scholarly journals Genetic and morphological diversity in Cousinia calocephala Jaub. & Spach (Asteraceae; section Cynaroideae bunge) populations

Genetika ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-213
Author(s):  
Neda Atazadeh ◽  
Masoud Sheidai ◽  
Farideh Attar ◽  
Fahimeh Koohdar
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Difference ◽  
Morphological Difference ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Mantel Test ◽  
Zagros Mountains ◽  
Discriminating Power ◽  
Geographical Populations ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Almost All

The genus Cousinia Cass. of the tribe Cardueae with about 700 species is one of the most diverse genera in Central and SW Asia following Senecio and Vernonia. The section Cynaroideae with 89 species is the largest section of the genus. Cousinia calocephala is the only endemic species of the section distributed in 14 provinces of Iran from Alborz to Zagros mountains. In present study 65 plant specimens of 13 geographical populations of C. calocephala were investigated based on the morphological and genetic (ISSR) data. ANOVA test revealed a significant morphological difference among the studied populations. Similarly, AMOVA test yielded a significant genetic difference between the studied populations, suggesting that the studied populations are morphologically and genetically differentiated. AMOVA test revealed that 94% of the total genetic difference was due to inter-populations genetic differences, while 6% was due to within-species genetic variability. The discriminating power of ISSR loci as determined by Gst against Nm analysis, revealed that almost all ISSR loci have an excellent discriminating power. Thus, ISSR markers are efficient in differentiating of the studied C. calocephala populations. The mantel test, revealed a significant positive correlation between genetic and morphological distance and geographical distance of the studied populations. Genetic analysis results revealed that along with genetic drift, low level of gene flow and migration, adaptive loci also helped populations diverge and adapt these populations to their local condition. Thus, we have three different groups which can be considered as three ecotypes for C. calocephala based on the morphological and genetic data.

Genetic and morphological diversity in Cousinia tabrisiana (Asteraceae) populations

Biologia ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Abbas Minaeifar ◽  
Masoud Sheidai ◽  
Farideh Attar ◽  
Zahra Noormohammadi ◽  
Bahar Ghasemzadeh-Baraki
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Difference ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Mantel Test ◽  
Assignment Test ◽  
Distribution Area ◽  
Biological Challenge ◽  
Medicinal Value ◽  
Geographical Populations ◽  
Significant Morphological Difference ◽  
Points Of View

AbstractCousinia Cass. is one of the largest genuses in the Asteraceae. It contains 600 to 700 species in Southwest and Central Asia, in Iran with 270 species is the largest genus after Astragalus, Cousinia probably is unique in the degree of diversification of all its parts and definitely unique in the restricted distribution area of a high number of species. Some of Cousinia species have medicinal value. Perhaps the most important biological challenge today is the conservation of biodiversity. As human population increases, so does the need for natural resources and space for the growing population. In this investigation eighty-seven plant specimens of 8 geographical populations of Cousinia tabrisiana Bunge. were studied from morphological and genetic (ISSR) points of view. Both intra and inter-population morphological and genetic variability was observed in the studied populations. ANOVA and CVA tests revealed significant morphological difference among these populations. Similarly, AMOVA and Hickory tests revealed significant molecular difference among geographical populations. Mantel test produced significant positive correlation between genetic distance and geographical distance of the studied populations. Networking, STRUCTURE analysis and population assignment test revealed some degree of gene flow among these populations. LMFF test identified some of the ISSR loci to be correlated with environmental factors studied and consensus tree of morphological and genetic data identified divergent populations.

