scholarly journals Role of natural landscape in perception of Ukrainian sacral architecture monuments

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 13-21
Author(s):  
Denys Chernyshev ◽  
Yulia Ivashko ◽  
Dominika Kuśnierz-Krupa ◽  
Andrii Dmytrenko
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
Garden Of Eden ◽  
Church Building ◽  
New Construction ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Church Design ◽  
Forest Parks ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Temple

The article analyses the impact of natural environment on the creation of a Christian church design, as an example, reviews the Orthodox architecture of Ukraine – historical and contemporary one. From time immemorial, Orthodox churches were erected in the most picturesque places – on high hills, steep banks, near rivers and lakes – so that the temple was reflected in the water surface. A typical example is the historical silhouette of the steep right bank of Kyiv, formed by many churches, cathedrals and monasteries located along the edge of the hilly shore. If temples in the urban environment were constrained by the conditions of dense quarterly development (the principal cathedrals and monasteries were an exception), then the peculiarity of the remote suburban monasteries – the hermitages – was precisely the creation of nature and architecture picturesque combination. At the monasteries, parks, gardens and flower beds were created, artificial lakes were arranged. During the domination of the atheistic ideology, temple construction was in decline, most of the cathedrals, churches and monasteries were destroyed or redesigned under the socialist functions of clubs, museums of atheism, schools and storages. The contemporary course in the creation of new Orthodox churches is aimed at restoring the lost sequence in the church building. In this case, particular attention is paid to the natural environment: churches are built in park areas, in forest parks, on the banks of lakes, surrounded by flower beds. The relevance of the study is explained by the presence in Ukraine of a large number of Orthodox churches – both architectural monuments and newly built, which are traditionally surrounded by gardens, parks and flower gardens as symbols of their non-earthly purpose, the image of the Garden of Eden. Therefore, during the restoration and new construction of such objects, it is necessary to understand the features of the сhurch landscape design, which has been formed and improved over the centuries.

scholarly journals Transnational Religious Tourism in Modern China and the Transformation of the Cult of Mazu

Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 221
Author(s):  
Yanchao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Song Dynasty ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Modern China ◽  
Tourist Attraction ◽  
Religious Tourism ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Temple

This article explores transformations in the worship of popular goddess Mazu as a result of (religious) tourism. In particular, it focuses on the role of transnational tourism in the invention of tradition, folklorization, and commodification of the Mazu cult. Support from the central and local governments and the impact of economic globalization have transformed a traditional pilgrimage site that initially had a local and then national scope into a transnational tourist attraction. More specifically, the ancestral temple of Mazu at Meizhou Island, which was established as the uncontested origin of Mazu’s cult during the Song dynasty (960 to 1276), has been reconfigured architecturally and liturgically to function as both a sacred site and a tourist attraction. This reconfiguration has involved the reconstruction of traditional rituals and religious performances for religious tourism to promote the temple as the unadulterated expression of an intangible cultural heritage. The strategic combination of traditional rituals such as “dividing incense” and an innovative ceremony enjoining all devotees of “Mazu all over the world [to] return to mother’s home” to worship her have not only consolidated the goddess as a symbol of common cultural identity in mainland China, but also for the preservation of Chinese identity in diaspora. Indeed, Chinese migrants and their descendants are among the increasing numbers of pilgrims/tourists who come to Mazu’s ancestral temple seeking to reconnect with their heritage by partaking in authentic traditions. This article examines the spatial and ritual transformations that have re-signified this temple, and by extension, the cult of Mazu, as well as the media through which these transformations have spread transnationally. We will see that (transnational) religious tourism is a key medium.

scholarly journals A short history of ocean acidification science in the 20th century: a chemist's view

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 7411-7422 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. G. Brewer
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
History Of ◽  
Chemical Knowledge ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Ph Scale ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. This review covers the development of ocean acidification science, with an emphasis on the creation of ocean chemical knowledge, through the course of the 20th century. This begins with the creation of the pH scale by Sørensen in 1909 and ends with the widespread knowledge of the impact of the "High CO2 Ocean" by then well underway as the trajectory along the IPCC scenario pathways continues. By mid-century the massive role of the ocean in absorbing fossil fuel CO2 was known to specialists, but not appreciated by the greater scientific community. By the end of the century the trade-offs between the beneficial role of the ocean in absorbing some 90% of all heat created, and the accumulation of some 50% of all fossil fuel CO2 emitted, and the impacts on marine life were becoming more clear. This paper documents the evolution of knowledge throughout this period.

scholarly journals Organisation design and the role of ICT: Negative effects of working from home during the coronavirus pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Ernad Kahrović ◽  
Emina Kahrović
Keyword(s):  
Dominant Role ◽  
Organization Design ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Work From Home ◽  
Working From Home ◽  
New Organizational Forms ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Impact Of Technology ◽  
The Impact

