scholarly journals Extra radiation dose of lungs in male examinees during cardiac computed tomography

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 350-357
Author(s):  
Sung-Yi Tsai ◽  
Hsien-Chun Tseng ◽  
Zhipeng Ruan ◽  
Zumei Xu ◽  
Yonggui Liao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cardiac Computed Tomography ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
The Body ◽  
Thermoluminescent Dosimeters ◽  
Tissue Equivalent ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Scanning Region

The use of multi-detector row computed tomography in cardiac examinations is increasing globally. Several hospitals are yet to establish a practical method for evaluating the extra scattering dose in the lungs (Dlung) of male examinees with different body-weights undergoing cardiac computed tomography. To measure the dose in each slice of a lung (Dlung,i), thermoluminescent dosimeters are inserted into Rando and tissue-equivalent phantoms made of polymethylmethacrylate and derived from ICRU 48 with masses from 10 to 90 kg. Dlung was evaluated by weighing the scanned volume of each slice. A practical method for determining Dlung involves 64-slice computed tomography scans using a Philips Brilliance computed tomography at 120 kV and 200 mAs, with a thickness of 1.0 mm. Dlung,i increased with distance from the scanning region. This experiment yielded Dlung values from 12.1 ? 2.1 mSv (90 kg) to 23.0 ? 3.8 mSv (10 kg). Finally, a simple equation can be used to derive the relationship between Dlung and the body-weights of a male examinee. Experimental results are compared with others in the literature.

scholarly journals ETHNIC DIFFERENCES IN LIVER FAT ON CARDIAC COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY SCANS: THE MULTIETHNIC STUDY OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS

2012 ◽  
Vol 59 (13) ◽  
pp. E1346
Author(s):  
Rajesh Tota-Maharaj ◽  
Matthew J. Budoff ◽  
Michael J. Blaha ◽  
Irfan Zeb ◽  
Ronit Katz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Ethnic Differences ◽  
Cardiac Computed Tomography ◽  
Liver Fat ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans

scholarly journals PO 18235 - New tomographic method for measuring metatarsal rotation in hallux valgus

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (Supl 1) ◽  
pp. 52S
Author(s):  
Bruno Rodrigues de Miranda ◽  
Rui Dos Santos Barroco ◽  
Leticia Zaccaria Prates de Oliveira ◽  
Mahmoud Beerens Abdul Ghani Abdul Ghani ◽  
Antonio Candido de Paula Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Hallux Valgus ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Alpha Angle ◽  
Metatarsal Bone ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
First Metatarsal ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans ◽  
Tomographic Method ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: Hallux valgus is a 3-dimensional deformity involving an increased intermetatarsal I/II angle and a rotational deformity of the first metatarsal bone. Kim et al. developed a method for measuring the tibial sesamoid position relative to the coronal rotation of the first metatarsal bone in computed tomography scans under simulated weight-bearing conditions. Objective: To describe a method for the topographic assessment of the correction of tibial sesamoid and metatarsal pronation using computed tomography scans under simulated weight-bearing and active toe extension. Method: We performed computed tomography under simulated weight-bearing conditions with and without active toe dorsiflexion, observing the degree of metatarsal pronation and sesamoid subluxation. For measurement purposes, we used the classifications of Kim et al. and Smith et al. Results: We observed tomographic correction, both angular and rotational, by measuring the intermetatarsal angle and tibial sesamoid position, which were confirmed by the change in the alpha angle suggested by Kim et al. Discussion: Toe extension was described as a peroneus longus tendon activation test by Klemola et al., who used this maneuver to demonstrate clinical rotational correction of hallux valgus. We described the use of a tomographic technique that followed this principle to preoperatively observe the underlying factors that may affect the rotational correction of the deformity. Conclusion: The method has the capacity for correction in various planes involving derotation of the first metatarsal bone and the relationship between such derotation and the change in sesamoid position in relation to the coronal plane of the foot.

scholarly journals Effect of Body Condition Score at Calving on Postpartum Performance of Murrah Buffaloes

