scholarly journals Characterization methods and fingerprinting of agronomical important crop species

Genetika ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladislava Galovic ◽  
Snezana Mladenovic-Drinic ◽  
Julijana Navalusic ◽  
Marija Zlokolica
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Characterization Methods ◽  
Dus Testing ◽  
Molecular Aspects ◽  
Genetic Profiles ◽  
Plant Breeders Rights

Continued usage of morphological data to describe agronomical important genotypes indicates that those data retain popularity as descriptors of plant species. However, the need is arising for their more detailed description by laboratory-based biochemical and molecular methods. The standardization of those techniques has been achieved by ISTA and UPOV through DUS testing that is the basis of the system of protection of Plant Breeders Rights. Not only by morphological characterization but also by combining morphological, biochemical and molecular aspects in identification and description of agronomical important genotypes, it is possible to reveal their unique genetic profiles e.g. fingerprints. In this review we summarized the techniques that proved to be successfully applied in biochemical and molecular characterization of agronomical important genotypes. Obtaining their unique genetic profiles due to application of those methods, it is now possible to precisely characterize them with most certainty and reproducibility.

Characterization of Antibacterial-Producing Endophytic Fungi of Syzygiumpolyanthum Leaves

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 448-454
Author(s):  
Rahmita Burhamzah ◽  
Gemini Alam ◽  
Herlina Rante
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Nitrogen Base ◽  
Rdna Genes ◽  
Antibacterial Screening ◽  
Planting Method

Background: Endophytic fungi live in plants’ tissue and can produce the same bioactive compounds as its host plant produces. Syzygiumpolyanthum leaves have known to be one of the antibacterial compound producers. Aim and Objective: This study aimed to characterize morphologically, microscopically, and molecularly the antibacterial-producing endophytic fungi of Syzygiumpolyanthum leaves. Methods: The isolation of endophytic fungi was done by fragment planting method on PDA medium. The antibacterial screening was performed using the antagonistic test as the first screening followed by the disc diffusion test method. The morphological characterization was based on isolate’s mycelia color, growth pattern, margin, and surface texture of the colony, while the microscopic characterization was based on its hyphae characteristics. The molecular characterization of the isolate was done by nitrogen base sequence analysis method on nucleotide constituent of ITS rDNA genes of the isolate. Results: The results found that isolate DF1 has antibacterial activity against E.coli, S.aureus, P.acne, and P.aeruginosa, with the greatest inhibition at 10% concentration of broth fermentation extract on S.aureus with a diameter of inhibition of 13.77 mm. Conclusion: Based on macroscopic, microscopic, and molecular characterization, DF1 isolate is similar to Ceriporialacerate.

Morphological and molecular characterization of teosinte derived maize population

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amarjeet Kumar ◽  
N. K. Singh ◽  
Sneha Adhikari ◽  
Anjali Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Linkage Groups ◽  
Germplasm Enhancement ◽  
Maize Germplasm ◽  
Maize Population ◽  
Quantitative Characters ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Characterization

Germplasm enhancement seems to be an essential part of a breeding programme to improve resiliency, adaptability and productivity of the crops. To develop and diversify the maize germplasm, teosinte a wild relative of maize was integrated in crossing programme and BC1F4 lines were developed. Five BC1F4 lines along with teosinte and maize inbred DI-103 were characterised using quantitative characters and molecular markers. Morphological characterization was done with the help of visual parameters and quantitative traits and for molecular characterization fifty six SSR markers were used. SSR data were analysed with the help of software Mapmaker and twelve linkage groups were generated. Maximum allelic contributions from parent teosinte were found in the introgressed line AM-5 (53.4%) followed by AM-12 (48.9 %), whereas, least contribution of 34.1 % was found in AM-7. The maximum genetic distance among the introgressed lines was observed between AM-2 and AM-9 (0.75) followed by AM-2 and AM-7 (0.70), AM-7 and AM-9 (0.70). The maximum number of cob was found in AM-5 (5.00) followed by AM-2 (4.00). Grain yield per plant was found highest for AM-2 (100.00 g) followed by AM-12 (80.00 g), while, least value was observed for AM-7 (42.00 g). The results indicated differential parental contributions which leads to diversification in the progenies derived from diverse crosses in maize and further opined that such crosses seems to be essential for creating adapted germplasm to whom breeders are looking for.

