scholarly journals Use of mixed methods in road landscape perception studies: an example from Latvia

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 90-97
Author(s):  
Kristine Vugule ◽  
Ilze Stokmane ◽  
Simon Bell
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Landscape Development ◽  
Web Based ◽  
The Road ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Future Developments ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Surrounding Areas

We see, use and interact with different type of landscape every day. One of the important types is the road landscape we encounter during travel, whether a business trip, vacation or just on the way to and from home. Such landscapes can often help to introduce us to new regions or invite us to explore the surrounding areas because we partly experience the world around us from the road. Road landscapes combine important aspects of road and transport infrastructure as well as the quality of life of local people, traffic safety and tourism development. Road landscape development concerns both landowners and road users, each of whom might have different interests and understanding about possible landscape development and its consequences. Therefore, it is important to plan, discuss, present, and evaluate the future developments of any road landscape. The subject of road landscape has been little studied in Latvia. There are no recommendations on road landscape evaluation. Here we present a methodology for assessing perceptions of road landscapes. We aim to introduce several methods in combination that can be used in road landscape assessment, in order to show possible future developments of the road corridor and its surroundings and to test how potential changes might be perceived by road users. A combination of a case study approach, a scenario method, the use of 3D animations and of a web-based questionnaire survey are presented and discussed in the paper.

TOWARDS ROAD SAFETY AUDIT ON ROAD NETWORK OF UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
pp. 32-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Kaskiv ◽  
Andrii Vozniuk ◽  
Liudmyla Nahrebelna
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Road Network ◽  
The State ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Detailed Assessment ◽  
Road Safety Audit ◽  
The Impact

The key role in the implementation of the state transport strategy is played by the development of transport infrastructure, the most important component of which is the road network. The compliance of highways with the requirements of modern traffic flows determines not only the efficiency of industry and agriculture, but also ensuring the proper standard of living of people and the state defense capability. Problems of efficient functioning of public roads, urban roads and streets of Ukraine are outlined. The main provisions for the road safety audit are outlined. Road safety audits are proven to be one of the most effective engineering tools that affect road safety. The main benefit of road safety audit is the detailed assessment of the road safety design solutions at all stages of design. The purpose of a road safety audit is to answer the following questions: - what road elements could pose a threat to road users: to what extent, to what road users and under what circumstances; - what opportunities exist to eliminate or reduce the impact of identified threats on traffic safety. The earlier an audit is carried out in the design and construction processes, the better and more useful the results are. Carrying out an audit in the early stages can help eliminate problems early and, as a consequence, minimize the time and cost of redesigning in the subsequent stages. In addition, it should be noted that conducting an audit leads to intensive negotiations between the auditors, the customer and the designer. Such negotiations are useful for raising awareness of all stakeholders, as well as for improving day-to-day work, design procedures and will be useful for updating building standards or norms. The questions of improvement of methods of calculation of safe speed of movement, development of algorithms of multivariate analysis of conditions of movement, identification of potentially dangerous sites and identification of causes of danger are considered. A mechanism is provided that can significantly accelerate such an audit, effectively utilize human, time and financial resources. Keywords: audit, algorithm, traffic safety, road, method, model, speed.

scholarly journals The Effects of ITS Application in Speed Management on State Road From Mali Pozarevac to Kragujevac

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomislav Petrović ◽  
Miloš Milosavljević ◽  
Milan Božović ◽  
Danislav Drašković ◽  
Milija Radović
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Speed Limit ◽  
Accident Risk ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Speed Management ◽  
On The Road

The application of intelligent transport systems (hereinafter ITSs) on roads enables continuous monitoring of road users during a whole year with the aim to collect good-quality data based on which the more complex analyses could be done, such as monitoring of certain traffic safety indicators. Automatic traffic counters are one of the most commonly implemented ITSs for collecting traffic flow parameters that are relevant for traffic management on state roads in Republic of Serbia. This paper presents one of the possible ways to collect, analyze and present data on road users’ speeds using automatic traffic counters, where certain traffic safety indicators are analyzed in terms of road users’ compliance with the speed limit on the road section from Mali Pozarevac to Kragujevac. Based on the analyses of data downloaded from automatic traffic counters, it is observed that an extremely high percentage of vehicles drive at speed higher than the speed limit, indicating clearly to higher traffic accident risk, as well as to the need for a tendency to implement speed management on roads using ITS in the forthcoming period.

scholarly journals Exploring the Informal Communication of Driver-to-Driver on Roads: A Case Study of Durban City, South Africa.

