scholarly journals ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE OF SECTORS ALONG THE FOOD SUPPLY CHAIN – COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 69-78
Author(s):  
Jarosław Gołębiewski
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Specific Sequence ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Productivity Dynamics ◽  
The Eu

The study presents analysis of supply chains for agricultural products in EU countries. Supply chains are sets of interrelated production and trade economic activities, carried out in a specific sequence. In the agrifood sector, the chains encompass activities carried out at the farm level and then continued during primary and secondary processing and distribution to final recipients. The aim of the article is to analyze diversity of economic results and changes in labour productivity dynamics in individual sectors of the supply chain in the EU member states in years from 2008 till 2016. The findings have shown that economic results of individual sectors in the supply chain of food products differ substantially both along the supply chain and between individual EU countries.

Law enforcement practice in the EU in the field of labor migration

2020 ◽  
pp. 50-58
Author(s):  
Natalia G. Dekhanova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Access To Services ◽  
Labor Migrants ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Social Nature ◽  
Further Development ◽  
The Eu

The article analyzes the regulatory framework. establishing the sta- tus of citizens of the countries of the European Union (EU). The author identifies problems that can become an obstacle in the process of unification of the law regulating labor of migrants in the EU countries. The study identified and analyzed the main problems faced by migrants from EU countries, in particular, migration registration, registration as an individual entrepreneur, access to services in the financial and credit sector and many other areas of activity of labor migrants. The author uses an integrated approach to considering the problems of mi- gration, economic and social nature. A proposal was made on the further development of partnerships between EU member states in the context of a pandemic and the introduction of severe restrictions.

FOREIGN TRADE IN LAMB MEAT BETWEEN EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES

2019 ◽  
Vol XXI (3) ◽  
pp. 379-389
Author(s):  
Tomasz Rokicki
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Lorenz Curve ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Concentration Coefficient ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Lamb Meat ◽  
Research Period ◽  
The Eu

The main purpose of the paper was to present foreign trade in lamb meat concerning exchanges between the countries of the European Union. In a targeted manner, all EU member states were selected for research as of 31/12/2018 (28 countries). The research period concerned the years 2005-2018. The sources of materials were literature and Eurostat data. For analysis and presentation of materials, descriptive, tabular and graphical methods, dynamics indicators based on a constant and variable basis, the Gini concentration coefficient, Lorenz curve concentration analysis and Pearson’s linear correlation coefficient were applied. The export of lamb meat in relation to other EU countries accounted for over 90% of total export of this type of meat. In the case of imports, it was just over 50%. There were countries only selling to other EU countries and those with buyers from outside the EU. The situation was similar in import. The concentration of lamb meat export and import decreased, faster for imports. There were also positive average relationships between foreign trade in lamb meat in relations with other EU countries and basic economic parameters.

scholarly journals AN OVERVIEW OF FISCAL CONSOLIDATION PROCESS IN THE EUROPEAN UNION

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iulia Andreea Bucur ◽  
Mircea Muntean
Keyword(s):  
Sovereign Debt ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Fiscal Consolidation ◽  
Consolidation Process ◽  
Fiscal Effort ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

This paper aims to explore, based on theoretical and empirical research in the field and on data available on Eurostat and European Commission, in the context of financial significant imbalances and thus of the financial stress in the EU countries and especially in the Euro area, the main developments in the fiscal consolidation process given the fiscal effort of each country towards fiscal union. Since the financial crisis started in 2008, many EU Member States demonstrates an obvious macroeconomic imbalance which requires increased responsibility regarding fiscal developments. The impact of the crisis and the causes of sovereign debt high levels trends varied between EU countries as well as the budget deficit levels. Thus, the main priority for EU members must be the continuation of differentiated fiscal consolidation, given the specificities of each economy, favoring growth. The medium-term fiscal policy needs to focus on consolidating public finances along with restoring long-term sustainability.

scholarly journals CHALLENGES AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE ASYLUM SYSTEM IN THE EUROPEAN UNION

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
pp. 54-63
Author(s):  
Iveta Adijāne
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
The World ◽  
Asylum Procedure ◽  
The Eu