Species delimitation and population structure in three Onosma (Boraginaceae) species

Biologia ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoud Sheidai ◽  
Samira Sadeghi ◽  
Mahnaz-Arab Ameri ◽  
Ahmad-Reza Mehrabeian
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Species Delimitation ◽  
Genetic Difference ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Mantel Test ◽  
Geographical Distance ◽  
Nj Tree ◽  
Issr Molecular Markers

AbstractThe present study aimed to reveal genetic diversity and population structure in three Onosma species i.e., Onosma bulbotrichum DC., O. elwendicum Wettst. and O. sericeum Willd. (Boraginaceae) growing in Iran. This study was performed to check if the ISSR molecular markers could be used in the Onosma species delimitation. We also investigated the infra-specific morphological variability and if we can identify infra-species taxonomic forms. The present study revealed within species genetic and morphological diversity. ISSR data could delimit the studied species as they were separated from each other in NJ tree, maximum parsimony and STRUCTURE analysis. AMOVA and Hickory tests produced significant genetic difference among the studied species. The Mantel test showed no correlation between genetic distance and geographical distance of the populations for all three species. Reticulation analysis and Nm estimation showed gene flow among these populations. We could identify a few ISSR loci that are adaptive. Data obtained can be used in conservation of these medicinal plants in Iran.

Species Delimitation In Rhabdosciadium (Apiaceae): Morphological and Molecular

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 437 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
SHAHRAM MEHRI ◽  
IMAN KOLBADI ◽  
HASSAN SHIRAFKAN-AJIRLOU
Keyword(s):  
Species Delimitation ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Mantel Test ◽  
Species Structure ◽  
Genetic Affinity ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Geographical Populations ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
Issr Molecular Markers

Rhabdosciadium is a distinct and small Apiaceae genus represented by only 8 species worldwide, 5 of which are distributed in Turkey and 3 occur in Iran. They all are narrow endemic, rare mountain species. The genus is characterized by single-fruited umbellules, linear-cylindrical fruits, parennial, glabrous, and junciform habit, reduced cauline leaves, and fibrous collar at the base of the stem. Till present time, there has been no detailed information available on molecular phylogeny and genetic structure of these species in the country. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim to investigate species delimitation by both morphological and molecular data and to reveal genetic diversity and population structure in these three Rhabdosciadium species. For this study, 98 randomly collected plants from 15 geographical populations in Rhabdosciadium species were used. We encountered extensive within species genetic and morphological diversity. ISSR molecular markers could delimit the studied species. STRUCTURE analysis revealed the occurrence gene flow between these species. The Mantel test showed correlation between genetic distance and geographical distance of the populations studied. Phylogenetic tree was constructed based on ITS data set which separated out-groups from the studied species. Genetic affinity of the studied species have been discussed.

scholarly journals ISSR markers and population differentiations in Erodium ciconium (L.) L'hér ex Aiton

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-73
Author(s):  
Xi Fei ◽  
Ruan Xuejun ◽  
Amir Abbas Minaeifar
Keyword(s):  
Population Genetic ◽  
Genetic Difference ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Mantel Test ◽  
Population Diversity ◽  
Protein Supplements ◽  
Population Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Plant Taxon

Erodium ciconium is an important grazing plant and a source of protein supplements to straw for ruminants in semideserts and wastelands of the Middle East. There is no information on its population genetic structure, genetic diversity, and morphological variability in Iran. We performed molecular data for knowing the population differentiation in this species. For this study, we used 110 randomly collected plants from 15 geographical populations in 6 provinces of Iran. AMOVA test revealed significant genetic difference among the studied populations and also revealed that, 63% of total genetic variability was due to within population diversity while, 37% was due to among population genetic differentiation. Mantel test showed positive significant correlation between genetic distance and geographical distance of the studied populations. Networking, STRUCTURE analyses revealed some degree of gene flow among these populations. Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 28(1): 61-73, 2021 (June)

Genetic, cytogenetic and morphological diversity in Helicrysum leucocephalum (Asteraceae) populations

Biologia ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Narjes Azizi ◽  
Masoud Sheidai ◽  
Valeyollah Mozafarian ◽  
Zahra Noormohammadi
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Genetic Difference ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Mantel Test ◽  
Genetic Admixture ◽  
Geographical Distance ◽  
Gene Exchange ◽  
Medicinal Species ◽  
Local Populations ◽  
Wide Geographical Distribution