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Jacob Adedayo Adedeji ◽  
Xoliswa Feikie
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Road User ◽  
Novice Drivers ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Hand Signal ◽  
On The Road

Road traffic fatality is rated as one of the ten causes of death in the world and with various preventive measures on a global level, this prediction is only placed on flat terrain and didn’t reduce. Nevertheless, road users’ communication is an essential key to traffic safety. This communication, be it formal or informal between the road users is an important factor for smooth traffic flow and safety. Communication language on roads can be categorized into; formal device-based signal (formal signal), formal hand signal (formal signal), informal device-based signal (informal signal), and informal gesture-based signal (everyday signal). However, if the intent of the message conveys is not properly understood by the other road user, mistakes and errors may set in. Overall, the formal signal is based on explicit learning which occurs during the driving training and the license testing process and the informal, implicit learning occur during the actual driving process on the road unintentionally. Furthermore, since the informal signal is not a prerequisite to driving or taught in driving schools, novice drivers are clueless and thus, might have contributed to errors and mistakes which leads to traffic fatalities. Therefore, this study seeks to document the informal means of communication between drivers on South African roads. Consequently, a qualitative semi-structured interview questionnaire would be used in the collection of informal signals, which were predominantly used on South African roads from driving instructors and thereafter, a focus group of passengers’ car, commercial and truck drivers will be used to validate the availability and their understanding of these informal signals using a Likert-type scale for the confidence level. In conclusion, the information gathered from this study will help improve road safety and understanding of road users especially drivers on the necessity of communication and possible adaptation for other developing countries.

scholarly journals Improving V2X-6G network capacity using a new UAV-based approach in a Cloud/ICN architecture, case Study: VANET network

2021 ◽  
Vol 297 ◽  
pp. 01019
Author(s):  
Abdeslam Houari ◽  
Tomader Mazri
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Networks ◽  
Network Capacity ◽  
Intelligent Environment ◽  
New Approach ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
On The Road

6G of mobile networks plays a crucial role in improving the capacity and enhancing the quality of services of Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) based networks evolving in an intelligent environment. VANET is a promising project in the intelligent transportation field using V2X communications. The emergence of several 5G and 6G technologies has raised several challenges for scientists and researchers to allow vehicles and road users to enjoy several services while ensuring their safety on the road. Among these technologies, the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), which can perform different tasks for road users and vehicle drivers such as data caching, packet relaying and processing. In this article, we present a new approach based on 6G Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) technology on a vehicular cloud architecture while exploiting the exchange support of information-centric networking (ICN) for the improvement of network capacity.

scholarly journals Scoping Review of the Driving Behaviour of and Driver Training Programs for People on the Autism Spectrum

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan J. Wilson ◽  
Hoe C. Lee ◽  
Sharmila Vaz ◽  
Priscilla Vindin ◽  
Reinie Cordier
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Driver Training ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Effective Training ◽  
On The Road ◽  
And Training

Gaining a driver’s licence represents increased independence and can lead to improved quality of life for individuals and their families. Learning to drive a motor vehicle and maintaining safe on-road skills are often more difficult for people on the autism spectrum. Many countries currently have no autism-specific licencing requirements for learner drivers, and there is a general lack of ASD-specific support and training packages for individuals, their families, and driving instructors. This review synthesises the peer-reviewed literature about the driving characteristics of drivers on the spectrum and driver training available for the cohort. The evidence in this review showed that individuals on the autism spectrum drive differently from their neurotypical counterparts. There are shortcomings in tactical skills of drivers on the autism spectrum, but the extent to which this affects their own safety or the safety of other road users is unclear. Tactical skills can be improved through training programs. There are few autism spectrum-specific learner training programs available. Development of an effective training program will benefit individuals on the spectrum to learn to drive, be independent, and be safe on the road.

