scholarly journals Chrysomyxa pirolata G. Wint in Rabenh: New parasitic fungus on the cones and seeds of spruce

2007 ◽  
pp. 45-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragan Karadzic
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Parasitic Fungus ◽  
Serbia And Montenegro ◽  
Spruce Forests ◽  
First Time

The new spruce disease known as "spruce cone rust" was discovered for the first time in Serbia and Montenegro. The fungus was detected in spruce forests only in the mountains regions (Kopaonik, Zlatar, Durmitor). This rust periodically damages the cones in localised forest areas and can be a serious problem. Usually seeds are not formed in diseased cones, and even when they are produced, malformation and resinosis of the cones hinder seed dispersal or extraction. Those seeds that are formed tend to weigh less and have poor germination. As this disease is a serious problem, care must be taken to prevent the spread of the disease to the new uninfected regions.

I. EUROPEAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS BIJELIC V MONTENEGRO AND SERBIA (APPLICATION NO 19890/05) JUDGMENT OF 11 JUNE 2009

2010 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 845-867 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin E Brockman-Hawe
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
The State ◽  
Serbia And Montenegro ◽  
European State ◽  
Emerging Trends ◽  
European Court ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
International Obligations ◽  
Unique Approach ◽  
First Time

What happens when a European State breaches its international obligations and then ceases to exist? Does its obligation to repair the harm caused by the breach devolve to a new state that occupies part of the territory of an old state? When will a new European State be held accountable for violations that took place before the entry into force of a human rights treaty? This comment examines the European Court of Human Rights' (hereinafter ‘the Court’ or ‘the ECtHR’) encounter with the law of state succession, specifically succession to treaty obligations and succession to responsibility for the wrongful acts of a predecessor state. In Bijelic v Montenegro and Serbia the Court held that Montenegro was to be automatically regarded as a party to the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (hereinafter ‘the Convention’), as well as Protocol No 1 thereto, from the date of its declaration of independence from the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro (hereinafter ‘the State Union’), and that Montenegro alone could be held responsible for violations of these instruments occurring in the territory of the State Union that began before March 2004 (the date of ratification of the Convention and Protocol 1 by the State Union) but continuing through 2009. Bijelic is not the first time the Court has been called upon to decide a question of succession to treaty obligations or responsibility, but the judgment is noteworthy for the unique approach the Court adopted to deciding both of these issues. This comment will place the decision in the larger context of Court practice with respect to both of the implicated succession issues, identify the aspects the Trial Chamber's analysis that distinguish it from its predecessors and discuss the decision of the Court in light of general and emerging trends in international law. In the process, this comment will provide a uniquely thorough examination of ECtHR practice with respect to succession to responsibility and identify the trends, to the extent that such trends exist, that characterize the Court's approach to this area of law.

scholarly journals The 2005 International Psychogeriatric Association (IPA) Research Awards in Psychogeriatrics

2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-2 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Ames
Keyword(s):  
The Elderly ◽  
Assistant Professor ◽  
Steering Committee ◽  
Serbia And Montenegro ◽  
Award Winning ◽  
The Face ◽  
History Of ◽  
President Elect ◽  
Terminal Degree ◽  
First Time

This issue of the journal sees the publication of the 3 papers placed first, second and third in the 2005 International Psychogeriatric Association (IPA) Research Awards in Psychogeriatrics. For the first time in the history of the awards (first presented in 1989 and awarded at each biennial IPA Congress thereafter), entries were limited to junior investigators within five years of the award of their terminal degree who were at no higher than Assistant Professor/Instructor level at the time of submission. The awards were judged by a panel of four comprising Bengt Winblad (panel chair and 12th IPA Congress chair), David Ames (editor International Psychogeriatrics), John O'Brien (deputy editor International Psychogeriatrics and 12th IPA Congress Scientific Steering Committee Chair) and Joel Sadavoy (then President elect of IPA). The field comprised 11 papers from nine countries (Canada, China (including the Special Administrative region of Hong Kong), Greece, Egypt, the Netherlands, Serbia and Montenegro, Spain, Uganda and the U.S.A.) and contained several papers which in a less competitive field would have been worthy recipients of an award. In addition to the three award winning papers, in an unprecedented decision the judges approved a special citation for a fourth submission entitled “Psychiatric disorders among the elderly on non-psychiatric wards in an African setting” by Noeline Nakasujja of Uganda for “Outstanding Research Endeavors undertaken in a previously un-researched field, in the face of unusual operational challenges.”

scholarly journals Allozyme pattern for new record of Craspedacusta sowerbii in Serbia

2004 ◽  
pp. 15-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasmina Ludoski ◽  
Vesna Milankov ◽  
Predrag Radisic
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Natural Population ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
New Record ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel ◽  
Serbia And Montenegro ◽  
Enzyme Loci ◽  
First Time

Cosmopolitan freshwater jellyfish Craspedacusta sowerbii L a n k e s t e r 1880 (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) was recorded for the first time in the lake Velika peskara near Zrenjanin (Serbia and Montenegro) in summer 1998. A natural population of C. sowerbii from the lake Velika peskara was analyzed for genetic variability at 9 enzyme loci (Gpi, Hk, Idh-1, Idh-2, Me, Mdh-1 Mdh-2, Pgm and Sod) by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. A zymogram indicated that population was monomorphic at all analyzed loci.

