scholarly journals Influence of rhizome mass on the crop establishment and dry matter yield of Miscanthus×giganteus over ten seasons

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-35
Author(s):  
Zeljko Dzeletovic ◽  
Gordana Andrejic ◽  
Aleksandar Simic ◽  
Hakan Geren
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Miscanthus Giganteus ◽  
Medium Mass ◽  
Biomass Yields ◽  
Low Mass ◽  
Number Of Stems ◽  
High Yields

The aim of the present investigation was to assess the influence of rhizome mass on the success of plantation establishment and biomass yield of the bioenergy crop M. ? giganteus during 10 years of cultivation. The experiment included three treatments with different rhizome masses: 10-20 g (very low); 25- 35 g (low), and 40-60 g (medium mass). Planting density was 2 rhizomes m-2. The plants were harvested by mowing of the whole above-ground biomass each year in February. Out of the total number of planted rhizomes, the lowest emergence was noticed in very low mass rhizomes. In the first season, the greatest number of stems and crop height were encountered under the treatment with the highest rhizome mass. In the second season, crop heights were almost equal in all treatments. During the first two seasons, the highest biomass yields were recorded under the treatments with the highest rhizome masses. Although the analyzed parameters were highest with the rhizomes of 40-60g during the crop establishing stage, starting from the third season of cultivation, high yields of above-ground biomass may be obtained also with lower mass rhizomes. Having the highest biomass yield (25.85?7.36 Mg DM ha-1), the crop established with rhizomes of 25-35 g clearly stood out.

scholarly journals Above-Ground Biomass Yields at Different Densities of Honey Mesquite

1997 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 550 ◽  
Author(s):  
John D. Laxson ◽  
Walter H. Schacht ◽  
M. Keith Owens
Keyword(s):  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Biomass Yields ◽  
Honey Mesquite

scholarly journals Opposite effects of nutrient enrichment and herbivory by an alien snail on growth of an invasive macrophyte and native macrophytes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yimin Yan ◽  
Ayub M.O. Oduor ◽  
Feng Li ◽  
Yonghong Xie ◽  
Yanjie Liu
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Enrichment ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Pomacea Canaliculata ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Aquatic Habitats ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Invasive Spread ◽  
The Impact

Human-mediated introduction of plant and animal species into biogeographic ranges where they did not occur before has been so pervasive globally that many ecosystems are now co-invaded by multiple alien plant and animal species. Although empirical evidence of invaders modifying recipient ecosystems to the benefit of other aliens is accumulating, these interactions remain underexplored and underrepresented in heuristic models of invasion success. Many freshwater ecosystems are co-invaded by aquatic macrophytes and mollusks and at the same time experience nutrient enrichment from various sources. However, studies are lacking that test how nutrient enrichment and co-invasion by alien herbivores and plant species can interactively affect native plant communities in aquatic habitats. To test such effects, we performed a freshwater mesocosm experiment in which we grew a synthetic native macrophyte community of three species under two levels of nutrient enrichment (enrichment vs. no-enrichment) treatment and fully crossed with two levels of competition from an invasive macrophyte Myriophyllum aquaticum (competition vs. no-competition), and two levels of herbivory by an invasive snail Pomacea canaliculata (herbivory vs. no-herbivory) treatments. Results show that herbivory by the invasive snail enhanced above-ground biomass yield of the invasive macrophyte. Moreover, the invasive herbivore preferentially fed on biomass of the native macrophytes over that of the invasive macrophyte. However, nutrient enrichment reduced above-ground biomass yield of the invasive macrophyte. Our results suggest that eutrophication of aquatic habitats that are already invaded by M. aquaticum may slow down invasive spread of the invasive macrophyte. However, herbivory by the invasive snail P. canaliculata may enhance invasive spread of M. aquaticum in the same habitats. Broadly, our study underscores the significance of considering several factors and their interaction when assessing the impact of invasive species, especially considering that many habitats experience co-invasion by plants and herbivores and simultaneously undergo varous other disturbances including nutrient enrichment.

scholarly journals Planting density impact on weed infestation and the yield of Miscanthus grown on two soil types  

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 384-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Maksimović ◽  
R. Pivić ◽  
A. Stanojković-Sebić ◽  
M. Vučić-Kišgeci ◽  
B. Kresović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
First Year ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Miscanthus Giganteus ◽  
Weed Infestation ◽  
Commercial Yield ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Commercial Harvesting

