scholarly journals Effect of different proportions of exotic germplasm on grain yield and grain moisture in maize

Genetika ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-73
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Nastasic ◽  
Mile Ivanovic ◽  
Milisav Stojakovic ◽  
Dusan Stanisavljevic ◽  
Sanja Treskic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Orthogonal Polynomials ◽  
Inbred Line ◽  
Male Parent ◽  
Maize Inbred Line ◽  
Exotic Germplasm ◽  
Tropical Maize ◽  
Maize Germplasm ◽  
Grain Moisture

Two main questions in programs introgressing exotic maize germplasm into temperate materials are the choice of available exotic sources to work with, and the proportion of exotic germplasm that should be incorporated into adapted germplasm. The objective of this study was to compare effects of different proportions of tropical maize inbred line NC298 in hybrids male parent on grain yield and grain moisture content, using method of orthogonal polynomials. Methods of direct crosses and backcrosses were used to form four hybrid groups (six hybrids each) containing 0, 25, 50 and 75 percent of tropical exotic germplasm, respectively, by their male parent (or one half of mentioned proportions in the corresponding hybrids). The linear components of the germplasm proportions sum of squares, were significant (p<0.01) for both grain yield and moisture content and the cubic effect (p<0.05) for grain yield only. Results in this study clearly suggested backcross foundation populations with an adapted line to be appropriate selection sources for both grain yield and grain moisture content.

scholarly journals Green ear yield and grain yield of maize after harvest of the first ear as baby corn

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Sérgio L e Silva ◽  
Paulo Igor B e Silva ◽  
Ana Karenina F de Sousa ◽  
Kamila M Gurgel ◽  
Israel A Pereira Filho
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Female Inflorescence ◽  
Grain Moisture ◽  
Random Block ◽  
Random Block Design ◽  
Corn Grain

Baby corn (BC) consists of the corn ear harvested two or three days after silk emergence. BC is a profitable crop, making possible a diversification of production, aggregation of value and increased income. Removing the first female inflorescence induces corn to produce others, making possible to produce several BC ears or, alternatively, BC (by harvesting the first ear) and green ears or grain. The objective of this work was to evaluate green ear yield and grain yield, after harvesting the first ear as BC. Corn cultivar AG 1051 was submitted to the following treatments, in a random block design with ten replicates (52 plants per plot): BC harvesting; green ear harvesting (grain moisture content between 60 and 70%); mature ear harvesting; BC harvesting and harvesting of other ears as green or mature ears. Marketable green ears yield or grain yield produced without removing the first inflorescence were superior to the green ears yield or grain yield produced after removal of the first inflorescence harvested as baby corn. Harvesting only the first ear as baby corn, and then harvesting green ears or the mature ears, provided lower baby corn yields than that obtained by harvesting all ears as baby corn. Economically, the best net revenues would be obtained by exploring the crop for the production of green ears, green ears + baby corn, baby corn, baby corn + grain, and grain, in this order.

Contribution of Secondary Traits for High Grain Yield and Stability of Tropical Maize Germplasm across Drought Stress and Non-Stress Conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 110 (3) ◽  
pp. 819-832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cousin Musvosvi ◽  
Peter S. Setimela ◽  
Mruthunjaya C. Wali ◽  
Edmore Gasura ◽  
Basavangouda B. Channappagoudar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Tropical Maize ◽  
Maize Germplasm ◽  
Secondary Traits

scholarly journals A Grain Yield Sensor for Yield Mapping with Local Rice Combine Harvester

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 897
Author(s):  
Chaiyan Sirikun ◽  
Grianggai Samseemoung ◽  
Peeyush Soni ◽  
Jaturong Langkapin ◽  
Jakkree Srinonchat
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Grain Moisture ◽  
Pertinent Information ◽  
Yield Values ◽  
Combine Harvester ◽  
Yield Monitoring

