scholarly journals Hydrogen Peroxide Accumulation Regulated by LjRbohD Modulates Nodulation of Lotus japonicus Under Blue Light

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinqiu Liao ◽  
Li Liu ◽  
Xiaoyan Liu ◽  
Yukun Shang ◽  
Ming Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Blue Light ◽  
Hairy Roots ◽  
Direct Relationship ◽  
Lotus Japonicus ◽  
High Expression ◽  
Nitrogen Fixation Activity ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide Accumulation ◽  
Exogenous H2o2

Abstract In many legumes, roots that are exposed to blue light do not form nodules, and blue light induces the biosynthesis of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The mechanism of blue light restraining nodulation is poorly understood. Whether H2O2 induced by blue light inhibits nodulation needs to be further studied. In this work, blue light could promote the production of H2O2, activate the expression of LjRbohD and LjRbohE, while inhibit the expression of LjRbohB. After applying exogenous H2O2 and diphenyleneiodonium chloride (DPI), the results show H2O2 induced by blue light represses the nodulation of MG20. The accumulated H2O2 may be generated by LjRbohD, which supported by Q-PCR. Cryptochrome 1A, a blue light photoreceptor, is high expression under blue light. However, there seems to be no direct relationship between LjRbohD and LjCry1A. On the contrary, LjRbohB, a positive governor in the regulation of nitrogen fixation activity in L. japonicus, may be negatively regulated by LjCry1A according to the hairy roots transformation results. Therefore, the mechanisms of regulating the nodulation in L. japonicus by LjRbohB and LjRbohD are quite different under blue light. Keywords: Louts japonicus, accumulated H2O2, blue light, nodulation, LjRbohs.

scholarly journals The use of Tn5-mutants Bradyrhyzobium japonicum for regulation of prooxidant-antioxidant processes in soybean plants under drought condition

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 119-124
Author(s):  
S. Ya. Kots ◽  
T. P. Mamenko ◽  
R. A. Yakymchuk
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Bradyrhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Root Nodules ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Nitrogen Fixation Activity

Aim. To investigate the use of soybean seed inoculation by nodule bacteria obtained by transposon mutagenesis to ensure the effective formation and functioning of symbiotic systems by regulating prooxidant - antioxidant processes and reducing the negative effects of drought on crop productivity. Methods. Microbiological, physiological, biochemical methods, gas chromatography and spectrophotometry. Results. It has been proved that due to the activation of protective antioxidant enzymes of catalase, ascorbate and guaiacol peroxidase in soybean roots and root nodules, adaptive rearrangements of plant metabolism occur aimed at stabilizing the content of prooxidants, hydrogen peroxide, in drought conditions. At the same time, the specific nitrogen-fixation activity of soybean root nodules undergoes no significant changes and indicates the preservation of the effective functioning of the symbiotic apparatus, is the result of activation of protective antioxidant processes and adaptation of the soybean symbiotic system with the participation of Tn-5 mutant Bradyrhizobium japonicum B1-20 to dehydration conditions. Conclusions. The use of inoculation of soybean seeds with the Tn-5 mutant Bradyrhizobium japonicum B1-20 leads to regulation of prooxidant - antioxidant protective processes in plants, helps to increase their nitrogen-fixation potential and maintain grain yield under prolonged exposure to drought. Keywords: soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.), hydrogen peroxide, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, guaiacol peroxidase, drought.

scholarly journals Transcriptomics differentiate two novel bioactive strains of Paenibacillus sp. isolated from the perennial ryegrass seed microbiome

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tongda Li ◽  
Ross Mann ◽  
Jatinder Kaur ◽  
German Spangenberg ◽  
Timothy Sawbridge
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Fusarium Verticillioides ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Colletotrichum Graminicola ◽  
Nitrogen Fixation Activity ◽  
Auxin Production ◽  
Paenibacillus Sp

