scholarly journals Occurrence of genetic lineages of Puccinia Striiformis in Latvia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liga Feodorova-Fedotova ◽  
◽  
Biruta Bankina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Puccinia Striiformis ◽  
Yellow Rust ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Reference Center ◽  
Genetic Lineages ◽  
Local Variety ◽  
Wheat Leaf ◽  
Differential Varieties ◽  
Broad Scale

Puccinia striiformis is a biotrophic pathogen able to cause broad scale epidemics in wheat growing regions. P. striiformis is genetically highly variable pathogen. New, aggressive genetic lineages, adapted to warm temperatures have been observed in the last decades worldwide. The study aimed to ascertain the structure of genetic lineages of P. striiformis in Latvia. Forty one wheat leaf samples with yellow rust symptoms were collected in 2017–2019. Fenotyping and genotyping methods were used for identification of genetic lineages in Global Rust Reference Center, Denmark. Assessments of leaf diseases on winter wheat differentials – ‘Ambition’, ‘Mariboss’, ‘Moro’, ‘Compair’, ‘Rendezvous’, ‘Spalding Prolific’ and local variety ’Fredis’ were made during the research. Five genetic lineages of P. striiformis – PstS4, PstS7, PstS10, PstS13 and PstS14 were found. 56% from the samples belonged to PstS14, 17.1% PstS10, 12.2% PstS4 and PstS7, 2.4% PstS13. Genetic lineages identified from Latvian wheat samples are found in the biggest cereal growing regions in Europe and are able to cause epidemics on wheat. Genetic lineages of P. striiformis from Latvian samples have not been identified before. All differential varieties were infected with P. striiformis in 2017, ‘Ambition’ and ‘Moro’ in 2018, no infection was observed on differentials in 2019 despite the presence of P. striiformis on winter wheat variety ‘Fredis’. The identification of genetic lineages of P. striiformis on wheat in Latvia is necessary to continue.

scholarly journals REACTION OF WINTER WHEAT GENOTYPES ON THE YELLOW (STRIPE) RUST PUCCINIA STRIIFORMIS, WES

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vija STRAZDINA ◽  
Valentina FETERE ◽  
Liga FEODOROVA-FEDOTOVA ◽  
Janis JASKO ◽  
Olga TREIKALE
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Stripe Rust ◽  
Puccinia Striiformis ◽  
Yellow Rust ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Yellow Stripe

Yellow rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis Wes. is one of the most significant diseases constraint to winter wheat production in the world. Since 2011 in Europe have appeared distinct new races – Warrior, Kranich, Warrior (-) that have caused wide epidemics on different cultivars of wheat. Grain yield losses can be prevented by using a combination of varietal resistance and fungicides. Information on wheat variety susceptibility to local yellow (stripe) rust Puccinia striiformis Wes. races can help to reduce the risk of yield losses in high disease pressure situations. Field trials with eight most popular and perspective winter wheat varieties in Latvia were established in the North-Western part of Latvia (Stende Research Centre) in autumn of 2016. The trial was designed as two randomized complete blocks (treated and untreated) and data were statistically interpreted. Two applications of fungicides at BBCH 29-32 by T1 (prothioconazol 53 g L-1, spiroxamin 224 g L-1, tebucanazole 148 g L-1) and at BBCH 37-39 - T2 (bixafen 65 g L-1, prothioconazol 130 g L-1, fluopyram 65 g L-1- 1.5 L ha-1) were used to control the YR. Yield and 1000 kernel weight (TKW) were determined. Preliminary results indicated the difference between genotypes resistance/susceptibility to YR. The severity of infection level was 1- 80% depending on genotype resistance. Application of fungicides increased grain yield by 2.9 % to 33.0% and TKW by 3.4% - 33.2 % depending on variety. Observations showed the difference in the occurrence of symptoms on YR in different varieties of winter wheat under conditions of 2017 in Stende.