The goal of the paper is to point to the role and importance of organization design as a tool for strategy implementation, together with a dominant, role of technology in shaping the design. Namely, the development, of modern information and communication technology (ICT) is accompanied by the creation of new organizational forms, which enable the management, and employees to carry out, a significant, portion of work from home. The central focus of this paper is the impact, of technology on the creation of new forms of design, with a virtual organization taking up a particularly prominent, position. We underline the fact, that, among many changes that, the coronavirus pandemic has produced in everyday life, working from home can be considered as the most, drastic one; hence, its harmful effects are underscored, such as those relating to negative psychological effects, anxiety disorders, health issues, job loss, decreased efficiency and reduced satisfaction of the employees.

The Lithic Garden

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mailan S. Doquang
Keyword(s):  
Architectural History ◽  
Medieval Art ◽  
Stratified Spaces ◽  
Design Component ◽  
Critical Design ◽  
Medieval Church ◽  
Widespread Belief ◽  
Church Design ◽  
The Temple

This ambitious book offers new perspectives on the role of vegetal ornament in medieval church design. Focusing on an extensive series of foliate friezes articulating iconic French monuments, such as Cluny III, Amiens Cathedral, and Mont-Saint-Michel, it demonstrates that church builders strategically used organic motifs to integrate the interior and exterior of their structures, and to reinforce the connections and distinctions between the entirety of the sacred edifice and the profane world beyond its boundaries. Mailan S. Doquang shows that, contrary to widespread belief, monumental flora was not just an extravagant embellishment devoid of meaning and purpose, or an epiphenomenon, but a semantically charged, critical design component that inflected the stratified spaces of churches in myriad ways. The friezes encapsulated and promoted core aspects of the Christian faith for medieval beholders, evoking the viridity of the paradisiacal garden, Christ as the True Vine, the Eucharistic wine and ritual, and the golden vine of the Temple of Jerusalem, originally built by the wise King Solomon. By situating the proliferation of foliate friezes within the context of the Crusades, moreover, this study provides new insights into the networks of exchange between France, Byzantium, and the Levant, and contributes substantially to the “global turn” in the field of medieval art and architectural history.

scholarly journals Specificity of Sustainable Structural Dynamics of Local Economy in Romanian Tourist Resorts

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 7155
Author(s):  
Alexandra Grecu ◽  
Andreea Karina Gruia ◽  
Marian Marin ◽  
Mariana Bănuță ◽  
Cosmin Olteanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Dynamics ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Environmental Conflicts ◽  
Dynamic Relationship ◽  
Local Resources ◽  
Large Fluctuations ◽  
Administrative Unit ◽  
The Impact

The lack of sustainable development strategies of the tourist resorts from Romania caused the structural dynamics of their economy to record large fluctuations under the impact of determinants with unpredictable developments. The spectacular dynamics have led to developments difficult to predict, in many situations that generate environmental conflicts, where the economic pressure has exceeded the support capacity of the natural environment. In this study, we aim to analyze the dynamic relationship between tourism and the other components of the economy, from each resort from Romania. The significant growth of tourism in recent years requires new approaches, relevant for understanding the role of tourism in increasing the complexity of the local economy. Measuring the role of tourism in the development of local economy was achieved by building an economic database for all tourist resorts from Romania (according to Government Decision No. 107 of 2018), at the four-digit NACE code level (Classification of National Economy Activities), for the economic indicators considered relevant: number of companies, number of employees, and turnover and profit, for the period 2000–2016, as well as at territorial administrative unit level. Detailed analyses revealed very different structural dynamics, the spectacular dynamics, lacking a coherent strategic framework, led in all situations to the emergence of environmental conflicts. Tourist resorts in which tourism has become an essential component of economic development have based their development on capitalization of local resources, which led to multiplication effects, materialized in a spectacular evolution of the local economy, and an increasing pressure on the natural environment.

Myth, Environment, and the Orientation of the Templo Mayor of Tenochtitlan

1988 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. F. Aveni ◽  
E. E. Calnek ◽  
H. Hartung
Keyword(s):  
Mexico City ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Archaeological Record ◽  
Foundation Myth ◽  
Spring Equinox ◽  
The City ◽  
The Temple