AbstractPaenibacillus species are Gram-positive bacteria that have been isolated from a diverse array of plant species and soils, with some species exhibiting plant growth-promoting (PGP) activities. Here we report two strains (S02 and S25) of a novel Paenibacillus sp. that were isolated from perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) seeds. Comparative genomics analyses showed this novel species was closely related to P. polymyxa. Genomic analyses revealed that strains S02 and S25 possess PGP genes associated with biological nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilisation and assimilation, as well as auxin production and transportation. Moreover, secondary metabolite gene cluster analyses identified 13 clusters that are shared by both strains and three clusters unique to S25. In vitro assays demonstrated strong bioprotection activity against phytopathogens (Colletotrichum graminicola and Fusarium verticillioides), particularly for strain S02. A transcriptomics analysis evaluating nitrogen fixation activity showed both strains carry an expressed nif operon, but strain S02 was more active than strain S25 in nitrogen-free media. Another transcriptomics analysis evaluating the interaction of strains with F. verticillioides showed strain S02 had increased expression of core genes of secondary metabolite clusters (fusaricidin, paenilan, tridecaptin and polymyxin) when F. verticillioides was present and absent, compared to S25. Such bioactivities make strain S02 a promising candidate to be developed as a combined biofertiliser/bioprotectant.

scholarly journals Arabidopsis NATA1 acetylates putrescine and decreases defense-related hydrogen peroxide accumulation

2016 ◽  
pp. pp.00446.2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yann-Ru Lou ◽  
Melike Bor ◽  
Jian Yan ◽  
Aileen S Preuss ◽  
Georg Jander
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide Accumulation

scholarly journals Roles of intracellular hydrogen peroxide accumulation in abscisic acid signaling in Arabidopsis guard cells

2011 ◽  
Vol 168 (16) ◽  
pp. 1919-1926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rayhanur Jannat ◽  
Misugi Uraji ◽  
Miho Morofuji ◽  
Mohammad Muzahidul Islam ◽  
Rachel E. Bloom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Guard Cells ◽  
Abscisic Acid Signaling ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide Accumulation ◽  
Intracellular Hydrogen Peroxide

scholarly journals Αναπρογραμματισμός του μεταβολισμού του Lotus japonicus σε μεταγραφικό, βιοχημικό και μεταβολομικό επίπεδο κατά τη συμβιωτική αζωτοδέσμευση

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Χρυσάνθη Καλλονιάτη
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Metabolite Profiling ◽  
Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Sulfur Metabolism ◽  
Lotus Japonicus ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Model Legume ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Plant Level ◽  
Molecular And Biochemical Mechanisms

Symbiotic nitrogen fixation in legumes takes place in specialized organs called nodules,which become the main source of assimilated nitrogen for the whole plant. Symbiotic nitro‐gen fixation requires exquisite integration of plant and bacterial metabolism and involvesglobal changes in gene expression and metabolite accumulation in both rhizobia and thehost plant. In order to study the metabolic changes mediated by symbiotic nitrogen fixationon a whole‐plant level, metabolite levels were profiled by gas chromatography–mass spec‐trometry in nodules and non‐symbiotic organs of Lotus japonicus plants uninoculated or in‐oculated with M. loti wt,  ΔnifA or  ΔnifH fix‐ strains. Furthermore, transcriptomic andbiochemical approaches were combined to study sulfur metabolism in nodules, its link tosymbiotic nitrogen fixation, and the effect of nodules on whole‐plant sulfur partitioning andmetabolism. It is well established that nitrogen and sulfur (S) metabolism are tightly en‐twined and sulfur is required for symbiotic nitrogen fixation, however, little is known aboutthe molecular and biochemical mechanisms governing sulfur uptake and assimilation duringsymbiotic nitrogen fixation. Transcript profiling in Lotus japonicus was combined with quan‐tification of S‐metabolite contents and APR activity in nodules and in non‐symbiotic organsof plants uninoculated or inoculated with M. loti wt, ΔnifA or ΔnifH fix‐ strains. Moreover,sulfate uptake and its distribution into different plant organs were analyzed and 35S‐flux intodifferent S‐pools was monitored. Metabolite profiling revealed that symbiotic nitrogen fixa‐tion results in dramatic changes of many aspects of primary and secondary metabolism innodules which leads to global reprogramming of metabolism of the model legume on awhole‐plant level. Moreover, our data revealed that nitrogen fixing nodules represent athiol‐rich organ. Their high APR activity and 35S‐flux into cysteine and its metabolites in com‐bination with the transcriptional up‐regulation of several genes involved in sulfur assimila‐tion highlight the function of nodules as a new site of sulfur assimilation. The higher thiolcontent observed in non‐symbiotic organs of nitrogen fixing plants in comparison touninoculated plants cannot be attributed to local biosynthesis, indicating that nodules couldserve as a novel source of reduced sulfur for the plant, which triggers whole‐plant repro‐gramming of sulfur metabolism. Interestingly, the changes in metabolite profiling and theenhanced thiol biosynthesis in nodules and their impact on the whole‐plant sulfur, carbonand nitrogen economy are dampened in fix‐ plants, which in most respects metabolically re‐sembled uninoculated plants, indicating a strong interaction between nitrogen fixation andsulfur and carbon metabolism.