AbstractHelichrysum (family Asteraceae) is a large, heterogeneous and polyphyletic genus. Most of the Helichrysum species have ornamental and medicinal values. Helicrysum leucocephalum Boiss., has wide geographical distribution in Iran and forms several local populations. The present investigation was performed to study inter populations, genetic, cytogenetic and morphological diversity of this medicinal species. The AMOVA test showed significant genetic difference among the studied populations but the Mantel test did not show correlation between the genetic distance and geographical distance of these populations. STRUCTURE and reticulation analyses showed some degree of genetic admixture and gene exchange among the studied populations. These populations had different chromosome numbers and also differed significantly in the size of their chromosomes.

scholarly journals Species delimitation in Capparis (Capparaceae): Morphological and molecular

Genetika ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 609-627
Author(s):  
Sakine Najafian ◽  
Iraj Mehregan ◽  
Alireza Iranbakhsh ◽  
Mostafa Assadi ◽  
Silvio Fici
Keyword(s):  
Species Delimitation ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Mantel Test ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Species Structure ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Geographical Populations ◽  
Capparis Spinosa ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data

Capparis spinosa L. (Capparidaceae) is the largest genus of the family Capparaceae, distributed in pantropical region. C. spinosa is known as a medicinal plant species. In Iran, different parts of caper bush plants are used as diuretics, tonics and in treatment of malaria and joint disease. Till present time, there has been no detailed information available on molecular phylogeny and genetic structure of these species in the country. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim to investigate species delimitation by both morphological and molecular data and to reveal genetic diversity and population structure in these five of Capparis species. For this study, 108 randomly collected plants from 20 geographical populations in of Capparis species were used. We encountered extensive within species genetic and morphological diversity. ISSR molecular markers could delimit the studied species. STRUCTURE analysis revealed the occurrence gene flow between these species. The Mantel test showed correlation between genetic distance and geographical distance of the populations studied. Phylogenetic tree was constructed based on ITS data set which separated out-groups from the studied species. Genetic affinity of the studied species have been discussed.

scholarly journals Gene flow and population structure in Allochrusa (caryophylloideae, caryophyllaceae) with the use of molecular markers

Genetika ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 799-812
Author(s):  
Weimiao Chen ◽  
Majid Khayatnezhad ◽  
Nima Sarhadi
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Species Delimitation ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Mantel Test ◽  
Geographical Distance ◽  
Genetic Affinity ◽  
Geographical Populations

Allochrusa Bunge is a genus of subfamily Caryophylloideae Rabeler & Bittrich contains about 8 species distributed in Turkey, Central Asia, Afghanistan, Caucasus, Transcaucasus and Iran. Three species of Allochrusa versicolor, A. bungei and A. persica occur in Iran show some degree of morphological overlaps that make the species delimitation difficult. Till present time, there has been no detailed information available on morphological and genetic structure of these species in the country. The aims of the present study are: 1) to find the diagnostic value of SCoT markers in delimitation of Allochrusa species, 2) to find the genetic structure of these taxa in Iran, and 3) to investigate the species inter-relationship. For this study, 97 randomly collected plants from 7 geographical populations in three Allochrusa species were used. We encountered extensive within species genetic and morphological diversity. SCoT molecular markers could delimit the studied species. AMOVA and STRUCTURE analysis revealed that the species of Allochrusa are genetically differentiated. The Mantel test showed correlation between genetic distance and geographical distance of the populations studied. Genetic affinity of the studied species has been discussed.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Molecular and Morphological Diversity of Capparis Spinosa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noshin Mahmodi ◽  
Gholam-Reza Sharifi-Sirchi ◽  
Kianoosh Cheghamirza
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Perfect Match ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Zagros Mountains ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Capparis Spinosa ◽  
Polymorphic Bands