In the light of the recent excavations of the Templo Mayor in downtown Mexico City, we explore the problem of the role of astronomy, calendar, and the landscape in the design and orientation of the building and of the city in general. We employ ethnohistoric data relating to the foundation myth of Tenochtitlan as a means of generating hypotheses concerning astronomical orientation that can be tested by reference to the archaeological record. We find that eastward-looking observations (implied in dismantling and reconstructing the myth) that took place around the time of the equinox may have been related to an attempt to transform a true east orientation from the natural environment into the architecture via a line that passed through the center of the Temple of Huitzilopochtli (the more southerly temple of the pair constituting the top of the Templo Mayor). It also is possible that the notch between the twin temples served a calendrical/orientational function. Evidence is presented to support the view that the mountain cult of Tlaloc, represented in the environment on the periphery of the Valley of Mexico by Mount Tlaloc, also may have directly influenced the orientation of the building and that it was part of a scheme for marking out days of the calendar by reference to the position of the rising sun at intervals of 20 days from the spring equinox. In this regard, we discuss the connection between the Templo Mayor and an enclosure containing offertory chambers atop Mount Tlaloc, which is located on a line extended to the visible horizon 44 km east of the ceremonial center. The ethnohistoric record implies that this place had been used for sacrifices to the rain god after whom the other of the twin temples of the Templo Mayor was named.

scholarly journals Regulatory State and Judicial Decisions in Telecommunications in Mexico

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-36
Author(s):  
Clara Luz Alvarez
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Regulatory State ◽  
Judicial Decisions ◽  
Technical Issues ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Latin American Countries ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – To assess the role of the judiciary in defining the Regulatory State and in regulating telecommunications in Mexico after almost 5 years of the creation of an independent regulator for telecommunications and broadcasting (Instituto Federal de Telecomunicaciones) with authority in antitrust matters. Methodology/approach/design – To identify the most relevant judicial decisions in telecommunications and antitrust matters, research upon the context in which they were adopted, analyze the content of the decisions and identify the impact of such judicial decisions in the construction of the Mexican Regulatory State, and in the law, in regulation/acts of the regulator. Findings – The main findings are that: (1) the Mexican Regulatory State is a reality now, even if it is in its beginnings; (2) Congress is receptive to Judiciary´s decisions; and (3) deference by judiciary to the regulator is not a blank check, even if there are complex technical issues and a discretionary decision. Practical implications – The identification of a Regulatory State in Mexico evidences that there are deep changes in the traditional relationship between Congress and regulators. Also, the deference granted by the courts to regulators must be considered as a consequence of such Regulatory State. Nonetheless and despite the deference to regulators, Judiciary´s role in building the telecommunications and broadcasting sector is paramount, because judicial decisions ultimately define it. Originality/value – Major changes to telecommunications and broadcasting have taken place in Mexico in the last years. Therefore, there has been scarce research and analysis about the new role of regulators, legislators, and judges, in the so called Regulatory State in Mexico. Moreover, the experience of Mexico may be valuable for other scholars which are assessing public policy in their own Latin American countries or in countries with similarities to them.

scholarly journals The role of users in a continuous development ERP strategy: An analysis on the impact of end-users in the creation of an ERP continuous development strategy

2022 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Natália Teixeira ◽  
Álvaro Dias ◽  
Leandro Ferreira Pereira ◽  
Diogo Rocha ◽  
Renato Lopes Da Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
End Users ◽  
Continuous Development ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Impact

The Impact of Adam and Eve on Popular Culture’s Understandings of Women’s Roles and Evolution

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-30
Author(s):  
Theresa M. Sanders
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
Gender Roles ◽  
Women's Roles ◽  
Adam And Eve ◽  
Battle Of The Sexes ◽  
Women’S Roles ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Role Of Women ◽  
The Impact

This chapter looks at two areas of popular culture that frequently refer to Adam and Eve: society’s ongoing rethinking of the role of women and the dispute between evolutionary biologists and creationists. Movies like Fig Leaves (1926) and Adam’s Rib (1949) illustrate how contentious the “battle of the sexes” can be. These movies use Adam and Eve as shorthand for “man” and “woman” and avoid coming to any definitive conclusions about proper gender roles. Regarding the debate between evolution and creationism, the chapter explores the Creation Museum in Kentucky and the 2014 debate between Bill Nye and Ken Ham. Both Nye and Ham attempted to integrate faith with knowledge, mirroring the story of Eden itself.

The Designer as a Social Agent and Promoter of Local Memories

2020 ◽  
pp. 236-248
Author(s):  
Cátia Rijo ◽  
Helena Grácio
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Socially Responsible ◽  
Social Agent ◽  
Responsible Agent ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Village

The aim of this chapter is to evaluate the role of the designer as a socially responsible agent and the impact that artefacts created by designers have. The goal is to understand if the designer can help preserve local memories, as well as assess whether co-working influences how they emerge in the project. The awareness of the designer as a social agent, who works in collaboration with various agents towards the creation of value-added artefacts, is essential nowadays. As a case study, we bring the project developed by the Designlab4u laboratory in the village of Alhos Vedros, were the cultural and artistic itinerary of the village was designated as a place of memory. Ultimately, the intention is to evaluate whether or not the work developed for the exhibition was a driver of local memories.

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