There still is a lack of unity among EU Member States on asylum issues, both, in the practical application of the existing legal framework and in the direction of the common asylum system. Latvia is subject of both international and European Union common asylum conditions. Any changes in the scale of the European Union affect Latvia, and the world situation in the field of refugees also affects our country. The aim of this article is to analyse the current situation of asylum in the EU, touching upon main trends in the world of refugees, and to identify the main problems in the existing asylum procedure in the EU. In order to achieve objectives, following research methods were used: monographic research of theoretical and empirical sources in order to analyse and evaluate various asylum domain information, analytical method in order to acquire legislative content and verities, comparative method in order to discover differences in legislation of asylum procedure in EU countries, systemic method in order to disclose interconnections in legislation, descriptive statistics method and correlation analysis in order to analyse process of asylum procedure and determine interconnections in asylum procedure time frame between legislation and practical instances in EU countries.

scholarly journals Intra-EU vs. extra-EU trade in ICT services

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Stefaniak ◽  
Adam A. Ambroziak
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Information And Communication Technology ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Business Operations ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
The Eu

Abstract The position of information and communication technology (ICT) services is growing in the European Union (EU) trade, however to different extend in different EU countries. The article aims to identify trade positions of the EU Member States in intra-EU trade and extra-EU trade in ICT services and to assess changes that have taken place in the years 2013–2018. The importance of the EU Member States in trade in ICT services is assessed, followed by the analysis of their trade positions in terms of selected indices. We discovered that countries of the highest importance for the intra-EU and extra-EU trade in ICT services are not holding the best positions in trade in this area, except for Ireland. Additionally, leaders in ICT services trade do better in extra-EU trade rankings than in the EU Internal Market, since the distance does not matter to business operations consequent to the digitalization of economic activities.

scholarly journals Productivity and Economic Growth in the European Union: Impact of Investment in Research and Development

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreja Nekrep ◽  
Sebastjan Strašek ◽  
Darja Boršič
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
European Union ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Causal Link ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Maximum Productivity ◽  
Union Impact ◽  
The Eu

Abstract This paper focuses on investment in research and development as a factor of labour productivity and economic growth. Our analysis confirms the link between expenditure for research and development (expressed in % of GDP) and labour productivity (expressed in the number of hours worked) based on selected data for EU Member States in the period 1995-2013. A causal link between variables of the concave parabola was confirmed, and the value of expenditure for research and development (2.85% of EU GDP) maximising productivity (per hour of work) was determined based on the examined data. In accordance with these findings, EU’s target of reaching 3% of GDP spent on research and development to be achieved by 2020 seems in support of reaching maximum productivity in the EU.

scholarly journals Impact of Investment Sources for Sustainability on a Country’s Sustainable Development: Evidence from the EU

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 2421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indre Lapinskaite ◽  
Viktorija Skvarciany ◽  
Patrikas Janulevicius
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Financial Investment ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Structural Funds ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Eu Structural Funds ◽  
The Eu

All countries face several issues while running the process of sustainable development—the absence of a uniform means of sourcing investment for sustainable development and the lack of a unified index for the evaluation of sustainable development. No doubt, ensuring sustainable development requires constant financial investments. Hence, it is essential to examine the investment sources for sustainable development at the country level and to comprehend if the current financial investment has a direct impact on the results of a country’s sustainable development. The article aims at identifying the financing sources for sustainable development for each of the European Union (EU) countries and assessing their impact on each of the EU countries’ sustainable development, which is expressed as the Integrated Sustainable Development Index (ISDI). After the detailed analysis of investment sources for the sustainability of the EU countries, two sources of investment, assignation of budget and the EU structural funds, were selected, and ISDI calculation was applied for twenty-five of the EU member states for the period 2003–2017. Correlation analysis (using SPSS software) helped to identify the strength of the connection and to select countries for the Johansen Cointegration Test (using Eviews software) in order to determine how variables interact. The results show that the combination of the assignation of budget and the EU structural funds has a positive impact on the coherence of five (Czech Republic, Denmark, Spain, Slovenia, and Austria) out of twenty-four countries.

scholarly journals Zero Endemic Cases of Wildlife Rabies (Classical Rabies Virus, RABV) in the European Union by 2020: An Achievable Goal

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robardet ◽  
Bosnjak ◽  
Englund ◽  
Demetriou ◽  
Martín ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Rabies Virus ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Reference Laboratory ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
The Eu