Behavioral manipulation of the spider Macrophyes pacoti (Araneae: Anyphaenidae) by the araneopathogenic fungus Gibellula sp. (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Italo Arruda ◽  
German Villanueva-Bonilla ◽  
Marcio Lopes Faustino ◽  
Jullyana Magalhaes Silva moura Sobczak ◽  
Jober Sobczak
Keyword(s):  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Parasitic Fungus ◽  
Rainfall Regime ◽  
Host Manipulation ◽  
Parasitism Rate ◽  
Behavioral Manipulation ◽  
Vertical Segregation ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Host Parasite ◽  
First Time

Host manipulation has already been documented in several distinct host-parasite associations, covering all major phyla of living organisms. While in animals we know that several species have the ability to manipulate their hosts for the benefit of the parasite, in arthropopathogenic fungi there is very little knowledge about possible behavioral manipulation. We report for the first time the interaction between the araneopathogenic fungus Gibellula sp. Cavara and the spider Macrophyes pacoti Brescovit, Oliveira, Sobczak & Sobczak, 2019 (Anyphaenidae) in addition to investigating the potential change in behavior of spiders infected by the parasitic fungus. We also investigated whether the rainfall regime influences the abundance of infected spiders and the parasitism rate by the araneopathogenic fungus. Our results corroborated our hypothesis that the fungus induces vertical segregation in the spider population, inducing infected spiders to be at higher heights than uninfected ones. Dead infected spiders were found in a stretched position that probably helps in fixing the carcass on the leaves by increasing the contact surface between the host and the substrate. Our results also confirm the positive relationship between the rainy season and the greater number of parasitic spiders and the parasitism rate.

scholarly journals Pyrrolizidine alkaloids from seven wild-growing Senecio species in Serbia and Montenegro

2009 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boris Mandic ◽  
Dejan Godjevac ◽  
Vladimir Beskoski ◽  
Milena Simic ◽  
Snezana Trifunovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
13C Nmr ◽  
Spectroscopic Data ◽  
Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids ◽  
1H And 13C Nmr ◽  
Serbia And Montenegro ◽  
The World ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Animal Exposure ◽  
First Time

The genus Senecio (family Asteraceae) is one of the largest in the world. It comprises about 1100 species which are the rich source of pyrrolizidine alkaloids. Plants containing pyrrolizidine alkaloids are among the most important sources of human and animal exposure to plant toxins and carcinogens. The pyrrolizidine alkaloids of seven Senecio species (S. erucifolius, S. othonnae, S. wagneri, S. subalpinus, S. carpathicus, S. paludosus and S. rupestris) were studied. Fourteen alkaloids were isolated and their structures determined from spectroscopic data (1H- and 13C-NMR, IR and MS). Five of them were identified in S. erucifolius, four in S. othonnae, two in S. wagneri, four in S. subalpinus, two in S. carpathicus, three in S. paludosus and three in S. rupestris. Seven pyrrolizidine alkaloids were found for the first time in particular species. The results have chemotaxonomic importance. The cytotoxic activity and antimicrobial activity of some alkaloids were also studied.

scholarly journals The genus Dixa (Diptera, Dixidae) in Croatian lotic habitats, with a checklist of species and relationships with the fauna of neighbouring countries

ZooKeys ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 867 ◽  
pp. 45-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marija Ivković ◽  
Lara Ivanković
Keyword(s):  
Species Traits ◽  
Species Assemblage ◽  
Serbia And Montenegro ◽  
Lotic Habitats ◽  
Specific Species ◽  
Data Collections ◽  
First Time ◽  
Time Information ◽  
Invertebrate Surveys

Invertebrate surveys in Croatia conducted between 2005 and 2018 included 39 sampling sites yielding bycatch samples of Dixidae (Diptera). All records of this family from the territory of Croatia are summarized, including previously unpublished data. Collections contained six species of Dixa Meigen – D.dilatata Strobl, D.maculata Meigen, D.nebulosa Meigen, D.nubilipennis Curtis, D.puberula Loew, and D.submaculata Edwards, with Dixadilatata reported from Croatia for the first time. Information relating to the ecoregions in which species were found and specific species traits are provided. Compared to neighbouring countries, the Croatian species assemblage is most similar to the fauna of Italy and least similar to that of Serbia and Montenegro.