scholarly journals Root Distribution and Nitrogen Fixation Activity of Tropical Forage Legume American Jointvetch (Aeschynomene americanaL.) cv. Glenn under Waterlogging Conditions

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manabu Tobisa ◽  
Masataka Shimojo ◽  
Yasuhisa Masuda
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Root Distribution ◽  
Water Surface ◽  
Nitrogenase Activity ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Nodule Formation ◽  
Nitrogen Fixation Activity ◽  
Fixation Activity ◽  
Net Assimilation ◽  
Waterlogging Treatment

We investigated the root distribution and nitrogen fixation activity of American jointvetch (Aeschynomene americanaL.) cv. Glenn, under waterlogging treatment. The plants were grown in pots under three different treatments: no waterlogging (control), 30 days of waterlogging (experiment 1), and 40 days of waterlogging (experiment 2). The plants were subjected to the treatments on day 14 after germination. Root dry matter (DM) weight distribution of waterlogged plants was shallower than controls after day 20 of waterlogging. Throughout the study period, the total root DM weight in waterlogged plants was similar to that in the controls. Enhanced rooting (adventitious roots) and nodule formation at the stem base were observed in waterlogged plants after day 20 of waterlogging. The average DM weight of individual nodules on the region of the stem between the soil surface and water surface of waterlogged plants was similar to that of individual taproot nodules in the controls. Waterlogged plants had slightly greater plant DM weight than the controls after 40 days of treatment. The total nitrogenase activity (TNA) of nodules and nodule DM weight were higher in waterlogged plants than in the controls. Waterlogged American jointvetch had roots with nodules both around the soil surface and in the area between the soil surface and water surface after 20 days of waterlogging, and they maintained high nitrogenase activity and net assimilation rate that resulted in an increased growth rate.

scholarly journals The effect of inoculation of pea plants with mycorrhizal fungi and Rhizobium on nitrogen and phosphorus assimilation

2011 ◽  
Vol 52 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 435-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Geneva ◽  
G. Zehirov ◽  
E. Djonova ◽  
N. Kaloyanova ◽  
G. Georgiev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Glomus Mosseae ◽  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Glomus Intraradices ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Phosphorus Level ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Nitrogen Fixation Activity ◽  
Fixation Activity

