scholarly journals Gene flow and population structure in Allochrusa (caryophylloideae, caryophyllaceae) with the use of molecular markers

Genetika ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 799-812
Author(s):  
Weimiao Chen ◽  
Majid Khayatnezhad ◽  
Nima Sarhadi
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Species Delimitation ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Mantel Test ◽  
Geographical Distance ◽  
Genetic Affinity ◽  
Geographical Populations

Allochrusa Bunge is a genus of subfamily Caryophylloideae Rabeler & Bittrich contains about 8 species distributed in Turkey, Central Asia, Afghanistan, Caucasus, Transcaucasus and Iran. Three species of Allochrusa versicolor, A. bungei and A. persica occur in Iran show some degree of morphological overlaps that make the species delimitation difficult. Till present time, there has been no detailed information available on morphological and genetic structure of these species in the country. The aims of the present study are: 1) to find the diagnostic value of SCoT markers in delimitation of Allochrusa species, 2) to find the genetic structure of these taxa in Iran, and 3) to investigate the species inter-relationship. For this study, 97 randomly collected plants from 7 geographical populations in three Allochrusa species were used. We encountered extensive within species genetic and morphological diversity. SCoT molecular markers could delimit the studied species. AMOVA and STRUCTURE analysis revealed that the species of Allochrusa are genetically differentiated. The Mantel test showed correlation between genetic distance and geographical distance of the populations studied. Genetic affinity of the studied species has been discussed.

Species delimitation and population structure in three Onosma (Boraginaceae) species

Biologia ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoud Sheidai ◽  
Samira Sadeghi ◽  
Mahnaz-Arab Ameri ◽  
Ahmad-Reza Mehrabeian
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Species Delimitation ◽  
Genetic Difference ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Mantel Test ◽  
Geographical Distance ◽  
Nj Tree ◽  
Issr Molecular Markers

AbstractThe present study aimed to reveal genetic diversity and population structure in three Onosma species i.e., Onosma bulbotrichum DC., O. elwendicum Wettst. and O. sericeum Willd. (Boraginaceae) growing in Iran. This study was performed to check if the ISSR molecular markers could be used in the Onosma species delimitation. We also investigated the infra-specific morphological variability and if we can identify infra-species taxonomic forms. The present study revealed within species genetic and morphological diversity. ISSR data could delimit the studied species as they were separated from each other in NJ tree, maximum parsimony and STRUCTURE analysis. AMOVA and Hickory tests produced significant genetic difference among the studied species. The Mantel test showed no correlation between genetic distance and geographical distance of the populations for all three species. Reticulation analysis and Nm estimation showed gene flow among these populations. We could identify a few ISSR loci that are adaptive. Data obtained can be used in conservation of these medicinal plants in Iran.

Species Delimitation In Rhabdosciadium (Apiaceae): Morphological and Molecular

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 437 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
SHAHRAM MEHRI ◽  
IMAN KOLBADI ◽  
HASSAN SHIRAFKAN-AJIRLOU
Keyword(s):  
Species Delimitation ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Mantel Test ◽  
Species Structure ◽  
Genetic Affinity ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Geographical Populations ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
Issr Molecular Markers

Rhabdosciadium is a distinct and small Apiaceae genus represented by only 8 species worldwide, 5 of which are distributed in Turkey and 3 occur in Iran. They all are narrow endemic, rare mountain species. The genus is characterized by single-fruited umbellules, linear-cylindrical fruits, parennial, glabrous, and junciform habit, reduced cauline leaves, and fibrous collar at the base of the stem. Till present time, there has been no detailed information available on molecular phylogeny and genetic structure of these species in the country. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim to investigate species delimitation by both morphological and molecular data and to reveal genetic diversity and population structure in these three Rhabdosciadium species. For this study, 98 randomly collected plants from 15 geographical populations in Rhabdosciadium species were used. We encountered extensive within species genetic and morphological diversity. ISSR molecular markers could delimit the studied species. STRUCTURE analysis revealed the occurrence gene flow between these species. The Mantel test showed correlation between genetic distance and geographical distance of the populations studied. Phylogenetic tree was constructed based on ITS data set which separated out-groups from the studied species. Genetic affinity of the studied species have been discussed.

scholarly journals Species delimitation in Capparis (Capparaceae): Morphological and molecular

Genetika ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 609-627
Author(s):  
Sakine Najafian ◽  
Iraj Mehregan ◽  
Alireza Iranbakhsh ◽  
Mostafa Assadi ◽  
Silvio Fici
Keyword(s):  
Species Delimitation ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Mantel Test ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Species Structure ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Geographical Populations ◽  
Capparis Spinosa ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data