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anitha Alapati ◽  
Sarjan Rao Kapa ◽  
Suresh Jeepalyam
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
The Body ◽  
Murrah Buffaloes ◽  
Fat Reserves ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Postpartum Performance ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Body condition score (BCS) system is a subjective method to assess the body fat reserves particularly over the bony prominences like back and pelvic region. It is based on evaluation of the outer appearance of the animal that interacts with its body fat reserves and therefore is directly influenced by energy balance. Studies on the relationship between BCS and postpartum performance were meager in buffaloes. Hence, the present work was carried out to study the relationship between BCS at calving and postpartum performance in Murrah buffaloes. Methods: The effect of body condition score at calving (BCSc) on the postpartum performance was studied in 24 Murrah buffaloes grouped based on BCS, maintained at Buffalo Research Station during 2018-19. Result: The study showed that buffaloes of BCSc above 3.5 with significantly (P less than 0.01) higher body weights showed better reproductive performance compared to buffaloes of BCSc groups below 3.5 with less body weights. The prepartum and weekly postpartum changes in BCS studied showed that the buffaloes gained a BCS of 0.57 from 3 months prepartum to one week prepartum, lost 0.17 BCS due to calving, further showed a decline in BCS up to 9 weeks of postpartum and then started regaining BCS gradually until 18 weeks postpartum. The mean LBCS over the period of 18 weeks postpartum was comparatively higher (0.75±0.05) than BCS restored in the early lactation which was shown as GBCS (0.34±0.02). Buffaloes of BCSc group 3.5-3.99 showed the best reproduction performance among the four BCSc groups with less postpartum estrus period (46.66 days), service period (58.83 days), number of service per conception (1.50) and high rate of 1st service conception (66.66%).

Cardiac investigations

2020 ◽  
pp. 79-90
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cardiac Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Cardiac Disease ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Exercise Tolerance ◽  
Cardiac Computed Tomography ◽  
Ambulatory Monitoring ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans ◽  
To Come ◽  
Noninvasive Tests

There are numerous invasive and noninvasive tests used in the diagnosis of cardiac disease. Most of the tests are performed by specialist operators in suitably equipped laboratories. However, it is useful for nurses working with patients with suspected or diagnosed cardiac disease to have a broad understanding of the main diagnostic tests available. This chapter outlines the main tests that cardiac nurses are likely to come across including exercise tolerance tests, ambulatory monitoring, tilt tests, echocardiography, nuclear and cardiac magnetic resonance scans, and cardiac computed tomography scans.

scholarly journals The Relationship of High Septal Deviation, the Depth of Olfactory Fossa, and Gera Angle: Is High Septal Deviation Associated With Any Anatomic Abnormalities in the Anterior Skull Base?

2020 ◽  
pp. 014556132092640
Author(s):  
Zeynep Onerci Altunay ◽  
T. Metin Onerci
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Skull Base ◽  
Anterior Skull Base ◽  
Septal Deviation ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: To investigate the association of high septal deviation with the olfactory fossa depth and Gera angle. Methods: Fifty-four computed tomography scans of patients with high septal deviation were evaluated. The olfactory fossa depth and Gera angle were measured. The values of the deviated and nondeviated sides were compared. Results: No association between high septal deviation and the olfactory fossa depth and Gera angle was found. Conclusion: High septal deviation does not affect the olfactory fossa depth and Gera angle. In other words, the olfactory fossa depth and Gera angle have no association with the high septal deviation.

scholarly journals Radiation doses with various body weights of phantoms in brain 128-slice MDCT examination

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 466-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hung-Chih Lin ◽  
Te-Jen Lai ◽  
Hsien-Chun Tseng ◽  
Ching-Hsiang Wang ◽  
Yen-Ling Tseng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
External Auditory Meatus ◽  
Weighting Factor ◽  
Parietal Bone ◽  
Dose Length Product ◽  
Thermoluminescent Dosimeters ◽  
The Public ◽  
Tissue Equivalent ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Anthropomorphic Phantoms ◽  
Unnecessary Radiation

AbstractThe effective dose (HE) and organ or tissue equivalent dose (HT) for use in brain computed tomography (CT) examinations with various body weights were evaluated. Thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD-100H) were inserted into Rando and five anthropomorphic phantoms. These phantoms were made of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), according to the specifications of ICRU 48, with masses from 10 to 90 kg. Brain CT examinations were conducted, scanning the maxillae from the external auditory meatus to the parietal bone using a 128-slice multi-detector CT (MDCT) scanner. To reduce errors, three independent trials were conducted. Calculated HE,TLD, based on the weighting factor recommended by ICRP 103, was 1.72 ± 0.28 mSv, which slightly exceeds the HE,DLP of 1.70 mSv, that was calculated from the dose–length product (DLP) of the Rando phantom. This experiment yielded HE,TLD values of ICRP 103 from the highest 1.85 ± 0.28 (90 kg) to the lowest 1.47 ± 0.22 (10 kg) mSv. HE,TLD (mSv) = 5.45×10−3 W(kg) + 1.361, with an R2 of 0.87667. Using the DLP protocol, HE,DLP was estimated from CTDIvol that was recorded directly from the console display of the CT unit and multiplied by the conversion coefficient (k) recommended by the ICRP 103. Finally, the experimental results obtained herein are compared with those in the literature. Physicians should choose and adjust protocols to prevent the exposure of patients to unnecessary radiation, satisfying the as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA) principle. These findings will be valuable to patients, physicians, radiologists and the public.

