scholarly journals Assessment of genetic diversity and estimation of genetic parameters for remobilization related traits of wheat under drought conditions

Genetika ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-149
Author(s):  
Ezatollah Farshadfar ◽  
Reza Amiri
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Predominant Role ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
Cropping Season ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Genetic Techniques ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Kernel Yield

In order to evaluate genetic variability and estimation of remobilization related traits in wheat using biometrical genetic techniques an experiment was conducted in a randomized complete blocks design with three replicates under post-anthesis drought stress conditions in the Campus of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran during 2011-2012 cropping season. The results of analysis of variance showed significant differences between the genotypes for all studied traits except current photosynthesis (CP) and current photosynthesis share into kernel yield (CPSKY). High genetic gain and broad sense heritability estimates were observed for penultimate remobilization share into kernel yield (PenRSKY) and internodes remobilization share into kernel yield (IRSKY) indicating high genetic potential, low effect of environment and predominant role of additive gene effect on their expression. Spike dry matter remobilization (SDMR), spike dry matter remobilization efficiency (SDMRE) and spike remobilization share into kernel yield (SRSKY) exhibited the highest phenotypic and genetic positive correlation with kernel yield (KY). Moreover, the highest genotypic and phenotypic covariance was observed between kernel yield (KY) and SDMR, CP, SDMRE and SRSKY, respectively. The highest environmental covariance was identified between kernel yield (KY), peduncle dry matter remobilization (PedDMR) and penultimate dry matter remobilization (PenDMR), respectively. High co-heritability was detected between SDMRE and PedDMR, PedDMRE and PenDMR and between peduncle remobilization share into kernel yield (PedRSKY) and internodes dry matter remobilization efficiency (IDMRE), suggesting that selection of either of the traits would simultaneously affect the others, positively.

Genetic Analysis for Yield and Yield Attributing Traits in Cowpea (Vignaunguiculata L. Walp)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reshmi Rani Das ◽  
Goutam Das ◽  
Pranab Talukdar ◽  
Seuji Bora Neog
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Predominant Role ◽  
Cowpea Varieties ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Sufficient Variation ◽  
Pod Length

The present investigation was conducted comprising of the parental lines and F1 progenies derived from a 6 x 6 diallel cross among cowpea varieties, excluding reciprocals. Analysis of variance revealed presence of sufficient variation among the genotypes for all the characters studied. For seed yield both GCA and SCA variances were significant, while GCA variance was significant for pods per cluster and SCA variance was significant for plant height, number of primary branches and pod length. Variety JCC-4 followed by UPC-622 were good general combiner for yield and yield attributing characters. Maximum SCA effect for seed yield per plant was observed with cross JCC-1 x JCC-4 followed by JCC-3 x JCC-4. Genetic analysis revealed that both additive (D) and dominance (H1 and H2) components were involved in controlling most of the characters. The predominant role of non-additive gene action was evident from relatively higher magnitude of dominance components, including H1, H2 and h2.

scholarly journals Economic Traits Selection and Genetic Parameters of Herd Cows of the Aberdeen-Angus Breed

2020 ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
В.М. Габидулин ◽  
С.А. Алимова ◽  
Х.Х. Тагиров
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Dna Marker ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Economic Traits ◽  
Genetic Progress ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
Genetic Reserve ◽  
Breeding Herd ◽  
Selection Of