scholarly journals Space-time permutation model applied to the past outbreak data of lumpy skin disease in the Balkan Peninsula from august 2015 to july 2017

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-55
Author(s):  
Zharko Stojmanovski
Keyword(s):  
Skin Disease ◽  
Balkan Peninsula ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Scan Statistic ◽  
Lumpy Skin Disease ◽  
Serbia And Montenegro ◽  
Disease Clusters ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
Permutation Model ◽  
First Time

Introduction: In August 2015, lumpy skin disease (LSD) was notified for the first time in mainland European Union when it was observed in cattle in Greece. From August 2015 to July 2017, 1,757 outbreaks were reported in cattle in Greece, Bulgaria, Macedonia, Albania, Serbia, and Montenegro. Materials and Methods: The Kulldorff space-time permutation scan statistic contained in the software package SaTScan v 9.4.4 was used to analyse the epizootic past outbreak data and describe the spread of the disease in the 24 months after the first notification. Results and Conclusions:: Seventy-six space-time disease clusters (62 significant and 14 non-significant) were identified. In 2015, 10 clusters with a monthly peak in October (n=5, 50%) were identified, in 2016, the most (n=57) clusters were detected with monthly peak in July (n=15, 26.3%), and up to July 2017, nine clusters with a monthly peak in May (n=3, 3.3%) were determined. Possible high-risk areas were identified using the presented methodology, and so this technique could guide national veterinary authorities to formulate strategies for mitigating the spread of LSD, allocating resources and for formulating epidemiological preparedness plans in neighbouring, LSD-negative, countries.

A new species of Solanum subg. Leptostemonum (Solanaceae) from the southern Espinhaço Range, Minas Gerais, Brazil

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 288 (3) ◽  
pp. 258 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARIA DE FÁTIMA AGRA ◽  
JOÃO RENATO STEHMANN
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Espinhaço Range ◽  
Dispersal Mechanism ◽  
First Time ◽  
A New Species

Solanum mellobarretoi, a new species of Solanum subg. Leptostemonum (Solanaceae), is described and illustrated. It is endemic to Brazil and restricted to the southern Espinhaço Range in the State of Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil. Solanum mellobarretoi is morphologically related to S. leptostachys Dunal, from which it differs by its irregularly lobed lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate leaves, irregularly lobed, ovate to lanceolate calyx lobes, larger flowers, and pentagonal rotate corolla with cuspidate lobes. Although known in other groups of Solanum, the explosive seed dispersal mechanism found in this species is described here for the first time for the spiny solanums. The affinities with S. leptostachys, geographic distribution, ecology and conservation status of S. mellobarretoi are discussed.

scholarly journals Parasitic and saprophytic fungi occurring in connection with Sphaeropsis sapinea Dyko & Sutton

2004 ◽  
pp. 119-128
Author(s):  
Tanja Milijasevic ◽  
Dragan Karadzic
Keyword(s):  
Pine Needles ◽  
Parasitic Fungus ◽  
Saprophytic Fungi ◽  
Serbia And Montenegro ◽  
Sphaeropsis Sapinea

The study of epidemiology and significance of the parasitic fungus Sphaeropsis sapinea in Serbia and Montenegro shows that some parasitic and saprophytic fungi occur in connection with this pathogen. Among the 13 identified species, the most frequent are Truncatella hartigi and Cenangium accum. Dothistroma septospora is a fungus with the most expressed pathogenic properties among those that colonize Austrian pine needles. A new data is that the above two fungi can occur also on the needles of the same current-year shoots, i.e. that D. septospora can be in succession with S. sapinea when it colonizes the needles on the shoots which were previously infected by S. sapinea. The remaining identified species occurred individually and they are the weak parasites or the saprophytes.

scholarly journals Primer registro de la dispersión de frutos de Theobroma speciosum

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (168) ◽  
pp. 518-520
Author(s):  
Lucinéia Barbosa ◽  
Isadora ◽  
Emil Hernández Ruz
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Sapajus Apella ◽  
First Time

Numerous Amazonian species that produce economically useful fruits have been intensively exploited, which is why wild populations were drastically reduced. Theobroma speciosum is an important species for humans and wildlife because it provides fruits for rodents and primates. This plant species is also of great economical potential because it can serve as a source of genetic variation for related species that are economically exploited as T. cacao. Here we report for the first time the seed dispersal by Sapajus apella, Mico argentatus, and Guerlinguetus aestuans. The information is useful to develop conservation strategies for this wild cocoa in remnant fragments of the forests of the eastern Amazon.

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