scholarly journals Exploring the Informal Communication of Driver-to-Driver on Roads: A Case Study of Durban City, South Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Jacob Adedayo Adedeji ◽  
Xoliswa E Feikie
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Road User ◽  
Novice Drivers ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Hand Signal ◽  
On The Road

Road traffic fatality is rated as one of the ten causes of death in the world and with various preventive measures on a global level, this prediction is only placed on flat terrain and didn’t reduce. Nevertheless, road users’ communication is an essential key to traffic safety. This communication, be it formal or informal between the road users is an important factor for smooth traffic flow and safety. Communication language on roads can be categorized into; formal device-based signal (formal signal), formal hand signal (formal signal), informal device-based signal (informal signal), and informal gesture-based signal (everyday signal). However, if the intent of the message conveys is not properly understood by the other road user, mistakes and errors may set in. Overall, the formal signal is based on explicit learning which occurs during the driving training and the license testing process and the informal, implicit learning occur during the actual driving process on the road unintentionally. Furthermore, since the informal signal is not a prerequisite to driving or taught in driving schools, novice drivers are clueless and thus, might have contributed to errors and mistakes which leads to traffic fatalities. Therefore, this study seeks to document the informal means of communication between drivers on South African roads. Consequently, a qualitative semi-structured interview questionnaire would be used in the collection of informal signals, which were predominantly used on South African roads from driving instructors and thereafter, a focus group of passengers’ car, commercial and truck drivers will be used to validate the availability and their understanding of these informal signals using a Likert-type scale for the confidence level. In conclusion, the information gathered from this study will help improve road safety and understanding of road users especially drivers on the necessity of communication and possible adaptation for other developing countries.

scholarly journals Prospects for Social and Economic Development of Krasnodar Krai in the Context of National Transport Infrastructural Projects

2020 ◽  
pp. 122-130
Author(s):  
Olga Patrakeeva
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Western China ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Accident Rate ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Krasnodar Krai ◽  
The Road ◽  
Comprehensive Plan

The discrepancy between the pace of economic growth rates, needs of enterprises and population for transportation, quality of the road network is a significant infrastructural limitation for growth. The paper is devoted to the analysis of large scale investment projects aimed at the removal of infrastructural restrictions, i.e. the national project “Secure and High-Quality Roads” and “Comprehensive Plan for the Modernization and Expansion of Main Infrastructure”. It is noted that the project “Secure and High-Quality Roads” for Krasnodar Krai will become a prerequisite for the effectiveness of transport infrastructure. “Comprehensive Plan for the Modernization and Expansion of the Main Infrastructure” including such federal projects as “Europe – Western China”, “Sea Ports of Russia”, “Northern Sea Route”, “Railway Transport and Transit”, “Transport and Logistics Centers”, “Communications Between the Centers of Economic Growth”, “Development of Regional Airports and Routes”, “High-Speed Rail Links”, “Inland Waterways” will increase the investment activity in the transport sector of the region. The paper presents the results of statistical analysis aimed at the identification of significant economic effect from capital investments in the road infrastructure of Krasnodar Krai. It is revealed that investments into transport and communications stimulate the economic growth and also reduce the accident rate on highways in the long run. In addition, the increase in the density of paved public roads stimulates the passenger turnover in the short run and is also a significant factor in the reduction of the accident rate. The downward trend of paved roads in the total length of roads indicates the necessity to invest in the improvement of the quality of existing roads. The author emphasizes that in order to achieve the goals mentioned in the infrastructural projects under analysis, it is necessary to improve the monitoring system of content and development of the infrastructural frame of the territory, evaluate the effectiveness of administrative decisions for the accomplishment of the goals indicated in the infrastructural projects under analysis.

scholarly journals Modeling the Complexity of Road Accidents Prevention

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-41
Author(s):  
Alex Kizito ◽  
Agnes Rwashana Semwanga
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Dynamic Interactions ◽  
The Road ◽  
Dynamic Synthesis ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Synthesis Methodology