Представлены результаты исследования по выявлению хозяйственно-биологических особенностей и селекционно-генетических параметров селекционируемых признаков коров стада абердин-ангусской породы австралийской репродукции. По результатам исследования выявлено, что генетический потенциал продуктивности максимально выражен в возрасте пяти лет (у полновозрастных коров) и перманентно сохраняется до девятилетнего возраста. Рост основных селекционируемых признаков с двух до пяти лет составил по живой массе 15,1%, по молочности – 5,1%. С увеличением возраста маток отмечен стабильный рост показателя «выход деловых телят» на 2,3%. Селекционный дифференциал за три поколения у коров в трёхлетнем возрасте по живой массе составил 23 кг и по молочности – 7,4 кг, коэффициент наследуемости составил 0,42 по живой массе и 0,36 – по молочности коров, эффект селекции по живой массе за поколение составил 9,7 кг, за год – 1,9 кг, по молочности – 2,7 кг и 0,5 кг соответственно. У генотипированных коров по схеме мать-дочь эффект селекции за поколение был выше у гетерозиготных генотипов дочерей, рождённых в Курганской области. Знание и рациональное использование традиционных и новых по ДНК маркерных методов селекции на производстве позволит выявить, а также реализовать генетический резерв животных и управлять селекционным процессом при совершенствовании племенного стада абердин-ангусской породы. The results of research on detecting of commercial-biological features and selection-genetic parameters of cows’ features under selection of the Australian reproduction Aberdeen-Angus breed herd of are presented. According to the results of the research it was revealed that the genetic potential of productivity is maximally expressed at the age of 5 years (in mature cowbanes) and persists permanently until the age of nine. The growth of the main features under selection from two to five years amounted to 15.1% by live weight, 5.1% by milking capacity. With an increase in the age of the dams a stable increase in the "calf crop percent" by 2.3% was noted. The selection differential for three generations in cows at the age of three years in living weight was 23 kg and in milking capacity – 7.4 kg, the inheritance coefficient was 0.42 in living weight and 0.36 - in milking capacity of cows, the effect of selection by live weight per generation was 9.7 kg, for the year – 1.9 kg, in milking capacity – 2.7 kg and 0.5 kg, respectively. In genotyped cows according to the dam-daughter scheme genetic progress through selection per generation was higher in heterozygous genotypes of daughters born in the Kurgan region. Knowledge and rational use of traditional and new DNA marker methods of selection at the place of production will allow identifying, as well as unlocking the genetic reserve of animals and managing the selection process while improving the breeding herd of the Aberdeen-Angus breed.

scholarly journals Analisis Nilai Tengah Generasi untuk Umur Panen Keturunan Persilangan Tiga Varietas Kedelai

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Gatut Wahyu A.S. ◽  
W. Mangoendidjojo ◽  
P. Yudono ◽  
A. Kasno
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Recessive Genes ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Late Maturity

<p>Genetic parameters of a character, which is estimated using genetic analysis approach, is important in a character improvement. The aim of this research was to examine the gene action of days to maturity character on soybean using generation mean analysis. The research consisted two steps, first was preparing four populations (F1, BC1.1, BC1.2 and F2) of three single crosses, i.e. Nanti × Grobogan, Grobogan × Malabar, and Nanti × Malabar. The second step was testing those populations consisting of P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1.1 and BC1.2 in the field at Jambegede Experimental Station, Malang, East Java, from July to September 2009. The results showed that there were interaction between the gene loci on the inheritance of days to maturity, from the three cross combinations under study. The role of additive gene action and the influence of dominant inheritance contributed jointly, affecting days to maturity of early maturity (Grobogan) and early maturity (Malabar) cross. The crossing of very late maturity (Nanti) with early maturity (Grobogan or Malabar) showed that early maturity was probably controlled by additive recessive genes.</p>

scholarly journals Inferring the selection window in antimicrobial resistance using deep mutational scanning data and biophysics-based fitness models

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pouria Dasmeh ◽  
Anh-Tien Ton ◽  
Caroline Quach ◽  
Adrian W.R. Serohijos
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Catalytic Efficiency ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Mutant Selection ◽  
Selection Window ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Lower Limits ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractMutant-selection window (MSW) hypothesis in antimicrobial resistance implies a range for antimicrobial concentration that promotes selection of single-step resistant mutants. Since the inception and experimental verification, MSW has been at the forefront of strategies to minimize development of antimicrobial resistance (AR). Setting the upper and lower limits of MSW requires an understanding of the dependence of selection coefficient of arising mutations to antimicrobial concentration. In this work, we employed a biophysics-based and experimentally calibrated fitness model to estimate MSW in the case of Ampicillin and Cefotaxime resistance in E.coli TEM-1 beta lactamase. In line with experimental observations, we show that selection is active at very low levels of antimicrobials. Furthermore, we elucidate the dependence of MSW to catalytic efficiency of mutants, fraction of mutants in the population and discuss the role of population genetic parameters such as population size and mutation rate. Altogether, our analysis and formalism provide a predictive model of MSW with direct implications in the design of dosage strategies.