scholarly journals Characterization of Three Species of Thrips on Weeping Fig, Nutmeg, and Marine Seruni Plants Based on Mtcoi DNA Sequences

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 185
Author(s):  
Nia Kurniawaty ◽  
Purnama Hidayat ◽  
Aunu Rauf
Keyword(s):  
Pest Management ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Biology Education ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Total Extraction

<p>Thrips are widely reported as pests in vegetable crops. However, the existence of Phlaeothripidae members has a less concern in Indonesia. Phlaeothripidae is the only family of  Tubulifera Suborder and some reports suggested that they had potential to be pests in several crops due to their ability to roll up and to make galls on leaves. The first step in pest management attempt is to identify the pest accurately and quickly, so the pest management can be on target and more efficient. One of the identification methods is the molecular identification using DNA barcoding techniques. This study aimed to characterize and to compare species thrips in banyan, nutmeg, and marine seruni based on their molecular characteristics. This research was conducted in Bogor and Kuningan. The process of molecular characterization consisteds of four steps  DNA total extraction, amplification by using PCR, COI gene sequence, and data analysis.  PCR programme was succesfully to amplified mt<em>COI</em> gene fragment at 710 bp. The length of mt<em>COI </em>gene of <em>Gynaikothrips uzeli, Haplothrips ganglbaueri</em>, and <em>Pseudophilothrips ichini</em> were 704, 686, and 702 bp dominated by A and T bases with nucleotide variation value of 27.8%. This results confirmed that molecular characterization using mt<em>COI </em>gene mitochondrial had successfully supported the morphological data. </p><p><strong>How to Cite</strong></p><p>Kurniawaty, N., Hidayat, P. &amp; Rauf, A. (2016). Characterization of Three Species of Thrips on Banyan, Nutmeg, and Marine Seruni Plants Based on Coi Gene. <em>Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology &amp; Biology Education</em>, 8(2), 185-192.</p>

scholarly journals Morphological Characterization of Mango (Mangifera indica L.) Germplasm Using DUS Testing

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (05) ◽  
pp. 2944-2959
Author(s):  
Kanchan Bhamini ◽  
Anjani Kumar ◽  
U.S. Jaiswal ◽  
Md. Feza Ahmad ◽  
Ruby Rani
Keyword(s):  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Dus Testing

scholarly journals Morphology and molecular characterization of Demidospermus spirophallus n. sp., D. prolixus n. sp. (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae) and a redescription of D. anus in siluriform catfish from Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 228-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Franceschini ◽  
A.C. Zago ◽  
M.I. Müller ◽  
C.J. Francisco ◽  
R.M. Takemoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Accessory Piece ◽  
Copulatory Organ ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Neotropical Region ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Ribosomal Gene ◽  
Upper Paraná River Floodplain ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data

AbstractThe present study describes Demidospermus spirophallus n. sp. and Demidospermus prolixus n. sp. (Monogenea, Dactylogyridae) from the siluriform catfish Loricaria prolixa Isbrücker & Nijssen, 1978 (Siluriformes, Loricariidae) from the state of São Paulo, Brazil, supported by morphological and molecular data. In addition, notes on the circumscription of the genus with a redescription of Demisdospermus anus are presented. Demidospermus spirophallus n. sp. differed from other congeners mainly because of the morphology of the male copulatory organ (MCO), which exhibited 2½ counterclockwise rings, a tubular accessory piece with one bifurcated end and a weakly sclerotized vagina with sinistral opening. Demidospermus prolixus n. sp. presents a counterclockwise-coiled MCO with 1½ rings, an ovate base, a non-articulated groove-like accessory piece serving as an MCO guide, two different hook shapes, inconspicuous tegumental annulations, a non-sclerotized vagina with sinistral opening and the absence of eyes or accessory eyespots. The present study provides, for the first time, molecular characterization data using the partial ribosomal gene (28S) of two new species of Demidospermus from Brazil (D. spirophallus n. sp. and D. prolixus n. sp.), and Demidospermus anus from Loricariichthys platymetopon Isbrücker & Nijssen, 1979 collected in the Upper Paraná River floodplain, Brazil. Additionally, a revision of the species composition of this genus and others that occur in catfish is proposed to elucidate problems with their circumscription. The Brazilian species of Demidospermus clustered together as sister taxa among Neotropical dactylogyrids from siluriforms. The morphological characterization of D. spirophallus n. sp. and D. prolixus n. sp., and the molecular data of the three species in the present study will extend knowledge about this monogenean genus from the Neotropical region, and provide new information for future phylogeny studies.