High-temperature adult-plant resistance to stripe rust in facultative winter wheat

2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (10) ◽  
pp. 1064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beyhan Akin ◽  
Xian Ming Chen ◽  
Alex Morgunov ◽  
Nusret Zencirci ◽  
Anmin Wan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Stripe Rust ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Puccinia Striiformis ◽  
Yellow Rust ◽  
Stripe Rust Resistance ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Improvement Program

Stripe (yellow) rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis Westend. f. sp. tritici Erikss., is one of the most damaging diseases in wheat and is especially damaging for winter and facultative wheat. The objective of this study was to understand stripe rust resistance in 100 wheat and facultative wheat entries from the International Winter Wheat Improvement Program by conducting experiments in a greenhouse and in four field environments in Washington State, USA, and by genotyping molecular markers linked to Yr genes. Percentages of entries resistant to the rust races at the seedling stage were: PST-17, 44%; PST-37, 32%; PST-43, 45%; PST-45, 49%; PST-116, 18%; PST-100, 17%; and PST-127, 8%. Molecular markers were positive for genes Yr9, Yr17, and Yr18 and negative for Yr5, Yr10, and Yr15. Yr18 was present in 44 entries (44%). By using the highly virulent races PST-127 and PST-100 under controlled conditions, 16 entries were shown to have high-temperature adult-plant (HTAP) resistance and resistant–moderately resistant field reactions at all four field sites. Resistant entries, especially those with HTAP resistance, were also identified in the field experiments.

scholarly journals Conventional and organic cropping systems at Suitia V: Cereal diseases

1990 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 339-347
Author(s):  
Asko O. Hannukkala ◽  
Eeva Tapio
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Puccinia Striiformis ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Yellow Rust ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽  
Gaeumannomyces Graminis ◽  
Minor Importance ◽  
Foot Rot ◽  
Fusarium Spp

The occurrence of diseases on barley and winter wheat was surveyed in a field experiment comparing four conventional and four organic cropping systems in 1982—88. On barley, foliar diseases were of minor importance regardless of the cropping system. On winter wheat, powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis), yellow rust (Puccinia striiformis) and leaf blotch (Septoria nodorum) were more prevalent in conventional than in organic cropping systems. Root and foot rot diseases (Bipolaris sorokiniana, Fusarium spp. and Gaeumannomyces graminis) were frequent on barley and winter wheat in each cropping system. B. sorokiniana infected stem bases and roots of barley more frequently in organic than in conventional cropping systems. During the first years of the study, a serious epidemic of G. graminis was recorded in certain organic cropping systems

scholarly journals Possibility of cereals protection against rusts by resistant breeding method

2013 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 377-388
Author(s):  
Czesław Zamorski ◽  
Bogdan Nowicki ◽  
Małgorzata Schollenberger ◽  
Wojciech Wakulski
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Puccinia Striiformis ◽  
Yellow Rust ◽  
Brown Rust ◽  
Puccinia Recondita ◽  
Puccinia Graminis ◽  
Breeding Method ◽  
Breeding Lines

In the years 1999-2001 field trials were run on susceptibility of wheat and triticale genotypes to infection by three rust fungi (<i>Puccinia recondita, Puccinia graminis, Puccinia striiformis</i>). The results of the observation of the infection level in following years have been similar. Among genotypes of winter wheat, breeding lines susceptible to <i>Puccinia striiformis</i> infection were rare, but among spring wheat 50% of genotypes were susceptible to yellow rust infection. A much higher level of sensitivity than in the case of winter wheat has been found in winter triticale genotypes. Wheat genotypes were distinguished by the high sensitivity to <i>Puccinia graminis</i> infection, only a few breeding lines were resistant to stem rust. The susceptibility of wheat to brown rust (<i>Puccinia recondita</i>) was a common feature. Triticale genotypes compared to wheat were affected significantly less and majority of them exhibited high level of resistant to brown rust. The use of the breeding method has justification in control yellow rust of winter wheat. Recommended cultivars are almost all fully resistant to <i>Puccinia striiformis</i> infection. The application of this method in selection of spring wheat and triticale is in large past limited. Some of the registered cultivars of spring wheat and triticale are very susceptible to yellow rust. Using the breeding method to protect wheat from stem rust and brown rust is of little practical benefit in our county at this moment. But it can be effecive to control stem and brown rusts of triticale.

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