scholarly journals Surgical Robotics Systems for Deep Brain Neurosurgery

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew M. K. Nassief
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Brain Mapping ◽  
Fault Tolerant ◽  
Surgical Robotics ◽  
Synchronous Communication ◽  
Asynchronous Learning ◽  
Mapping Technology ◽  
Theoretical Paper ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Deep Brain

Robotics systems designed for surgical applications such as Neurosurgery, likely may need to implement synchronous communication in real time and asynchronous learning. It will likely primarily be oriented towards spatial imaging and 3D virtualization, various communication protocols, and calibration settings in order to perform optimal results. In regards to computation, it needs to be heavily fault tolerant in operation. It also needs to be aware of false positives. Likely a complex deep brain surgical robotics system would implement variations of brain mapping technology and may utilize topological neuroanatomy. Various technologies in regards to the mapping of the brain, visualization, robotics and mechatronics systems would need to be in place. This paper is to look at the sciences through a theoretical and conceptual process. This isn’t FDA reviewed for medical accuracy and is meant to warrant a theoretical paper where information is “as-is”. This will hopefully provide a bleuprint for continuing research later on.

scholarly journals Surgical Robotics Systems for Deep Brain Neurosurgery

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew M. K. Nassief
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Brain Mapping ◽  
Fault Tolerant ◽  
Surgical Robotics ◽  
Synchronous Communication ◽  
Asynchronous Learning ◽  
Mapping Technology ◽  
Theoretical Paper ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Deep Brain

Robotics systems designed for surgical applications such as Neurosurgery, likely may need to implement synchronous communication in real time and asynchronous learning. It will likely primarily be oriented towards spatial imaging and 3D virtualization, various communication protocols, and calibration settings in order to perform optimal results. In regards to computation, it needs to be heavily fault tolerant in operation. It also needs to be aware of false positives. Likely a complex deep brain surgical robotics system would implement variations of brain mapping technology and may utilize topological neuroanatomy. Various technologies in regards to the mapping of the brain, visualization, robotics and mechatronics systems would need to be in place. This paper is to look at the sciences through a theoretical and conceptual process. This isn’t FDA reviewed for medical accuracy and is meant to warrant a theoretical paper where information is “as-is”. This will hopefully provide a blueprint for continuing research later on.

Neuro-Clinical Signatures of Language Impairments: A Theoretical Framework for Function-to-structure Mapping in Clinics

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 800-811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferath Kherif ◽  
Sandrine Muller
Keyword(s):  
Brain Mapping ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Language Impairments ◽  
Structure Mapping ◽  
Language Functions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Language Recovery ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Bow Tie

In the past decades, neuroscientists and clinicians have collected a considerable amount of data and drastically increased our knowledge about the mapping of language in the brain. The emerging picture from the accumulated knowledge is that there are complex and combinatorial relationships between language functions and anatomical brain regions. Understanding the underlying principles of this complex mapping is of paramount importance for the identification of the brain signature of language and Neuro-Clinical signatures that explain language impairments and predict language recovery after stroke. We review recent attempts to addresses this question of language-brain mapping. We introduce the different concepts of mapping (from diffeomorphic one-to-one mapping to many-to-many mapping). We build those different forms of mapping to derive a theoretical framework where the current principles of brain architectures including redundancy, degeneracy, pluri-potentiality and bow-tie network are described.

Real-Time and Dynamic Fault-Tolerant Scheduling for Scientific Workflows in Clouds

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongjin Li ◽  
Victor Chang ◽  
Haiyang Hu ◽  
Hua Hu ◽  
Chuanyi Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Fault Tolerant ◽  
Scientific Workflows

Brain shift: an error factor during implantation of deep brain stimulation electrodes

2007 ◽  
Vol 107 (5) ◽  
pp. 989-997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasushi Miyagi ◽  
Fumio Shima ◽  
Tomio Sasaki
Keyword(s):  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Brain Shift ◽  
Mr Images ◽  
Implanted Electrodes ◽  
Error Factor ◽  
Bilateral Surgery ◽  
Second Procedure ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Deep Brain

Object The goal of this study was to focus on the tendency of brain shift during stereotactic neurosurgery and the shift's impact on the unilateral and bilateral implantation of electrodes for deep brain stimulation (DBS). Methods Eight unilateral and 10 bilateral DBS electrodes at 10 nuclei ventrales intermedii and 18 subthalamic nuclei were implanted in patients at Kaizuka Hospital with the aid of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging–guided and microelectrode-guided methods. Brain shift was assessed as changes in the 3D coordinates of the anterior and posterior commissures (AC and PC) with MR images before and immediately after the implantation surgery. The positions of the implanted electrodes, based on the midcommissural point and AC–PC line, were measured both on x-ray films (virtual position) during surgery and the postoperative MR images (actual position) obtained on the 7th day postoperatively. Results Contralateral and posterior shift of the AC and PC were the characteristics of unilateral and bilateral procedures, respectively. The authors suggest the following. 1) The first unilateral procedure elicits a unilateral air invasion, resulting in a contralateral brain shift. 2) During the second procedure in the bilateral surgery, the contralateral shift is reset to the midline and, at the same time, the anteroposterior support by the contralateral hemisphere against gravity is lost due to a bilateral air invasion, resulting in a significant posterior (caudal) shift. Conclusions To note the tendency of the brain to shift is very important for accurate implantation of a DBS electrode or high frequency thermocoagulation, as well as for the prediction of therapeutic and adverse effects of stereotactic surgery.

Fault-Tolerant Strategy for Real-Time System Based on Evolvable Hardware

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (07) ◽  
pp. 1750111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Wang ◽  
Jiwei Liu
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Recovery Time ◽  
Fault Tolerant ◽  
Fault Tree Analysis ◽  
Repair Process ◽  
Evolvable Hardware ◽  
Target System ◽  
Time System ◽  
Real Time System ◽  
Fault Tolerant System

The evolvable hardware (EHW) is widely used in the design of fault-tolerant system. Fault-tolerant system is really a real-time system, and the recovery time is necessary in fault detection and recovery. However, when applying EHW, real-time characteristic is usually ignored. In this paper, a fault-tolerant strategy based on EHW is proposed. The recovery time, predicted by the fault tree analysis (FTA), is considered as a constraint condition. A configuration library is set up in the design phase to accelerate the repair process of the anticipated faults. An evolvable algorithm (EA) based on similarity is applied to evolve the repair circuit for the unanticipated faults. When the library reaches the upper, the target system is reconfigured by the EA-repair technology. Extensive experiments are conducted to show that our method can improve the fault-tolerance of the system while satisfying the real-time requirement on FPGA platform. In a long run system, our method can keep a higher fault recovery rate.

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