scholarly journals Use of recurrent selection in middle late synthetic maize populations. results of the first cycle in synthetic “1/2017”

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (30) ◽  
pp. 79-83
Author(s):  
Natalyia Petrovska ◽  
◽  
Valentina Valkova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Experimental Work ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Maturity Group ◽  
Maize Populations ◽  
X 43 ◽  
Foreign Standard ◽  
Direct Outcome

The present study shows the results of a completed first cycle of recurrent selection in a middle late synthetic population “1/2017” and the inbred lines PAU 1617 and B 113 are used as a recurrent parents. The aim of the improving selection is to obtain from the synthetic inbred lines which are later to be used as parental forms for receiving hybrids of this maturity group. The experimental work was carried out in the period 2017 – 2019 when two hundred and ten testcrosses were tested. After the data was analyzed, eighty even inbred progeny variants displaying the best results have been included for crosspollination and a new cycle of breeding. The genetic variability in the synthetic has been preserved as the selected progeny represent 41,4 % of the initially chosen ones. The index of variability after recurrent selection is 12,2 % which allows for efficient testing in the subsequent stages of the improving selection. As a direct outcome of the research, thirteen crosses have been pointed out – B 113 x 37/1, B 113 x 25/5, PAU 1617 x 71/3, B 113 x 29/1, B 113 x 33/1, PAU 1617 x 97/3, PAU 1617 x 85/3, B 113 x 71/5, B 113 x 71/6, B 113 x 53/1, B 113 x 55/1, B 113 x 77/3 and B 113 x 43/1. They exceed in grain yield the foreign standard in the maturity group respectively with 25.2, 20.0, 16.9, 16.6, 15.1, 15.0, 13.1, 12.5, 10.5, 9.0, 8.8, 8.8 and 8.2%. They are still tested in varietal and ecological trials.

GENETIC VARIABILITY AND EXPECTED GAIN IN THREE MAIZE POPULATIONS

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 135 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALINE CARDOSO SOUZA ◽  
JOSE BRANCO MIRANDA FILHO ◽  
AURILENE SANTOS OLIVEIRA ◽  
JEFFERSON FERNANDO NAVES PINTO ◽  
CAROLINA MESSIAS SILVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Additive Genetic Variance ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Maize Populations ◽  
Expected Gain ◽  
Ear Height

ABSTRACT - The study of genetic variability in populations undergoing recurrent selection is important to quantify their real potential for breeding purposes. In the present work, three semiexotic maize populations were evaluated on their yield potential and variability for continuing the recurrent selection program. Half-sib families representing three semiexotic populations CRE-01, CRE-02, CRE-03 were evaluated for yield and agronomic traits male flowering (MF), plant height (PH), ear height (EH), ear placement (EP) - ratio = (EH/PH), tassel length (TL), tassel branches (TN), final stand (FS), ears per plot (NE), prolificacy (PR), ear length (EL), ear diameter (ED), ear yield (EY), grain yield (GY). The observed means for grain yield (GY), in percent of the hybrid check, were 93.8%, 89.4%, and 94.6%, showing a relatively good yield potential. Means (cm) for plant height (PH) and ear height (EH) were 221, 237, 241 and 117, 134, 137, respectively, with reductions in relation to the first cycle. Parameters estimates for GY were: additive genetic variance 582.28, 406.70 and 238.11 g2.plant-1; heritability 59.17%, 49.82% and 38.53%; progeny mean basis, and expected gain for progeny selection 8.16%, 6.86% and 3.88%; selection intensity of 20%.Keywords: Zea mays, recurrent selection, semiexotic population, genetic parameters.VARIABILIDADE GENÉTICA E GANHO ESPERADO EM TRÊS POPULAÇÕES DE MILHORESUMO - O estudo da variabilidade genética em uma população sob seleção é importante para quantificar seu potencial para fins de melhoramento. No presente trabalho foram avaliadas três populações semiexóticas de milho quanto ao seu potencial de produção e de variabilidade para continuar o programa de seleção recorrente em curso. Famílias de meios irmãos representando as três populações (CRE-01, CRE-02, CRE-03) foram avaliadas para caracteres agronômicos florescimento masculino (MF), altura da planta (PH), altura da espiga (EH), posição relativa da espiga (EP), comprimento do pendão (TL), ramificações do pendão (TN), estande final (FS), espigas por parcela (NE), prolificidade (PR), comprimento da espiga (EL), diâmetro da espiga (ED), peso de espiga (EY), peso de grãos (GY). As médias observadas para produção de grãos (GY) foram 93,8%, 89,4% e 94,6% da testemunha, mostrando um bom potencial de produção. As alturas médias da planta (PH) foram 221, 237 e 241 cm e da espiga (EH) foram 117, 134 e 137 cm, com reduções em relação ao primeiro ciclo. As estimativas de parâmetros para GY nas três populações foram, respectivamente: variância genética aditiva 582,28 g2 planta-1, 406,70 g2 planta-1 e 238,11 g2 planta-1; coeficiente de herdabilidade em média de progênies 59,17%, 49,82% e 38,53% e ganho com seleção para 20% de intensidade de 8,16%, 6,86% e 3,88%; ganho com seleção para 5% de intensidade de 10,81%, 10,47% e 5,32%, respectivamente para as populações CRE-01, CRE-02 e CRE-03.Palavras-chave: Zea mays L., seleção recorrente, população semiexótica, parâmetros genéticos.