The elimination of rabies transmitted by Classical Rabies Virus (RABV) in the European Union (EU) is now in sight. Scientific advances have made it possible to develop oral vaccination for wildlife by incorporating rabies vaccines in baits for foxes. At the start of the 1980s, aerial distribution of vaccine baits was tested and found to be a promising tool. The EU identified rabies elimination as a priority, and provided considerable financial and technical resources to the infected EU Member States, allowing regular and large-scale rabies eradication programs based on aerial vaccination. The EU also provides support to non-EU countries in its eastern and south eastern borders. The key elements of the rabies eradication programs are oral rabies vaccination (ORV), quality control of vaccines and control of their distribution, rabies surveillance and monitoring of the vaccination effectiveness. EU Member States and non-EU countries with EU funded eradication programs counted on the technical support of the rabies subgroup of the Task Force for monitoring disease eradication and of the EU Reference Laboratory (EURL) for rabies. In 2018, eight rabies cases induced by classical rabies virus RABV (six in wild animals and two in domestic animals) were detected in three EU Member States, representing a sharp decrease compared to the situation in 2010, where there were more than 1500 cases in nine EU Member States. The goal is to reach zero cases in wildlife and domestic animals in the EU by 2020, a target that now seems achievable.

scholarly journals Looking for the evidence of socio-economic convergence within the European Union

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 384-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Qineti ◽  
E. Matejková ◽  
M. Pietriková ◽  
R. Serenčeš ◽  
M. Tóth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Convergence ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Eu Integration ◽  
Sigma Convergence ◽  
Main Growth ◽  
The Eu

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the evidence and impact of the EU integration between 1999 and 2009 on the EU regional economic growth and the socio-economic convergence. A regional convergence analysis is performed in order to examine if the EU overall aim of convergence is reached. The main growth- and convergence theories are used as the theoretical framework and form the study's hypothesis. The results show that an absolute β-convergence exists between the EU member states as well as regions. However, the σ-convergence is not confirmed, meaning that that the disparities between the regions are rather increasing than decreasing. Perhaps a possible reason why the σ-convergence does not occur at the EU level is that it is easier for smaller regions which are more similar to each other to converge than for larger regions which tend to be more dissimilar to each other. This reasoning is in line with the convergence theories which state that smaller regions within a country are more likely to converge towards each other in the absolute sense than countries. On the other hand, the EU countries and regions tend to convergence in the tasks like unemployment rate, showing that they are not successful in resolving this difficult task. One of the main reasons of the high unemployment in all EU member states is their structural problem in the respective economies, consequently reflected in the long-term unemployment. The EU countries tend to convergence in terms of inequality as well, showing that they are egalitarian in character.

scholarly journals State of Diabetes Self-Management Education in the European Union Member States and Non-EU Countries: The Diabetes Literacy Project

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henna Riemenschneider ◽  
Sarama Saha ◽  
Stephan van den Broucke ◽  
Helle Terkildsen Maindal ◽  
Gerardine Doyle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Management Education ◽  
Self Management ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Diabetes Literacy ◽  
The Eu

Background. Diabetes self-management education (DSME) is considered essential for improving the prevention and care of diabetes through empowering patients to increase agency in their own health and care processes. However, existing evidence regarding DSME in the EU Member States (EU MS) is insufficient to develop an EU-wide strategy. Objectives. This study presents the state of DSME in the 28 EU MS and contrasts it with 3 non-EU countries with comparable Human Development Index score: Israel, Taiwan, and the USA (ITU). Because type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) disproportionately affects minority and low-income groups, we paid particular attention to health literacy aspects of DSME for vulnerable populations. Methods. Data from multiple stakeholders involved in diabetes care were collected from Feb 2014 to Jan 2015 using an online Diabetes Literacy Survey (DLS). Of the 379 respondents (249 from EU MS and 130 from ITU), most were people with diabetes (33% in the EU MS, 15% in ITU) and care providers (47% and 72%). These data were supplemented by an expert survey (ES) administered to 30 key informants. Results. Access to DSME varies greatly in the EU MS: an average of 29% (range 21% to 50%) of respondents report DSME programs are tailored for people with limited literacy, educational attainment, and language skills versus 63% in ITU. More than half of adult T2DM patients and children/adolescents participate in DSME in EU MS; in ITU, participation of T1DM patients and older people is lower. Prioritization of DSME (6.1 ± 2.8 out of 10) and the level of satisfaction with the current state of DSME (5.0 ± 2.4 out of 10) in the EU MS were comparable with ITU. Conclusion. Variation in availability and organization of DSME in the EU MS presents a clear rationale for developing an EU-wide diabetes strategy to improve treatment and care for people with diabetes.

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