The assessment of the weed infestation effect on biomass yield of Miscanthus × giganteus in the first year of its commercial yield was conducted on two types of soil with different productive ability – Luvic Chernozem and Calcic Gleysol. The formed mass of weeds was higher on Luvic Chernozem and the infestation had grown according to the stages of Miscanthus growth. The biomass of weeds depended on the planting density of Miscanthus as well as on the weather conditions during the studied years. Weed infestation of crops very significantly influenced the formation of aboveground biomass of Miscanthus, so that the yields in the first year of commercial harvesting in the control where the weeds were removed manually were significantly higher compared to the crops in which weeds were not removed. The obtained results showed that weeds significantly affect the initial growth and development of Miscanthus plants that are, in general, slow, especially in the year of the crop establishment. The study evaluates the impact of a manual method of suppression and weed infestation of crops on the commercial yield of Miscanthus.  

scholarly journals Performance of Three Sorghum Cultivars under Excessive Rainfall and Waterlogged Conditions in the Sudano-Sahelian Zone of West Africa: A Case Study at the Climate-Smart Village of Cinzana in Mali

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2655
Author(s):  
Manuel Müller ◽  
Siaka Dembélé ◽  
Robert Zougmoré ◽  
Thomas Gaiser ◽  
Samuel Partey
Keyword(s):  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Local Cultivar ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
Recent Climate ◽  
Biomass Yields ◽  
Precipitation Variation ◽  
Seasonal Droughts ◽  
Hybrid Cultivar ◽  
Increasing Precipitation

Recent climate analyses show trends for increasing precipitation variability with increasing precipitation sums in Mali. The increasing occurrence of temporary intra-seasonal droughts and waterlogging longer than a week demands climate-smart solutions. Research has focused on water deficits since the 1980s. However, besides droughts, waterlogging can restrict productivity of sensitive cash and staple crops as cotton and corn. The year 2019 offered the historically unique opportunity to monitor waterlogging effects with 1088 mm precipitation in the rural commune Cinzanawith an isohyet of 681 mm. Impacts of two extreme downpours on three sorghum cultivars were monitored in a farmers-field experiment with three replications. All sorghum cultivars performed well in 2019 with significantly higher grain and above ground biomass yields than in the reference year 2007, with well distributed rainfall in Cinzana. “Jakumbè” (CSM63E) produced significantly higher grain yields than the hybrid cultivar “PR3009B” bred for high harvest index. The local cultivar “Gnofing” selected by local farmers produced significantly higher above ground biomass. All cultivars tolerated without severe stress symptoms 20 days waterlogging and 72 h inundation. Further waterlogging resilience research of other crops and other sorghum cultivars is needed to strengthen food security in Mali with expected increasing precipitation variation in the future.

scholarly journals REACTION OF THE SPRING RAPE OF ACCORD VARIETY TO SOWING RECEPTIONS

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 80-82
Author(s):  
Ильдус Фатыхов ◽  
Ildus Fatykhov ◽  
Евгений Хакимов ◽  
Evgeniy Hakimov ◽  
Эльмира Вафина ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Maximum Productivity ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Spring Rape

The article presents the results of the study on the reaction of spring rape by the formation of aboveground biomass yield on the sowing methods are given. It was revealed that, with ordinary and wide-row seeding methods, the maximum productivity of 3.09 tons per hectare and 3.05 tons per hectare, respectively, ensured the seeding rate of 3 million pieces of virgin seeds per 1 hectare. The increase in the productivity of the above-ground biomass is due to the density of standing of plants for harvesting, the mass of one plant, the lining and collection of dry matter.

scholarly journals Influences of nitrogen fertilization and climate regime on the above-ground biomass yields of miscanthus and switchgrass: A meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 108 ◽  
pp. 303-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huaihai Chen ◽  
Zhongmin Dai ◽  
Henriette I. Jager ◽  
Stan D. Wullschleger ◽  
Jianming Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Climate Regime ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Biomass Yields

Effect of Organic Manures, Azotobacter and Spacing on Yield of Solanum nigrum L.

