scholarly journals Evolution of properties of macadamia husk throughout gasification: hints for a zero-waste energy production system

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linh Vu ◽  
Dinh Nguyen ◽  
Dong Nguyen ◽  
Bay Tran ◽  
Hoai Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Production ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Depth Information ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Zero Waste ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Waste Energy ◽  
Energy Production System

In-depth information about the transformation of biomass during gasification is the key to the sustainable development of this technology. This study elucidated the evolution of physico-chemical properties of macadamia husk throughout relevant industrial gasification conditions. The technical characteristics combined with high kinetics highlighted the suitability of this feedstock for gasification. Non-porous chars with very low surface areas were observed throughout the conversion, which minimizes the potential to use the residues after gasification as adsorbents. Nevertheless, multiple carboxyl and hydroxyl functional groups were present on the char surface. Moreover, an extraordinarily high K content was detected (up to 86 wt% of the char’s total inorganic elements) and evenly distributed on the char surface. Such results consolidated the idea of combining the production of energy and cheap bio-fertilizers using the gasification of macadamia husk. The resulting database offered interesting hints for the development of zero-waste energy production systems with biomass gasification.

scholarly journals Experimental Tests and Modeling on a Combined Heat and Power Biomass Plant

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (13) ◽  
pp. 2615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guido Marseglia ◽  
Carlo Maria Medaglia ◽  
Alessandro Petrozzi ◽  
Andrea Nicolini ◽  
Franco Cotana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Production Plant ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Energy Production System ◽  
Biomass Plant

Renewable energy sources can help the countries to achieve some of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) provided from the recent 2030 Agenda, allowing for clean, secure, reliable and affordable energy. Biomass technology is a relevant renewable energy to contribute to reach a clean and affordable energy production system with important emissions reduction of greenhouse gases (GHG). An innovative technological application of biomass energy consisting of a burner coupled with an external fired gas turbine (EFGT) has been developed for the production of electricity. This paper shows the results of the plant modelling by Aspen Plus environment and preliminary experimental tests; the validation of the proposed model allows for the main parameters to be defined that regulate the energy production plant supplied by woodchips.

scholarly journals Variation in physico-chemical properties of soil under different agri-horti system in Vindhyan region

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1187-1193
Author(s):  
Akankasha Ankita Ekka ◽  
Dileep Kumar ◽  
Anand Prakash Singh ◽  
Awtar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Gradual Improvement ◽  
Available N ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Custard Apple ◽  
Carissa Carandas ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Properties Of Soil

Adoption of unsuitable production system may lead to deterioration of soil physico-chemical properties. Hence, it becomes important to assess the impact of various production systems. For this purpose, a study was carried out to find out variation in physico-chemical properties of soil in agri-horti system based four orchards of Rajiv Gandhi South Campus, Banaras Hindu University, Mirzapur, India. Soil samples were collected from the orchards of custard apple (Annona reticulate), guava (Psidium guajava), bael (Aegle marmelos) and crane berry (Carissa carandas) from two depths (0-15 and 15-30 cm) separately within canopy and out of canopy of different plants. The results of the study revealed that all the agri-horti systems were effective in bringing gradual improvement in the physico-chemical properties of the soil. Among different orchards tried, the custard apple system resulted in the highest improvement in temperature (27.16 oC), moisture (24.53 %) and water-holding capacity (41.80 %), whereas crane berry based system recorded better result in case of bulk density, porosity, electrical conductivity, pH, organic carbon, available N (187.55 kg ha-1) and K (193.46 kg ha-1). Custard apple based system recorded highest DTPA extractable micronutrients (Zn 0.54, Fe 17.23, Cu 0.88 and Mn14.72 mg ka-1).

Nitrogen-Incorporated NaY Zeolite as Promising Basic Microporous Catalytic Material

2010 ◽  
Vol 148-149 ◽  
pp. 957-962
Author(s):  
Tao Wang ◽  
Lan Dong Li ◽  
Guang Jun Wu ◽  
Nai Jia Guan
Keyword(s):  
Condensation Reaction ◽  
Co Adsorption ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Nay Zeolite ◽  
Characterization Methods ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Catalytic Material ◽  
Base Strength ◽  
Knoevenagel Condensation Reaction

A promising basic microporous catalytic material is prepared by nitridation of dehydrated NaY zeolite. The base strength of zeolite framework is enhanced due to the replacement of oxygen by nitrogen with lower electronegativity. Various characterization methods, including XRD, CHN elemental analysis, SEM and FTIR spectra of CO adsorption, are employed to analyze the physico-chemical properties of the nitrogen-incorporated NaY zeolite. High crystallinity and high specific surface areas of NaY are well preserved in nitrogen-incorporated NaY. Compared to parent NaY zeolite, the nitridized materials exhibit improved basic catalytic performances in Knoevenagel condensation reaction and side-chain monomethylation reaction of phenylacetonitrile.

scholarly journals Physicochemical Characterization of Biomass Residue–Derived Biochars in Vietnam