scholarly journals YIELD POTENTIAL AND GENETIC VARIABILITY OF SEMIEXOTIC MAIZE POPULATIONS AS A BASIS FOR SELECTION

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
UDENYS CABRAL MENDES
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Inbreeding Depression ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Maize Populations ◽  
Maize Genetic ◽  
Ear Height ◽  
Improvement Programs

In order to verify the genetic and agronomic value, yield potential and inbreeding depression of synthesized composites, as well as quantifying the population variability and incorporating new sources of semiexotic germplasm in maize genetic improvement programs, four populations, identified as NAP-FA x HG-71 (P1), NAP-FL x HG-49 (P2), NAP-FB x HG-49 (P3), and NAP-DB x HG-49 (P4), with two levels of inbreeding (S0 and S1), were evaluated in three locations. From the P1 and P4 populations, 100 full-sib progenies were evaluated in only one location. Plant and ear height, lodging, breakage, ear length and diameter, resistance to diseases, ears with chalky kernels and grain yield were evaluated. The grain yield of the S0 and S1 populations varied between 5.50 and 6.65 t ha-1 and 3.8 and 4.58 t ha-1, respectively, with an average inbreeding depression between 23.9% and 38.0%. Considering all the locations, the grain yields of the non-inbreeding populations varied between 64.4% and 78.0% in relation to commercial hybrids (witnesses), indicating a good yield potential for start of improvement program. In the P1 and P4 populations, sufficient genetic variability was identified in most of the characters, which accredits them for recurrent selection. Gains of 13.7% and 17.8% for grain yield and 31.64% and 29.9% for ears with chalky kernels were estimated.

scholarly journals Components of genetic variability and heritability of grain yield of silage maize

Genetika ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mile Secanski ◽  
Tomislav Zivanovic ◽  
Goran Todorovic ◽  
Gordana Surlan-Momirovic
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Genetic Variance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Additive Variance ◽  
Silage Maize ◽  
V Genes ◽  
Set Up

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the following parameters for the grain yield of silage maize: variability of inbred lines and their diallel hybrids, superior-parent heterosis and components of genetic variability and heritability on the basis of the diallel set. The two-year four-replicate trial was set up according to the randomized complete-block design at Zemun Polje. It was determined that a genotype, year and their interaction significantly affected variability of this trait. The highest. i.e. the lowest grain yield, on the average for both investigation years. was recorded in the silage maize inbred lines ZPLB402 and ZPLB405. respectively. The analysis of components of genetic variance for grain yield shows that the additive component (D) was lower than the dominant (H1 and H2) genetic variance, while a positive component F and the frequency of dominant (u) and recessive (v) genes for this observed trait point to prevalence of dominant genes over recessive ones. Furthermore. this is confirmed by the ratio of dominant to recessive genes in parental genotypes for grain yield (Kd/Kr> 1) that is greater than unity in both years of investigation. The estimated value of the average degree of dominance (H1/D)1/2 exceeds unity, pointing out to superdominance in inheritance of this trait in both years of investigation. Results of Vr/Vr regression analysis indicate superdominance in inheritance of grain yield. Moreover. a registered presence of non-allelic interaction points out to the need to study effects of epistasis, as it can have a greater significance in certain hybrids. A greater value of dominant than additive variance resulted in high values of broad-sense heritability for grain yield in both investigation years (98.71%, i.e. 97.19% in 1997, i.e. 1998, respectively). and low values of narrow-sense heritability (11.9% in 1997 and 12.2% in 1998).

