-1-2). Patients with severe SEC had increased LA diameter, area and PV. However, ejection fraction, left atrial appendage (LAA) filling and emptying velocities, LAA lateral wall late systolic velocity, LAA fractional area change and pulmonary vein (PVe) systolic velocity were found to be significantly reduced in patients with severe SEC compared to mild to moderate SEC. On multiple linear regression analysis, atrial fibrillation, left atrium PV and diameter were strongly correlated with SEC grade (Respectively p=0,011, p=0,013, p=0,030). Conclusion: We have shown that AF, systolic dysfunction of LAA and left ventricule, reduced PVe flow velocity, increased LA dimensions and left atrial PV were related with the severity of SEC in patients with mitral stenosis. We demonstrated the relationship between the increase left atrial PV and SEC in addition to impaired hemodynamic determinants in patients with mitral stenosis.

scholarly journals SPONTANEOUS ECHO CONTRAST IN MITRAL STENOSIS: WHY AND HOW?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziya Gokalp Bilgel ◽  
Ibrahim Hakan Gullu ◽  
Saif Hamad ◽  
Mutlu Kasar ◽  
Tansel Erol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Left Atrium ◽  
Mitral Stenosis ◽  
Left Atrial ◽  
Systolic Dysfunction ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Plasma Viscosity ◽  
Left Atrial Diameter ◽  
Spontaneous Echo Contrast ◽  
Reduced Ejection Fraction

ABSTRACTBackgroundSpontaneous echo contrast(SEC) is an echocardiographic finding particularly found in left atrium of patients with mitral stenosis and known as a risk factor for stroke. However, its pathophysiology is not fully understood.Material and MethodForty-eight patients with mitral stenosis scheluded for percutaneous mitral valvuloplasty were included in the study. SEC was graded from 0 to 4 according to its density. Blood samples were taken from the aorta and left atrium during the procedure. Whole blood viscosity, plasma viscosity(PV) and peripheral blood smears were obtained and analysed separately from these sites. Prior to the procedure, all participants also underwent transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography.ResultsSevere SEC(grade 3-4) was found in 23 patients(48%), remaining 25 patients(52%) had mild to moderate SEC(grade 0-1-2). The patients with atrial fibrillation(AF) and hypertension(HT) had more significantly severe SEC compared to other patients. Compared to patients with mild to moderate SEC, patients with severe SEC had increased age, body mass index, left atrial diameter, left atrial area and left atrial PV. However, ejection fraction, left atrial appendage(LAA) filling and emptying velocities, LAA lateral wall late systolic velocity, LAA fractional area change and pulmonary vein(PVe) systolic velocity were found to be significantly reduced in patients with severe SEC compared to mild to moderate SEC. On multiple linear regression analysis, AF, left atrium PV and left atrial diameter were the strongly correlated with SEC grade.ConclusionWe have shown that AF, HT, systolic dysfunction of LAA, increased left atrial dimensions, reduced ejection fraction, decreased PVe flow velocity and increased left atrial PV were related with the development of SEC in patients with mitral stenosis.

scholarly journals Left Circumflex Artery Rupture with Left Atrial Tamponade and Functional Mitral Stenosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Weiting Huang ◽  
Khaled Mohamed Emadeldin Moheb Hammad ◽  
Victor Tar Toong Chao ◽  
Khung Keong Yeo
Keyword(s):  
Left Atrium ◽  
Coronary Sinus ◽  
Mitral Stenosis ◽  
Left Atrial ◽  
Pulmonary Veins ◽  
Fluid Collection ◽  
Artery Dissection ◽  
Circumflex Artery ◽  
Left Circumflex Artery ◽  
Coronary Syndrome

The growth in percutaneous transluminal devices has enabled operators to tackle more complex, native, and post-bypass surgery anatomy. However, complications such as coronary artery dissection, coronary perforation, retrograde aortic dissection, arrhythmias, and acute coronary syndrome still occur with resulting mortality rates of up to 4.2% in complex interventions. Perforation of the circumflex artery is of particular interest in view of its position and relation to the surrounding cardiac structures. This is a site of potential fluid collection, and as the left atrium is fixed to the parietal pericardium at the entry of the pulmonary veins, fluid in the oblique sinus can accumulate enough pressure to compress the left atrium and the coronary sinus. We present a case of left circumflex artery perforation which demonstrates the physiologic complications of coronary sinus and left atrial compression and the resultant functional mitral stenosis.

scholarly journals Spontaneous Echo Contrast in a 73-Year-Old Man with Mitral Stenosis and a Giant Left Atrium

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 424-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celal Kilit ◽  
Basri Amasyali ◽  
Mehmet Ali Astarcioglu
Keyword(s):  
Left Atrium ◽  
Mitral Stenosis ◽  
Spontaneous Echo Contrast ◽  
Giant Left Atrium

Miscellaneous valvar pathology: Mitral stenosis, pulmonary stenosis, and tricuspid regurgitation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazem Rahimi
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Left Atrium ◽  
Tricuspid Regurgitation ◽  
Mitral Stenosis ◽  
Left Atrial ◽  
Pulmonary Stenosis ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Cor Triatriatum

Mitral stenosis is obstruction to inflow of blood from left atrium to left ventricle at the level of the mitral valve. Non-valvar causes of left ventricular inflow obstruction include left atrial tumours and cor triatriatum.

Relation between Sympathetic Overactivity and Left Atrial Spontaneous Echo Contrast in Patients with Mitral Stenosis and Sinus Rhythm

2006 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 242-247
Author(s):  
Ozcan Ozdemir ◽  
Omer Alyan ◽  
Mustafa Soylu ◽  
Serkan Topaloglu ◽  
Dursun Aras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sinus Rhythm ◽  
Mitral Stenosis ◽  
Left Atrial ◽  
Spontaneous Echo Contrast ◽  
Sympathetic Overactivity
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