Simplistic representations of traffic safety disregard the dynamic interactions between the components of the road transport system (RTS). The resultant road accident (RA) preventive measures are consequently focused almost solely on individual/team failures at the sharp end of the RTS (mainly the road users). The RTS is complex and therefore cannot be easily understood by studying the system parts in isolation. The study modeled the occurrence of road accidents in Uganda using the dynamic synthesis methodology (DSM). This article presents the work done in the first three stages of the DSM. Data was collected from various stakeholders including road users, traffic police officers, road users, and road constructors. The study focused on RA prevention by considering the linear and non-linear interactions of the variables during the pre-crash phase. Qualitative models were developed and from these, key leverage points that could possibly lower the road accident incidences demonstrating the need for a shared system wide responsibility for road safety at all levels are suggested.

Quality Assurance Issues for a Web-Based Degree in Motor Disability Assessment

2003 ◽  
pp. 34-49
Author(s):  
Salvatore Valenti ◽  
Maurizio Panti ◽  
Tommaso Leo
Keyword(s):  
Development Project ◽  
Disability Assessment ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Motor Disability ◽  
The Road ◽  
Continuous Quality ◽  
Technology Development Project ◽  
Assessment Specialists ◽  
On The Road

The growth of credit-bearing distance learning offerings and enrollments at accredited, degree-granting colleges and universities has been astonishing in the last few years. This growth raises the demand for reliable information about quality. According to Kess et al. (2002), quality in education should not be forced into one single definition, but rather a collection of smaller elements, processes, which contribute to education quality in different dimensions. These elements, when chained together, constitute the overall quality in training, and the improvement of quality is achieved through simultaneous action on all these levels. Furthermore, accreditation and quality assessment in education should not be considered as separate systems. They are an integral part of the continuous quality improvement context on the road to total quality. In this chapter we will discuss the approach adopted for ensuring the quality of the MODASPECTRA (MOtor Disability Assessment SPEcialists’ TRAining) Web-based degree: a research and technology development project funded by the European Union. More in detail, the procedures enacted for ensuring the quality of contents and the quality of the software tools developed, and of their documentation, will be discussed.

Strength of the semitrailer’s roof in the aspect of road traffic safety

2018 ◽  
Vol 121 ◽  
pp. 285-293
Author(s):  
Mirosław Nader ◽  
Krzysztof Kielczyk
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Road Vehicles ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Minimum Requirements ◽  
European Standards

Stable and slidable roofs of the semitrailers are usually characterized by low weight and easy handling, which equals directly into comfort of use, longevity of the system and the time needed to open or close. However, not always an operational advantages of roofs go hand in hand with their durability, especially in the snowfall situation or sudden changes of the road lane by a set of vehicles: a truck tractor – a semitrailer. The analysis of homologation regulations shows that today there are no precise requirements and physical testing / strength methods for assembled roofs of the semitrailers as components. The test methods for complete vehicle bodies (including the roof), which have destructive nature, are described in European standards, e.g. EN 12642:2017 "Securing of cargo on road vehicles – Body structure of commercial vehicles – Minimum requirements" [6], internal German regulations, e.g. VDI 2700:2004 "Securing of loads on road vehicles" [8] or Directive DCE 9.5:2008 ”Load security for transportation of load containers on utility vehicles in road traffic” [7]. A non-destructive, possible to perform, testing method for the roof as a component - is calculation method. The results of the performed tests allow to conduct development works over improving the vehicle’s system security (including the introduction of new semitrailers roofs design solutions and verification of existing ones). The carried out strength tests give possibilities to optimize and adapt the roofs to the transported loads, e.g. stable lifting roofs used in transport of divisible loads, or sliding roofs used in the transport of non-separate loads. The strength testing of the semitrailer’s roofs is highly justified from the point of view of securing the load and safety of passengers, drivers and other road users primarily. The requirements and limitations of the mentioned testing methods are not - in the authors opinion - 100% of realistic and possible deformation during the real vehicle’s road traffic. On the other hand, the cited documents exists as recognized regulators in the international arena of the road traffic legislation. The work’s aim is demonstrating the benefits of using reinforced roofs in all types of the semitrailer’s bodyworks.

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