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Van Hien ◽  
Eugenia Valsami-Jones ◽  
Nguyen Cong Vinh ◽  
Tong Thi Phu ◽  
Nguyen Thi Thanh Tam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Physico Chemical

This study compares the physico-chemical characteristics of three different types of biochar produced from biomass residues in Vietnam as a basis for optimising their application in water purification and soil fertilisation.  Wood biochar (WBC), rice husk biochar (RBC), and bamboo biochar (BBC) were produced under limited oxygen conditions using equipment available locally in Vietnam, known as a Top-Lid Updraft Drum (TLUD). The resulting biochars were characterised using a suite of state-of-the-art methods to understand their morphology, surface chemistry and cation exchange capacity.  Surface areas (measured by BET) for WBC and BBC were 479.34 m2/g and 434.53 m2/g, respectively, significantly higher than that of RBC which was only 3.29 m2/g.  The morphology as shown in SEM images corresponds with the BET surface area, showing a smooth surface for RBC, a hollow surface for BBC, and a rough surface for WBC.  All three biochars produced alkaline, with pH values around 10, and all have high carbon contents (47.95 - 82.1 %).  Cation exchange capacity (CEC) was significantly different (p<0.05) among the biochars, being 26.70 cmol/kg for RBC, 20.7 cmol/kg for BBC, and 13.53 cmol/kg for WBC, which relates to the cations (Ca, Mg, K) and functional groups with negative charge (carboxyl, hydroxyl) present on the biochar surfaces.  The highest contents of Ca, Mg and K in rice husk BC may explain its highest CEC values.  Thus, although the biochars were produced by the same method, the various feedstocks lead to quite different physico-chemical properties.  Ongoing work is linking these physico-chemical properties to the biochar efficiencies in terms of nitrate and ammonia capture capacities for use as fertilisers, and for adsorption of heavy metals (Zn, Cu) or water filtration, in order to design optimal biochar properties for specific applications.

Decoration of specific sites on freeze-fractured membranes

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-141
Author(s):  
H. Gross ◽  
H. Moor
Keyword(s):  
Pure Water ◽  
Freeze Fracture ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Surface Forces ◽  
Sulfate Pentahydrate ◽  
Copper Sulfate Pentahydrate ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Water Of Hydration ◽  
Small Container ◽  
Binding Forces

Fracturing under ultrahigh vacuum (UHV, p ≤ 10-9 Torr) produces membrane fracture faces devoid of contamination. Such clean surfaces are a prerequisite foe studies of interactions between condensing molecules is possible and surface forces are unequally distributed, the condensate will accumulate at places with high binding forces; crystallites will arise which may be useful a probes for surface sites with specific physico-chemical properties. Specific “decoration” with crystallites can be achieved nby exposing membrane fracture faces to water vopour. A device was developed which enables the production of pure water vapour and the controlled variation of its partial pressure in an UHV freeze-fracture apparatus (Fig.1a). Under vaccum (≤ 10-3 Torr), small container filled with copper-sulfate-pentahydrate is heated with a heating coil, with the temperature controlled by means of a thermocouple. The water of hydration thereby released enters a storage vessel.

Physico-Chemical Properties of Recombinant Desulphatohirudin

1990 ◽  
Vol 63 (03) ◽  
pp. 499-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Electricwala ◽  
L Irons ◽  
R Wait ◽  
R J G Carr ◽  
R J Ling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Alpha Helix ◽  
Apparent Molecular Weight ◽  
Correlation Spectroscopy ◽  
Nmr Studies ◽  
Recombinant Hirudin ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Recombinant Molecule

SummaryPhysico-chemical properties of recombinant desulphatohirudin expressed in yeast (CIBA GEIGY code No. CGP 39393) were reinvestigated. As previously reported for natural hirudin, the recombinant molecule exhibited abnormal behaviour by gel filtration with an apparent molecular weight greater than that based on the primary structure. However, molecular weight estimation by SDS gel electrophoresis, FAB-mass spectrometry and Photon Correlation Spectroscopy were in agreement with the theoretical molecular weight, with little suggestion of dimer or aggregate formation. Circular dichroism studies of the recombinant molecule show similar spectra at different pH values but are markedly different from that reported by Konno et al. (13) for a natural hirudin-variant. Our CD studies indicate the presence of about 60% beta sheet and the absence of alpha helix in the secondary structure of recombinant hirudin, in agreement with the conformation determined by NMR studies (17)

Physico-chemical properties of the rare-earth metals, scandium, and yttrium

1963 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.M. Savitskii ◽  
V.F. Terekhova ◽  
O.P. Naumkin
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Metals ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
The Rare Earth

Physico chemical properties and gas adsorption separation characteristics of Itaya zeolite and its modified products.

1990 ◽  
Vol 39 (442) ◽  
pp. 996-1000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayao TAKASAKA ◽  
Hideyuki NEMOTO ◽  
Hirohiko KONO ◽  
Yoshihiro MATSUDA
Keyword(s):  
Gas Adsorption ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physico Chemical
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