scholarly journals Selección para calidad fisiológica de la semilla y rendimiento en líneas S2 derivadas de cuatro poblaciones tropicales de maíz (Zea mays L.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Enrique Navarro ◽  
Cristina Vega ◽  
Fernando Narváez ◽  
Hugo Córdova
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Reciprocal Recurrent Selection ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Flower Plant ◽  
Ear Height ◽  
Field And Laboratory Conditions

This study was carried out in 1993 to evaluate S2 lines from four maize tropical populations improved by reciprocal recurrent selection. These lines were evaluated under field and laboratory conditions, the latter one to determine physiology quality. The main goal was to measure genetic variability within and among populations for traits such as grain yield, vigor and germination and to select the best lines under field and laboratory conditions. The combined analysis of variance showed great genetic variability among the S2 lines within and among populations for grain yield, days to flower, plant and ear height, among others. The maximum genetic variability was observed on the lines from population 43 and pool 23 for most of the traits, although the latter showed a greater genetic variability for grain yield. Besides, it is important to mention that the above populations included the best genotypes for grain yield, germination and vigor. Taking into account the above mentionel agronomic traits, fifteen lines were selected; 2 belong to population 43* pool 20, 2 from pool 19* pool 23, 8 from population 43, and 3 from pool 23. These results confirm the genetic superiority of the lines from populations 43 and pool 23, so that these populations should be recommended for future genetic improvement by reciprocal recurrent procedures.

scholarly journals Performance and grain yield stability of maize populations developed using marker-assisted recurrent selection and pedigree selection procedures

Euphytica ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 208 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoseph Beyene ◽  
Kassa Semagn ◽  
Stephen Mugo ◽  
Boddupalli M. Prasanna ◽  
Amsal Tarekegne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Yield Stability ◽  
Selection Procedures ◽  
Maize Populations ◽  
Pedigree Selection

scholarly journals Genetic variability during four cycles of recurrent selection in rice

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (11) ◽  
pp. 1033-1041
Author(s):  
Odilon Peixoto de Morais Júnior ◽  
Patrícia Guimarães Santos Melo ◽  
Orlando Peixoto de Morais ◽  
José Manoel Colombari Filho
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
High Magnitude ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
Yield Trials ◽  
Location Interaction

Abstract: The objective of this work was to estimate genetic and phenotypic parameters among progenies of the CNA6 population of upland rice (Oryza sativa) for grain yield and plant height in four cycles of recurrent selection, in order to evaluate the genetic variability and the genotype × location interaction. The experimental data were obtained from yield trials of S0:2 progenies, which were carried out in the experimental design of Federer’s augmented blocks, without replications for progenies within each location. The effect of S0:2 progenies was significant in all cycles for grain yield and in the first three cycles for plant height, indicating the maintenance of the population’s genetic potential to generate transgressive progenies. The participation of the component of the progeny × location interaction in phenotypic variance was of high magnitude. The genetic variability of the CNA6 population of upland rice is maintained for grain yield and plant height during the four cycles of recurrent selection.

scholarly journals Inbreeding depression and genetic variability in agricultural traits and resistance to phytopathogens in exotic maize populations

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurilene Santos Oliveira ◽  
Edésio Fialho dos Reis ◽  
Ana Paula Oliveira Nogueira ◽  
Fernando Cezar Juliatti
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Inbreeding Depression ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Maize Populations ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
Deleterious Alleles ◽  
Ear Height ◽  
Resistance To Phytopathogens

The effect known as depression by inbreeding refers to the reduction on the average value of quantitative traits, related to plant reproduction and physiology, due to the homozygosis of deleterious alleles.  This study evaluated the inbreeding depression and the genetic variability of agricultural traits and of the resistance to phytopathogens in inbred families of two exotic maize populations.  The experiments were done in the experimental area of the Universidade Federal de Goiás, Regional Jataí, in the second harvest 2015.  Fifty and 40 FS1 of NAP5 and NAP7 populations, respectively, were evaluated interplanting one row with a mixture of base population at every ten plots to estimate depression by inbreeding of the traits evaluated.  The experimental design was randomized blocks, with three replications.  The following traits were evaluated: AP – plant height (cm), AE – ear height (cm), FM – male flowering (days), PQ – number of broken plants, AC – number of lodged plants, PG – kernel production (kg plot-1).  The greatest estimates of depression by inbreeding in the agricultural traits were observed for kernel production, with values of 51.2 and 38.9% for the populations NAP5 and NAP7, respectively.  Among the traits of resistance to phytopathogens, the greatest estimate was observed for the stunting complex, with values of -58.9% in NAP5 and -74.2% in NAP7.  Both populations under study presented genetic potential to be used in breeding programs with recurrent selection and, after some selection cycles, lineages with good agricultural standard and resistance to phytopathogens can be obtained.