BIOMETRICAL ANALYSIS WITH TWO OR THREE GENE LOCI

1972 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Jana
Keyword(s):  
Complex Traits ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Genetic Effect ◽  
Additive Genetic Effect ◽  
Biometrical Analysis ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Linear Combination Model

A linear combination model proposed by Seyffert (1966) has been applied for estimating the first-degree genetic parameters specifying additive, dominance and epistatic effects of two and three gene loci affecting quantitatively inherited characters. Using the data from some recently published reports, it has been found that a large part of epistatic gene action remains undetected by the standard biometrical techniques like factorial and diallel methods of analysis. These methods usually tend to overestimate the role of additive gene action in the inheritance of metrical characters. It is suggested that characters with less complex biological causes of variation tend to show more additive genetic effect than relatively more complex traits.

The role of silicon in forages: A quantitative X-Ray study

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 416-417
Author(s):  
Janet H. Woodward ◽  
D. E. Akin
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Acetate ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Acetate Buffer ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Sodium Acetate Buffer ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Percent Composition

Silicon (Si) is distributed throughout plant tissues, but its role in forages has not been clarified. Although Si has been suggested as an antiquality factor which limits the digestibility of structural carbohydrates, other research indicates that its presence in plants does not affect digestibility. We employed x-ray microanalysis to evaluate Si as an antiquality factor at specific sites of two cultivars of bermuda grass (Cynodon dactvlon (L.) Pers.). “Coastal” and “Tifton-78” were chosen for this study because previous work in our lab has shown that, although these two grasses are similar ultrastructurally, they differ in in vitro dry matter digestibility and in percent composition of Si.Two millimeter leaf sections of Tifton-7 8 (Tift-7 8) and Coastal (CBG) were incubated for 72 hr in 2.5% (w/v) cellulase in 0.05 M sodium acetate buffer, pH 5.0. For controls, sections were incubated in the sodium acetate buffer or were not treated.

Faculty selection of textbooks: Key variables and the role of teaching experience

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aja Taitano ◽  
Bradley Smith ◽  
Cade Hulbert ◽  
Kristin Batten ◽  
Lalania Woodstrom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Experience ◽  
Key Variables ◽  
Faculty Selection ◽  
Selection Of

Posttransplant CMV infection and the role of immunosuppression (Sponsor: Novartis Pharma GmbH, Nürnberg)

2016 ◽  
Vol 04 (01) ◽  
pp. 4-10
Keyword(s):  
Lower Incidence ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Mtor Inhibitor ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Expert Panel ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Cmv Infection ◽  
Expert Meeting ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractImmunosuppression permits graft survival after transplantation and consequently a longer and better life. On the other hand, it increases the risk of infection, for instance with cytomegalovirus (CMV). However, the various available immunosuppressive therapies differ in this regard. One of the first clinical trials using de novo everolimus after kidney transplantation [1] already revealed a considerably lower incidence of CMV infection in the everolimus arms than in the mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) arm. This result was repeatedly confirmed in later studies [2–4]. Everolimus is now considered a substance with antiviral properties. This article is based on the expert meeting “Posttransplant CMV infection and the role of immunosuppression”. The expert panel called for a paradigm shift: In a CMV prevention strategy the targeted selection of the immunosuppressive therapy is also a key element. For patients with elevated risk of CMV, mTOR inhibitor-based immunosuppression is advantageous as it is associated with a significantly lower incidence of CMV events.

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