Rice grain yield was estimated from a locally made Thai combine harvester using a specially developed sensing and monitoring system. The yield monitoring and sensing system, mounted on the rice combine harvester, collected and logged grain mass flow rate and moisture content, as well as pertinent information related to field, position and navigation. The developed system comprised a yield meter, GNSS receiver and a computer installed with customized software, which, when assembled on a local rice combine, mapped real-time rice yield along with grain moisture content. The performance of the developed system was evaluated at three neighboring (identically managed) rice fields. ArcGIS® software was used to create grain yield map with geographical information of the fields. The average grain yield values recorded were 3.63, 3.84 and 3.60 t ha−1, and grain moisture contents (w.b.) were 22.42%, 23.50% and 24.71% from the three fields, respectively. Overall average grain yield was 3.84 t ha−1 (CV = 63.68%) with 578.10 and 7761.58 kg ha−1 as the minimum and maximum values, respectively. The coefficients of variation in grain yield of the three fields were 57.44%, 63.68% and 60.41%, respectively. The system performance was evaluated at four different cutter bar heights (0.18, 0.25, 0.35 and 0.40 m) during the test. As expected, the tallest cutter bar height (0.40 m) offered the least error of 12.50% in yield estimation. The results confirmed that the developed grain yield sensor could be successfully used with the local rice combine harvester; hence, offers and ‘up-gradation’ potential in Thai agricultural mechanization.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF GRAIN MOISTURE OF CORN AT HARVESTING ON SOME AGRONOMIC TRAITS

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Baktash & Alkazaali
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Field Crop ◽  
Spring Season ◽  
College Of Agriculture ◽  
Fall Season ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Grain Moisture

This research was conducted during spring and fall seasons, 2015 , at the fields of Field Crop Department – College of Agriculture –University of Baghdad . The objective was to study the effect of grain moisture at  harvesting on some agronomic traits  of the corn  next  generation , by  using synthetic variety 5018 . In spring season 2015 , seeds of this variety  was planted ,when  moisture of the ear grains was (37-42%) , ten ears were harvested. Ear harvesting dates were performed manually when the grains had 37-42% , 34-36% , 30-33% , 25- 28% and 19-22%  moisture content. In fall season  2015 , varietal trail was carried out to the five treatment materials , using Randomized Complete Bock Design , with four replicates. The results  revealed , that non significant differences between treatments (19-22)%  and  (25-28)% , in all the studied traits . The plants  grown from the seeds of (25-28)%, were produced  highest vegetative mass (116.30 g.plant-1) , total dray matter (269 g. plant-1) and total dray matter ( 1.80  kg.m-2 ) . Highest grain yield ( 1.07  kg.m-2 ) and harvesting index ( 0.63) were produced from plants grown from  seeds harvested  with (19-22)%  moisture content . It can be concluded  that the best moisture contents of the grains for seed production was (19-28)%.

Reaction norm and stability of short-season maize hybrids as affected by environment

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
В. Сотченко ◽  
А. Горбачёва ◽  
А. Панфилов ◽  
Н. Казакова ◽  
И. Ветошкина
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Reaction Norm ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
South Urals ◽  
The South ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Grain Moisture ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Short Season

Полевые опыты проведены в 20162018 годах на опытных полях ВНИИ кукурузы в п. Пятигорский Предгорного района Ставропольского края и в Институте агроэкологии филиале Южно-Уральского ГАУ в с. Миасское Красноармейского района Челябинской области. Цель исследований изучить потенциал урожая раннеспелых гибридов кукурузы и уборочную влажность зерна в разных климатических зонах, выявить гибриды, гарантирующие стабильно высокий урожай зерна в условиях Южного Урала. Одной из важнейших экологических особенностей кукурузы является её широкая норма реакции на изменение условий среды, показателем проявления которой выступает пластичность и стабильность. Было проведено изучение основных хозяйственно ценных показателей девяти раннеспелых гибридов кукурузы трёх селекционных учреждений РФ при оптимальном сроке посева в двух географических точках (Северо-Кавказском и Уральском регионах РФ). Анализ нормы и стабильности реакции гибридов кукурузы по урожаю зерна на условия вегетации позволил отнести все изучаемые гибриды к среднепластичным. Значение нормы линейной реакции (r 0,71) свидетельствует об усилении отзывчивости гибридов на улучшение условий среды. Низкостабильными оказались только два гибрида: Машук 150 МВ и Ладожский 148 СВ. Остальные гибриды относятся к высокостабильной группе. Экологическая стабильность реакции слабо связана с урожаем зерна (r 0,26). Высокоурожайными на Южном Урале оказались гибриды кукурузы Уральский 150 и Обский 140 СВ. Гибрид кукурузы очень раннего срока цветения Кубанский 101 СВ был самым низкоурожайным и низкорослым в обоих пунктах. Лучший гибрид кукурузы для условий Южного Урала Уральский 150: при среднем урожае зерна за 3 года 6,5 т/га его уборочная влажность составила 31,7. Field trials took place in 20162018. The aim to select the best short-season maize hybrids for the South Urals and evaluate their yield potential as well as grain moisture content at harvest under different environmental conditions. Maize has a wide range of responses to environment defining its plasticity and stability. Economically important traits of nine short season maize hybrids obtained from three Breeding Institutions were analyzed in the North Caucasus and Ural regions of Russia under optimal seeding date. Hybrid yields showed medium variation as a response to growth conditions. Linear reaction norm model (r 0.71) represented sensitivity increase to improved conditions. Mashuk 150 MV and Ladozhskiy 148 SV hybrids were the most sensitive to environmental changes. Other hybrids had similar performance across different environments. Low trait variation under different conditions affected grain yield insignificantly (r 0.26). Uralskiy 150 and Obskiy 140 SV had high productivity in the South Urals. Extra short-season Kubanskiy 101 SV hybrid showed the lowest productivity and height at both locations. Uralskiy 150 hybrid was the most productive in the South Urals: for 3 years its grain yield amounted to 6.5 t ha-1, grain moisture content at harvest 31.7.