Capparis spinosa L. (Capparidaceae) is the largest genus of the family Capparaceae, distributed in pantropical region. C. spinosa is known as a medicinal plant species. In Iran, different parts of caper bush plants are used as diuretics, tonics and in treatment of malaria and joint disease. Till present time, there has been no detailed information available on molecular phylogeny and genetic structure of these species in the country. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim to investigate species delimitation by both morphological and molecular data and to reveal genetic diversity and population structure in these five of Capparis species. For this study, 108 randomly collected plants from 20 geographical populations in of Capparis species were used. We encountered extensive within species genetic and morphological diversity. ISSR molecular markers could delimit the studied species. STRUCTURE analysis revealed the occurrence gene flow between these species. The Mantel test showed correlation between genetic distance and geographical distance of the populations studied. Phylogenetic tree was constructed based on ITS data set which separated out-groups from the studied species. Genetic affinity of the studied species have been discussed.

scholarly journals First regional evaluation of nuclear genetic diversity and population structure in northeastern coyotes (Canis latrans)

F1000Research ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Monzón
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Canis Latrans ◽  
Regional Analysis ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Genomic Markers

Previous genetic studies of eastern coyotes (Canis latrans) are based on one of two strategies: sampling many individuals using one or very few molecular markers, or sampling very few individuals using many genomic markers. Thus, a regional analysis of genetic diversity and population structure in eastern coyotes using many samples and several molecular markers is lacking. I evaluated genetic diversity and population structure in 385 northeastern coyotes using 16 common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). A region-wide analysis of population structure revealed three primary genetic populations, but these do not correspond to the same three subdivisions inferred in a previous analysis of mitochondrial DNA sequences. More focused geographic analyses of population structure indicated that ample genetic structure occurs in coyotes from an intermediate contact zone where two range expansion fronts meet. These results demonstrate that genotyping several highly heterozygous SNPs in a large, geographically dense sample is an effective way to detect cryptic population genetic structure. The importance of SNPs in studies of population and wildlife genomics is rapidly increasing; this study adds to the growing body of recent literature that demonstrates the utility of SNPs ascertained from a model organism for evolutionary inference in closely related species.

scholarly journals Isozyme and RAPD studies in Prosopis glandulosa and P. Velutina (Leguminosae, Mimosoideae)

2000 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 639-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia Bessega ◽  
Beatriz O. Saidman ◽  
Juan C. Vilardi
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Mantel Test ◽  
Prosopis Glandulosa ◽  
Geographical Distance ◽  
Taxonomic Studies

Allozyme and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) techniques have been compared for their usefulness for genetic and taxonomic studies in Prosopis glandulosa and P. velutina populations. Isozymes and RAPDs yielded similarly high estimates of genetic variability. Genetic structure and differentiation were analyzed through non-hierarchical Wright's F DT. For all populations considered, both markers produced low gene flow (Nm < 1) estimates. When only P. glandulosa populations were analyzed, isozyme data yielded higher gene flow estimates (Nm > 1), in agreement with that expected for conspecific populations. However, in RAPD data the expected reduction in F DT and the increase in Nm were not observed. Correlation between F DT and geographical distance matrices (Mantel test) for all populations was significant (P = 0.02) when based on isozymes, but not so (P = 0.33) when based on RAPDs. No significant associations among genetic and geographical or climatic variables were observed. Two isoenzyme systems (GOT and PRX) enabled us to distinguish between P. glandulosa and P. velutina, but no diagnostic band for recognition of populations or species studied here were detected by RAPD. However, RAPD markers showed higher values for genetic differentiation among conspecific populations of P. glandulosa and a lower coefficient of variation than those obtained from isozymes.

scholarly journals Species delimitation and genetic diversity analysis in Salvia with the use of ISSR molecular markers

2016 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoumeh Safaei ◽  
Masoud Sheidai ◽  
Behnaz Alijanpoor ◽  
Zahra Noormohammadi
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Species Delimitation ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Mantel Test ◽  
Species Relationship ◽  
Inter Simple Sequence Repeats ◽  
Alborz Mountain ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Issr Molecular Markers

AbstractThirty-nine plant specimens of six Salvia species were collected from different localities of the Alborz mountain region in Iran and studied for morphological and genetic variability and species relationship. Inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) molecular markers showed a high degree of within-species and interspecific genetic variability in Salvia. Analysis of molecular variance and Hickory tests showed significant molecular difference among the studied populations. A principal coordinate analysis plot of morphological characters grouped the species into two distinct groups, supporting their taxonomic treatment. This was partly supported by ISSR networking. The Mantel test did not show a correlation between genetic distance and the geographical distance of the studied populations. STRUCTURE and reticulation analyses revealed some degree of gene fl ow among the species. The present study showed that ISSR molecular markers could be used in Salvia species delimitation along with morphological study.

scholarly journals Genetic and morphological diversity in Cousinia calocephala Jaub. & Spach (Asteraceae; section Cynaroideae bunge) populations

Genetika ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-213
Author(s):  
Neda Atazadeh ◽  
Masoud Sheidai ◽  
Farideh Attar ◽  
Fahimeh Koohdar
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Difference ◽  
Morphological Difference ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Mantel Test ◽  
Zagros Mountains ◽  
Discriminating Power ◽  
Geographical Populations ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Almost All