scholarly journals Estimates of genetic and phenotypic parameters in a segregant population of rice irrigated by continuous flooding

1997 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-434
Author(s):  
Patrícia Guimarães Santos ◽  
Antônio Alves Soares ◽  
Magno A.P. Ramalho
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Variance Components ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Pyricularia Grisea ◽  
Realized Heritability ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Neck Blast ◽  
Using Data

Estimates of genetic and phenotypic parameters were obtained by using data from families of a recurrent selection program in rice. An experiment using population CNA-IRAT 4ME/1/1 was conducted at two locations (Lambari and Cambuquira) in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. At Lambari, families S0:2 and S0:3 were assessed during crop seasons 1992/1993 and 1993/1994, respectively. In the Cambuquira trial, only S0:3 families were tested in 1993/1994. The experimental design was a 10 x 10 lattice with three replications. The following traits were assessed: grain yield (GY), mean number of days to flowering (FL), plant height (PH), and the incidence of neck blast (NB) caused by Pyricularia grisea and grain staining (GS) caused by Drechslera oryzae. This population proved to be promising for recurrent selection, as it had high average yield and genetic variability. Heritability estimates obtained using variance components were generally greater than estimates of realized heritability, and heritability obtained by parent-offspring regression

scholarly journals Selection of common bean lines with high grain yield and high grain calcium and iron concentrations

Revista CERES ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nerinéia Dalfollo Ribeiro ◽  
Evandro Jost ◽  
Sandra Maria Maziero ◽  
Lindolfo Storck ◽  
Daniele Piano Rosa
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Calcium Concentration ◽  
Iron Concentration ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Iron Concentrations

Genetic improvement of common bean nutritional quality has advantages in marketing and can contribute to society as a food source. The objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic variability for grain yield, calcium and iron concentrations in grains of inbred common bean lines obtained by different breeding methods. For this, 136 F7 inbred lines were obtained using the Pedigree method and 136 F7 inbred lines were obtained using the Single-Seed Descent (SSD) method. The lines showed genetic variability for grain yield, and concentrations of calcium and iron independently of the method of advancing segregating populations. The Pedigree method allows obtaining a greater number of lines with high grain yield. Selection using the SSD method allows the identification of a larger number of lines with high concentrations of calcium and iron in grains. Weak negative correlations were found between grain yield and calcium concentration (r = -0.0994) and grain yield and iron concentration (r = -0.3926). Several lines show genetic superiority for grain yield and concentrations of calcium and iron in grains and their selection can result in new common bean cultivars with high nutritional quality.

scholarly journals Combining abilities and inbreeding depression in commercial maize hybrids

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (6Supl2) ◽  
pp. 4133
Author(s):  
Henrique José Camargo Senhorinho ◽  
Ronald José Barth Pinto ◽  
Carlos Alberto Scapim ◽  
Klayton Flávio Milani ◽  
Thiago Hideyo Nihei
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Inbreeding Depression ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Square Lattice ◽  
Reciprocal Recurrent Selection ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Ear Height

<p>The objective of this study was to evaluate the combining ability and inbreeding depression of commercial maize hybrids for agricultural traits. Twenty-two commercial maize hybrids, 96 F1 crosses from a partial diallel scheme, 22 S1 populations and 4 controls were evaluated in a 12x12 simples square lattice experimental setup, totaling 144 treatments, in the municipality of Sabáudia (PR), Brazil, for harvests from 2011/2012 and 2012/2013. Three traits were evaluated: grain yield, plant height and ear height. The Griffing method (1956) was applied for the evaluation of the general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA). The 30B39, 30K64 and 30B30 hybrids showed increased yield, 30F53 and P1630 showed reduced plant height and AG9040 and AG7010 showed reduced ear height. These hybrids can be recommended for the extraction of inbred lines and formation of composites followed by intrapopulation selection. The combinations 30B39 x AG8088, 30B39 x AG9045 and P1630 x AG8021 showed desirable SCA effects for grain yield, plant height and ear height and are recommended for use in reciprocal recurrent selection programs. High magnitudes of inbreeding depression were verified for yield and lower values for inbreeding depression for plant and ear heights. Thus, strategies are recommended for interpopulation breeding accompanied by inbred lines extraction.</p>

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