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 133-137
Author(s):  
Ashwani Kumar ◽  
Kulwant Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Root Biomass ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Solanum Nigrum ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Organic Manures ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Yield Parameters ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Solanum Nigrum L ◽  
The Impact

The present investigation on effect of organic manures, Azotobacter and spacing on yield of Solanum nigrum L. was carried out. Seven different treatments with three spacings were studied to observe the impact of these treatments on yield parameters. Overall, treatment of Vermicompost + Azotobacter combination at S3 (45x45 cm) spacing gave maximum seed yield/plant, fresh above ground biomass per plant, fresh root biomass per plant, dry above ground biomass per plant, dry root biomass per plant as compared to other treatments at different spacings. Maximum value for yield parameters viz. total fresh biomass yield and total dry biomass yield/ha were recorded in treatment of Vermicompost + Azotobacter combination at with 30 x 30 cm spacing. The yield decreased with the further increase in spacing.

scholarly journals Short-Term Nitrogen Uptake of Barley from Differently Processed Biogas Digestate in Pot Experiments

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Maurer ◽  
Julia Seiler-Petzold ◽  
Rudolf Schulz ◽  
Joachim Müller
Keyword(s):  
Solid Fraction ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
N Removal ◽  
Biogas Digestate ◽  
Biogas Plants ◽  
Fertilization Level

The use of biogas digestate as fertilizer is limited by the farm nutrient balance. Mechanical separation and drying of digestate increases its transport worthiness as well as the economic feasibility of nutrient export. This study compares the fertilizer effect of four treatments of digestate originating from two biogas plants: untreated digestate, liquid and solid fraction of separated digestate and dried solid fraction of separated digestate. Pot experiments with barley were performed with two fertilization levels for different digestate variants. Above-ground biomass yield, nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) content in biomass and plant uptake efficiency were highlighted. The results showed that all variants have higher above-ground biomass yield than the control. Due to the reduced amount of easily available N, short-term N uptake of barley from solid fractions of digestate was low. The treatments with the dried solid fraction at low fertilization level showed up to 59% lower N removal from soil and, at high fertilization level, up to 83% lower N removal compared to the respective fresh solid fraction (100%). Depending on the feedstock of biogas plants and processing of digestate, N availability varied and influenced the short-term N uptake. It is recommended that digestate processing should be combined with ammonia recovery to prevent N losses to the environment.

scholarly journals The Effects of Potassium Fertilization and Irrigation on the Yield and Health Status of Jerusalem Artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.)

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bożena Bogucka ◽  
Agnieszka Pszczółkowska ◽  
Adam Okorski ◽  
Krzysztof Jankowski
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Jerusalem Artichoke ◽  
Helianthus Tuberosus ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Potassium Fertilizer ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Biomass Yields ◽  
Fusarium Fungi

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of potassium fertilization (applied to soil at 150, 250, and 350 kg K2O ha−1) and irrigation on the yield (fresh matter yield and dry matter yield of above-ground biomass and tubers) and the health status of tubers and leaves of three Jerusalem artichoke—JA (Helianthus tuberosus L.) cultivars (Topstar, Violette de Rennes, Waldspindel). The Topstar cultivar was characterized by the highest total tuber yield (60.53 Mg FM ha−1) and the highest above-ground biomass yield (65.74 Mg FM ha−1). An increase in the rate of potassium fertilizer to 350 kg K2O ha−1 did not affect total tuber yields. The greatest increase in above-ground biomass yields was observed in response to the potassium fertilizer rate of 150 kg K2O ha −1 (64.40 Mg FM ha−1). Irrigation increased tuber yields by 59% and above-ground biomass yields by 42% on average. Phytopathological analyses revealed that JA leaves were most frequently colonized by fungi of the genera Alternaria, Fusarium, and Epicoccum. Alternaria and Fusarium fungi were more prevalent in non-irrigated than in irrigated plots. A higher number of fungal pathogens was isolated from the leaves of cv. Violette de Rennes grown in a non-irrigated plot fertilized with 250 kg K2O ha−1. Tubers were most heavily colonized by fungi of the genera Penicillium, Fusarium, Alternaria, Botrytis, and Rhizopus. Fungal species of the genus Fusarium were isolated from tubers in all irrigated treatments, and they were less frequently identified in non-irrigated plots. Only the tubers of cv. Topstar grown in non-irrigated plots and supplied with 150 kg K2O ha−1 were free of Fusarium fungi. The number of cultures of pathogenic species isolated from Jerusalem artichoke tubers had a minor negative impact on fresh and dry matter yield.

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