The genus Cousinia Cass. of the tribe Cardueae with about 700 species is one of the most diverse genera in Central and SW Asia following Senecio and Vernonia. The section Cynaroideae with 89 species is the largest section of the genus. Cousinia calocephala is the only endemic species of the section distributed in 14 provinces of Iran from Alborz to Zagros mountains. In present study 65 plant specimens of 13 geographical populations of C. calocephala were investigated based on the morphological and genetic (ISSR) data. ANOVA test revealed a significant morphological difference among the studied populations. Similarly, AMOVA test yielded a significant genetic difference between the studied populations, suggesting that the studied populations are morphologically and genetically differentiated. AMOVA test revealed that 94% of the total genetic difference was due to inter-populations genetic differences, while 6% was due to within-species genetic variability. The discriminating power of ISSR loci as determined by Gst against Nm analysis, revealed that almost all ISSR loci have an excellent discriminating power. Thus, ISSR markers are efficient in differentiating of the studied C. calocephala populations. The mantel test, revealed a significant positive correlation between genetic and morphological distance and geographical distance of the studied populations. Genetic analysis results revealed that along with genetic drift, low level of gene flow and migration, adaptive loci also helped populations diverge and adapt these populations to their local condition. Thus, we have three different groups which can be considered as three ecotypes for C. calocephala based on the morphological and genetic data.

Genetic, cytogenetic and morphological diversity in Helicrysum leucocephalum (Asteraceae) populations

Biologia ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Narjes Azizi ◽  
Masoud Sheidai ◽  
Valeyollah Mozafarian ◽  
Zahra Noormohammadi
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Genetic Difference ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Mantel Test ◽  
Genetic Admixture ◽  
Geographical Distance ◽  
Gene Exchange ◽  
Medicinal Species ◽  
Local Populations ◽  
Wide Geographical Distribution

AbstractHelichrysum (family Asteraceae) is a large, heterogeneous and polyphyletic genus. Most of the Helichrysum species have ornamental and medicinal values. Helicrysum leucocephalum Boiss., has wide geographical distribution in Iran and forms several local populations. The present investigation was performed to study inter populations, genetic, cytogenetic and morphological diversity of this medicinal species. The AMOVA test showed significant genetic difference among the studied populations but the Mantel test did not show correlation between the genetic distance and geographical distance of these populations. STRUCTURE and reticulation analyses showed some degree of genetic admixture and gene exchange among the studied populations. These populations had different chromosome numbers and also differed significantly in the size of their chromosomes.

Genetic and morphological diversity in Cousinia tabrisiana (Asteraceae) populations

Biologia ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Abbas Minaeifar ◽  
Masoud Sheidai ◽  
Farideh Attar ◽  
Zahra Noormohammadi ◽  
Bahar Ghasemzadeh-Baraki
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Difference ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Mantel Test ◽  
Assignment Test ◽  
Distribution Area ◽  
Biological Challenge ◽  
Medicinal Value ◽  
Geographical Populations ◽  
Significant Morphological Difference ◽  
Points Of View

AbstractCousinia Cass. is one of the largest genuses in the Asteraceae. It contains 600 to 700 species in Southwest and Central Asia, in Iran with 270 species is the largest genus after Astragalus, Cousinia probably is unique in the degree of diversification of all its parts and definitely unique in the restricted distribution area of a high number of species. Some of Cousinia species have medicinal value. Perhaps the most important biological challenge today is the conservation of biodiversity. As human population increases, so does the need for natural resources and space for the growing population. In this investigation eighty-seven plant specimens of 8 geographical populations of Cousinia tabrisiana Bunge. were studied from morphological and genetic (ISSR) points of view. Both intra and inter-population morphological and genetic variability was observed in the studied populations. ANOVA and CVA tests revealed significant morphological difference among these populations. Similarly, AMOVA and Hickory tests revealed significant molecular difference among geographical populations. Mantel test produced significant positive correlation between genetic distance and geographical distance of the studied populations. Networking, STRUCTURE analysis and population assignment test revealed some degree of gene flow among these populations. LMFF test identified some of the ISSR loci to be correlated with environmental factors studied and consensus tree of morphological and genetic data identified divergent populations.

Comparison of algorithms to infer genetic population structure from unlinked molecular markers

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Peña-Malavera ◽  
Cecilia Bruno ◽  
Elmer Fernandez ◽  
Monica Balzarini
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Clustering Algorithms ◽  
Genetic Data ◽  
Genetic Population ◽  
Marker Data ◽  
Maize Genotypes

AbstractIdentifying population genetic structure (PGS) is crucial for breeding and conservation. Several clustering algorithms are available to identify the underlying PGS to be used with genetic data of maize genotypes. In this work, six methods to identify PGS from unlinked molecular marker data were compared using simulated and experimental data consisting of multilocus-biallelic genotypes. Datasets were delineated under different biological scenarios characterized by three levels of genetic divergence among populations (low, medium, and high

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