Abstract The objective of this study was the evaluation of molecular and morphological diversity among 80 caper (Capparis spinosa L.) genotypes from the 12 regions of the central Zagros Mountains located in the west of Iran. The results showed a high level of morphological genetic variation among the caper samples. According to the morphological cluster analysis, 80 genotypes were clustered into five main groups. The 15 factors justified 78.7 % of the total variation based on factor analysis. ISSR primers produced a total of 108 polymorphic bands (85.04%) from 127 bands and the PIC for primers ranged from 0.01 to 0.52. SCoT primers produced a total of 165 polymorphic bands (86.84%) from 190 bands and the PIC for primers ranged from 0.06 to 0.55. Ordination and cluster analysis by ISSR markers showed that the genetic relationships among all accessions could be separated into three major groups and by SCoT markers separated into six groups. The results did not show a perfect match between the molecular diversity groupings and geographical regions, because many natural factors and human activities shape the amount and pattern of genetic diversity in a plant population. SCoT markers were more informative than ISSR markers for the assessment of genetic diversity of caper germplasm. The combined (ISSR+SCoT) markers haven't shown more information of genetic diversity than single analysis of ISSR and SCoT. The results indicated the existence of dispersion and different levels of morphological variation and molecular genetic diversity in the genotypes collected from west of Iran.

Infra-specific genetic and morphological diversity in Linum album (Linaceae)

Biologia ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoud Sheidai ◽  
Somayeh Ziaee ◽  
Fatemeh Farahani ◽  
Seyed-Mehdi Talebi ◽  
Zahra Noormohammadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Size ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Population Divergence ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Linum Album ◽  
Anticancer Properties ◽  
Geographical Populations

AbstractThe genus Linum L. (Lineacea) has over 15 species, subspecies or ecotypes in Iran. These species show extensive geographical distribution and form many local populations throughout the country. Linum album is herbaceous medicinal plant containing important lignans such as podophyllotoxin (PTOX) and 6-methoxy podophyllotoxin (MPTOX), which have antiviral and anticancer properties. Studying the genetic and morphological diversity of different geographical populations produces detailed knowledge about population divergence and identification of the infra-species taxa if at all they are present. Moreover, the populations that differ in their genetic content and structure may also differ in their chemical and medicinal properties. The present study considers morphological and genetic diversity analyses of 20 L. album geographical populations by using nuclear ISSR markers, genome size, and cytogenetic characteristics. These populations differed significantly in many of their quantitative morphological characters and in some of their qualitative features. They also differed significantly in their molecular characteristics and genome size. Details of morphological and molecular variations are reported and discussed.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity and population structure of Iranian pistachio (Pistacia vera l.) cultivars

Genetika ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 671-686
Author(s):  
Mojdeh Mahdavi ◽  
Fariba Sharifnia ◽  
Fahimeh Salimpour ◽  
Akbar Esmaeili ◽  
Mohaddeseh Larypoor
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Difference ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Mantel Test ◽  
Similarity Coefficients ◽  
Conservation Core

Iran has a rich pistachio germplasm, thereby, the diversity and number of Iranian pistachio cultivars is unique in the world. Genetic diversity is crucial for sustainable use of genetic resources and conservation. As one of the oldest nut crops in human history, pistachio nuts have a high nutritional value and are commercially important. In the present study, the genetic variation of pistachio genotypes was investigated by nuclear ISSR markers. In this study, genetic relationships among 11 cultivars was assessed by using 12 inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) primers. The total of 53 bands of which 44 (83%) were polymorphic were amplified by the 12 primers, an average of 4.4 bands per primer. The total number of amplified fragments was between 2 to 6 and the number of polymorphic fragments ranged from two to six. The amplified allele sizes ranged from 300 to 1600 bp. Pair-wise genetic similarity coefficients varied from 0.70 to 0.95. The UPGMA dendrogram differentiated the genotypes into two major clusters. The Mantel test showed correlation between genetic and geographical distance. AMOVA revealed a significant genetic difference among cultivars and showed that 35% of total genetic variation was due to within- cultivars diversity. The present results may be used for the conservation, core collection and future breeding of the pistachio.

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