The study evaluated the response of pea (Pisum sativum cv. Avola) to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AM) species Glomus mosseae and Glomus intraradices and Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viceae, strain D 293, regarding the growth, photosynthesis, nodulation and nitrogen fixation activity. Pea plants were grown in a glasshouse until the flowering stage (35 days), in 4 kg plastic pots using leached cinnamonic forest soil (Chromic Luvisols – FAO) at P levels 13.2 (P1) and 39.8 (P2) mg P/kg soil. The obtained results demonstrated that the dual inoculation of pea plants significantly increased the plant biomass, photosynthetic rate, nodulation, and nitrogen fixation activity in comparison with single inoculation with Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viceae strain D 293. On the other hand, coinoculation significantly increased the total phosphorus content in plant tissue, acid phosphatase activity and percentage of root colonization. The effectiveness of coinoculation with Rhizobium leguminosarum and Glomus mosseae was higher at the low phosphorus level while the coinoculation with Glomus intraradices appeared to be the most effective at higher phosphorus level.

scholarly journals Digalactosyldiacylglycerol Synthase Gene MtDGD1 Plays an Essential Role in Nodule Development and Nitrogen Fixation

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (9) ◽  
pp. 1196-1209
Author(s):  
Zaiyong Si ◽  
Qianqian Yang ◽  
Rongrong Liang ◽  
Ling Chen ◽  
Dasong Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Histochemical Staining ◽  
Nodule Development ◽  
Nodule Number ◽  
Nitrogen Fixation Activity ◽  
Fixation Activity ◽  
Infected Cells ◽  
Nodule Symbiosis

Little is known about the genes participating in digalactosyldiacylglycerol (DGDG) synthesis during nodule symbiosis. Here, we identified full-length MtDGD1, a synthase of DGDG, and characterized its effect on symbiotic nitrogen fixation in Medicago truncatula. Immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy showed that MtDGD1 was located on the symbiosome membranes in the infected cells. β-Glucuronidase histochemical staining revealed that MtDGD1 was highly expressed in the infection zone of young nodules as well as in the whole mature nodules. Compared with the control, MtDGD1-RNA interference transgenic plants exhibited significant decreases in nodule number, symbiotic nitrogen fixation activity, and DGDG abundance in the nodules, as well as abnormal nodule and symbiosome development. Overexpression of MtDGD1 resulted in enhancement of nodule number and nitrogen fixation activity. In response to phosphorus starvation, the MtDGD1 expression level was substantially upregulated and the abundance of nonphospholipid DGDG was significantly increased in the roots and nodules, accompanied by corresponding decreases in the abundance of phospholipids such as phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, and phosphatidylinositol. Overall, our results indicate that DGD1 contributes to effective nodule organogenesis and nitrogen fixation by affecting the synthesis and content of DGDG during symbiosis.

Cytokinin- and auxin-induced stomatal opening involves a decrease in levels of hydrogen peroxide in guard cells of Vicia faba

2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi-Gui Song ◽  
Xiao-Ping She ◽  
Jun-Min He ◽  
Chen Huang ◽  
Tu-sheng Song
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Guard Cells ◽  
Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Stomatal Opening ◽  
Scanning Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Diphenylene Iodonium ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Exogenous H2o2

Previous studies have shown that cytokinins and auxins can induce the opening of stomata. However, the mechanism of stomatal opening caused by cytokinins and auxins remains unclear. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels in guard cells and stomatal opening induced by cytokinins and auxins in Vicia faba. By means of stomatal bioassay and laser-scanning confocal microscopy, we provide evidence that cytokinins and auxins reduced the levels of H2O2 in guard cells and induced stomatal opening in darkness. Additionally, cytokinins not only reduced exogenous H2O2 levels in guard cells caused by exposure to light, but also abolished H2O2 that had been generated during a dark period, and promoted stomatal opening, as did ascorbic acid (ASA, an important reducing substrate for H2O2 removal). However, unlike cytokinins, auxins did not reduce exogenous H2O2, did not abolish H2O2 that had been generated in the dark, and therefore did not promote reopening of stoma induced to close in the dark. The above-mentioned effects of auxins were similar to that of diphenylene iodonium (DPI, an inhibitor of the H2O2-generating enzyme NADPH oxidase). Taken together our results indicate that cytokinins probably reduce the levels of H2O2 in guard cells by scavenging, whereas auxins limit H2O2 levels through restraining H2O2 generation, inducing stomatal opening in darkness.

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