scholarly journals Biological and Molecular Characterization of Four Botryosphaeria Species Isolated from Pear Plants Showing Stem Wart and Stem Canker in China

Plant Disease ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 98 (6) ◽  
pp. 716-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lifeng Zhai ◽  
Meixin Zhang ◽  
Gang Lv ◽  
Xiaoren Chen ◽  
Nana Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Stem Canker ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
The Other ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer Region ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests ◽  
The Common ◽  
Stem Cankers

Pear stem wart and pear stem canker, which have been considered as two different fungal diseases caused by pathogens belonging to Botryosphaeria spp., commonly occur and cause serious damage in the main pear-producing areas in China. To identify the species of this genus infecting pear in China, 131 Botryosphaeria isolates were recovered from pear samples exhibiting symptoms collected from 20 different provinces and areas. Morphological characterization and phylogenetic analyses of the ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer region and the β-tubulin and EF1-α genes revealed that Botryosphaeria dothidea, B. rhodina, B. obtusa, and B. parva were associated with different pear stem wart and stem canker symptoms. Remarkably, all isolates of B. dothidea were obtained from the samples showing either stem wart or stem canker lesions; however, the isolates of the other three species were obtained only from the samples showing stem canker. Pathogenicity tests on the pear shoots showed that B. dothidea isolates could induce stem wart or stem canker lesions but all the isolates of the other three species could only induce stem cankers. However, the isolates of B. parva, B. rhodina, and B. obtusa exhibited higher virulence than that of the B. dothidea isolates on the pear fruit. Our results suggest that B. dothidea is the common causal agent for these two diseases (a pear stem wart and a pear-related stem canker), whereas B. parva, B. rhodina, and B. obtusa only cause pear stem canker diseases. To our knowledge, this study represents the first report for biological and molecular characterization of four Botryosphaeria spp. isolated from pear plants showing stem wart and stem canker in China.

scholarly journals Molecular characterization of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) from the tropical rainforest of Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Muñoz-Gamba ◽  
Katherine Laiton-Donato ◽  
Erick Perdomo-Balaguera ◽  
José Usme-Ciro ◽  
Gabriel Parra-Henao
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Sierra Nevada ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
Species Variation ◽  
Neighbor Joining ◽  
Phylogenetic Reconstructions

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDThe Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta rainforest has diverse fauna due to its position in northern Colombia, a Caribbean region with predominantly tropical, dry, and rainforest ecosystems in which there is a high diversity of mosquito species that may act as arbovirus vectors.OBJECTIVESThe present study reports the molecular characterization of select mosquito species in this rainforest.METHODSManual capture methods were used to collect mosquitoes, and the specimens were identified via classical taxonomy. The COI marker was used for species confirmation, and phylogenetic analysis was performed, using the neighbor-joining method, with the Kimura-2-Parameters model.FINDINGSAedes serratus, Psorophora ferox, Johnbelkinia ulopus, Sabethes cyaneus, Wyeomyia aporonoma, Wyeomyia pseudopecten, Wyeomyia ulocoma and Wyeomyia luteoventralis were identified and intra-species variation >2% for most species.MAIN CONCLUSIONSWe report the first records on the genetic variability of mosquitoes in this area and phylogenetic reconstructions allowed for identification at the species level, and the corroboration by means of classical taxonomy suggested complementarity of both methods, which may be employed when morphological or molecular data are poor or not available. The genetic and morphological characterization of jungle mosquito populations will help to understand their biology.