scholarly journals Effect of sowing technology on the yield and harvest grain moisture content of maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids with different genotypes

2016 ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
Eszter Murányi
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Grain Moisture ◽  
Significant Difference

From the aspect of the efficiency of maize production harvest grain moisture content shall be considered beside the amount of harvested grain yield. Hybrids with different genotypes and vegetation period length lose their moisture content different that is affected by row spacing and plant density – among agrotechnical production factors – depending on the given crop year. In the present research work three crop years with different weather conditions were studied (2013, 2014, and 2015). The small-plot field experiment was set up at the Látókép Field Research Centre of the University of Debrecen, Centre for Agricultural Sciences with four replications on a chernozem soil type. The effect of three factors was analysed in the experiment on yield amount and its moisture content. Factors were row spacing (45 and 76 cm), plant density (50, 70 and 90 thousand plants ha-1), while hybrids were of very early (Sarolta: FAO 290), early (DKC 4014: FAO 320, P 9175: FAO 330, P 9494: FAO 390) and medium (SY Afinity: FAO 470) ripening. In the crop year of 2013 the highest yield was produced – regarding the average of the hybrids – by the application of a row spacing of 45 cm (4.5%, 673 kg ha-1), however there was no significant difference between the yield of the populations of different row spacings. Significant difference (14.9%, 1751 kg ha-1; 6.3%, 583 kg ha-1) could be found in case of yield between different row spacing applications in 2014 and 2015. The effect of insufficiently distributed low amount of precipitation and lasting heat days in 2015 could be revealed in yield amounts and harvest grain yield moisture content results that were lower than in the previous years. In 2015 grain yield moisture content varied between 10.3 and 13.9% in case of a row spacing of 45 cm, while by 76 cm between 11.0 and 13.9%.

scholarly journals SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS AND PLANT REGENERATION FROM AN ELITE TROPICAL MAIZE INBRED LINE

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 366
Author(s):  
RAFAELI APARECIDA VIEIRA DE SOUZA ◽  
MEIRE DE CÁSSIA ALVES ◽  
NEWTON PORTILHO CARNEIRO ◽  
ALUÍZIO BORÉM ◽  
ANDRÉA ALMEIDA CARNEIRO
Keyword(s):  
Inbred Line ◽  
Embryogenic Callus ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Maize Inbred Line ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Tropical Maize ◽  
Transformation Techniques ◽  
N6 Medium