scholarly journals Molecular characterization of Baylisascaris devosi Sprent, 1952 (Ascaridoidea, Nematoda) from Kamchatka sables

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina A. Tranbenkova ◽  
Sergei E. Spiridonov
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Kamchatka Peninsula ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Lsu Rdna ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Rdna Sequences

SummaryThe nematodes of the genus Baylisascaris are common intestinal parasites of sables (Martes (M.) zibellina kamtschadalica Birula, 1916) on the entire territory of Kamchatka peninsula. Partial sequences of Cox I mitochondrial gene were used for molecular characterization of these nematodes, which confirmed the identification based on morphological data as B. devosi Sprent, 1952. Phylogenetic relationships of this Baylisascaris species were also inferred from the ITS rDNA and LSU rDNA sequences. SEM images were provided for taxonomically important morphological features.

scholarly journals Morphological characterization of fruit, seeds and seedlings of white-seal (Chrysophyllum rufum Mart. -Sapotaceae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliane Ferreira Lima ◽  
Renata Gabriela Vila Nova de Lima ◽  
Angélica Cândida Ferreira ◽  
Eduardo Bezerra de Almeida Jr. ◽  
Carmen Silvia Zickel
Keyword(s):  
Early Development ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Leaf Margin ◽  
Adult Individual ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
Plastic Trays

Abstract Chrysophyllum is the second largest genus of Sapotaceae, with 81 species distributed in the neotropics. Little data are found in the literature regarding the morphology of seedlings and the early development of this genus. This study aims to morphologically characterize the fruit, seeds and seedlings of Chrysophyllum rufum Mart. Fruits were collected from individuals present in two fragments of the Atlantic Forest, Pernambuco. A sample of 100 seeds and 100 fruits was randomly selected to obtain the morphological data. The seeds were sown in plastic trays in a greenhouse. The fruits are bacoid, obovoid and globose with one or two functional seeds per fruit. The seeds are obovate, with the shape of the hilum ranging from elliptical transverse to oblong transverse. The embryo is cotyledonar, with a spatulated form. The cotyledons are foliaceous and whitish-translucent. The endosperm is abundant and whitish. Germination is epigeal, phanerocotylar and unipolar. The seedling has different characteristics than those of the adult individual, such as the shape and leaf consistency, type of leaf margin, type of venation variation, number of pairs of secondary veins, trichome coloring and abundance of latex.

scholarly journals Bazı Yerli ve Yabancı Trabzon Hurması (Diospyros kaki L.) Çeşit ve Tiplerinin Morfolojik ve Moleküler Karakterizasyonu

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 1580
Author(s):  
Turgut Yeşiloğlu ◽  
Yıldız Aka Kacar ◽  
Bilge Yılmaz ◽  
Meral İncesu ◽  
Berken Çimen
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Diospyros Kaki ◽  
High Level ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Characterization

In this study, carried out in University of Cukurova, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Horticulture, morphological and molecular characterization of 20 persimmon accessions were performed. To determine morphological characterization, plant development stage, growth, and brunch structure, characteristics of leaf, fruit and seed were investigated. Data obtained by morphological characterization were subjected to similarity coefficient, principal components and cluster analyses to demonstrate the overall phenotypic relationships among these genotypes. The first 3 components contained 55.11% of the total multivariate variation. According to a cluster analysis, the similarity index of the population consists of 20 persimmon genotypes ranged between 6.01% and 67.47%. According to molecular characterization by full name (RAPD) markers, high level of genetic polymorphism was determined in persimmons. Although the high polymorphism, close genetic relationships have been determined among some genotypes. According to the RAPD markers, 82% similarity level was identified between ‘Hana Fuyu’ (Fr) and ‘Hachiya’ (Fr). Also ‘Fuji’ variety has shown a similarity of 80% between these genotypes. In addition, ‘Kaki Tipo’ (Fr), 07 TH 05, TH 01 07 TH 06 and 33 genotypes were clustered in the same group, and similarity level has been determined to be above 65%.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document