ABSTRACT – The improvement of tropical maize inbred lines by genetic transformation techniques remains a difficulttask since not all genotypes are capable of regenerating efficiently in vitro. The objective of this study was to evaluatethree different callus induction media, based on N6 or MS salts containing either 2,4-D (0, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0, 15.0, 30.0mg .L-1) or Dicamba (0; 0.25; 0.5; 1.0; 2.0; 4.0 mg.l-1) in the production of embryogenic callus from immature zygoticembryos of the tropical maize inbred line L3. Callus maturation was tested in MS medium containing 60 g.L-1 sucroseand supplemented with different combinations of BAP (0; 0.1; 0.5; 1.0 mg.L-1), NAA (0; 1.0 mg.L-1) and CuSO4 (0;1.25 mg.L-1). The L3 inbred line presented higher capacity for Type II callus formation on N6 medium content 10mg.L-1 2,4-D. For the maturation of callus, absence of plant growth regulators and addition of CuSO4 allowed higherpercentage of regeneration. The protocol developed presented 85% production of Type II embryogenic callus and 45%plant regeneration.Keywords: 2,4-D, dicamba, embryogenic callus, Zea mays.EMBRIOGÊNESE SOMÁTICA E REGENERAÇÃO DE PLANTAS A PARTIR DE UMA LINHAGEM DE MILHO TROPICAL ELITERESUMO – O melhoramento de linhagens de milho tropical através de técnicas de transformação genética continua aser uma tarefa difícil uma vez que nem todos os genótipos são capazes de regenerar eficientemente in vitro. O objetivodeste estudo foi avaliar três meios diferentes para a indução de calos embriogênicos, baseados em N6 ou MS saiscontendo 2,4-D (0; 2,5; 5,0; 10,0; 15,0; 30,0 mg.L-1) ou Dicamba (0; 0,25 ; 0,5; 1,0; 2,0; 4,0 mg.l-1) na produção decalos embriogênicos a partir de embriões zigóticos imaturos da linhagem de milho tropical elite L3. A maturação doscalos foi testada em meio MS com 60 g.L-1 de sacarose suplementado com diferentes combinações de BAP (0; 0,1; 0,5;1,0 mg.L-1), ANA (0; 1,0 mg.L-1) e CuSO4 (0; 1,25 mg L-1). A linhagem L3 apresentou alta capacidade para produçãode calos do Tipo II em meio N6 contendo 10 mg.L-1 de 2,4-D. Para a maturação dos calos, ausência de reguladoresde crescimento vegetal e adição de CuSO4 possibilitou maior porcentagem de regeneração. O protocolo desenvolvidoapresenta produção de 85% de calos embriogênicos do Tipo II e 45% de regeneração de plantas.Palavras-chave: 2,4-D, dicamba, calos embriogênicos, Zea mays.

scholarly journals Molecular mapping in tropical maize (Zea mays L.) using microsatellite markers. 2. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) for grain yield, plant heigth, ear height and grain moisture

Hereditas ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 139 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
SÉRGIO TADEU SIBOV ◽  
CLÁUDIO LOPES DE SOUZA JR ◽  
ANTONIO AUGUSTO FRANCO GARCIA ◽  
ADELMO REZENDE SILVA ◽  
ALEXANDRE FRANCO GARCIA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Molecular Mapping ◽  
Tropical Maize ◽  
Grain Moisture ◽  
Ear Height

scholarly journals Genome assembly of a tropical maize inbred line provides insights into structural variation and crop improvement

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 1052-1059 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Yang ◽  
Jie Liu ◽  
Qiang Gao ◽  
Songtao Gui ◽  
Lu Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inbred Line ◽  
Genome Assembly ◽  
Structural Variation ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Maize Inbred Line ◽  
Tropical Maize

scholarly journals Comparación de sorgos (Sorghum bicolor L.) isogénicos para dos tipos de citoplasma, aptitud combinatoria general y específica.

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Héctor Williams ◽  
Raúl Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Northern Mexico ◽  
Grain Moisture ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L

The purpose of this study was to compare estimates of relati ve general and specific combining ability effects on isogenic hybrids in two different cytoplasm types (A1 and A2), and observe the possibility of use the A2 system for the commercialproduction of sorghum hybrids. Genotypes were evaluated in ten environments located in northern Mexico. Grain yield, days to flowering, grain moisture content at harvest, plant height, panicle lenght and panicle excertion were recorded from the experiments. Combining ability was estimated ac-cording to the model suggested by Beil and Atkins in 1967. Although in all studied, the characteristics generally, the best SCA and GCA were for A2 cytoplasm, there was no relation between cytoplasm type and combining ability. These results indicate that A2 cytoplasm can be used for commercial hybrid sorghum seed production, as an alternative to Al cytoplasm.

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