Comparative nitrogen digestibility in Brahman, Brahman × Shorthorn, Africander × Hereford, and Hereford Steers

1962 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. C. Ashton
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Nitrogen Metabolism ◽  
The Body ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Natural Pasture ◽  
Breed Difference ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Faecal Nitrogen ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

1. Eight nitrogen metabolism experiments, each with sixteen steers representing grade Brahman, Brahman x Shorthorn, Africander x Hereford and Herefords, were carried out. The steers were fed according to body weight to the power 0·73, on rations consisting of natural pasture hay alone or in combination with lucerne hay.2. These experiments showed that the steers with zebu blood were significantly superior to the Herefords with regard to dry-matter digestibility and apparent nitrogen digestibility. The breed difference disappeared when nitrogen digestibility was calculated from the relationship feed nitrogen minus undigested faecal residue nitrogen, divided by feed nitrogen.3. Two further nitrogen metabolism experiments with six Africander x Hereford and four Hereford steers fed natural pasture hay plus lucerne hay, and one experiment with two Brahman x Shorthorn, two Africander x Hereford and two Hereford steers fed chaffed wheat straw were carried out. The steers were fed an equal amount of ration, irrespective of body weight.4. In these three experiments faecal nitrogen was fractionated into undigested residue nitrogen, non-dialysable centrifugable nitrogen, non-dialysable non-centrifugable nitrogen, and dialysable nitrogen. The breed groups differed significantly in the amount of dialysable faecal nitrogen excreted but not in any other component.5. The amount of dialysable faecal nitrogen excreted on equal intake was very significantly negatively correlated with body weight (r = −0·807, P < 0·01).6. It was found that in two experiments the mean difference between Africander x Herefords and Hereford steers, mean body weights 863 and 686 lb., respectively, was 1·81 ± 0·51 g. nitrogen per day. It was calculated that this would represent about 70 ± 20% of the body-weight difference between the breeds if the lost nitrogen was fully utilizable. This agreed well with the estimate of 65% derived from the square of the correlation coefficient.

scholarly journals Sinonasal Inverted Papilloma: Evaluating the Effectiveness of Prediction of the Site of Attachment based on Computed Tomography Scans

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-86
Author(s):  
Anna Salwa
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Paranasal Sinuses ◽  
Inverted Papilloma ◽  
Pathophysiological Mechanism ◽  
Sinonasal Inverted Papilloma ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans ◽  
Preoperative Ct ◽  
Primary Location ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACT Sinonasal inverted papilloma is a benign neoplasm of epithelial origin, which represents 0.5 to 4% of all sinonasal tumors. Despite the histological benign nature of this type of tumor, it has a high rate of recurrence after surgical resection and significant malignant potential. Sinonasal inverted papilloma is treated as a locally aggressive tumor. The aggressive surgical approaches, such as en bloc resection via external excision or extensive mucosal stripping of the ipsilateral sinuses are replaced by less invasive intranasal endoscopic approaches. This creates a need for a very accurate preoperative assessment of the location of the tumor on computed tomography (CT) scan and identifies the location of the primary changes. Determination of the primary location of inverted papilloma is especially important for a radical resection of the tumor, because the tumor recurs mostly in the same location as the primary lesion. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between changes in the preoperative CT scan of the paranasal sinuses and the location of papilloma by histological examination of surgical material. In this study, we evaluated the changes in the preoperative CT scans in the form of focal hyperostosis and erosion of the walls of the paranasal sinuses. Examined groups consisted of 12 people diagnosed with inverted papilloma and 15 peoples diagnosed with preinverted papilloma. Focal hyperostosis occurred in 83% of cases of inverted papilloma. Their location corresponded to 90% of the primal attachment of the tumor. Among the preinverted papillomas, focal hyperostosis occurred in less than 7% of the cases and did not correspond to the location of papilloma inverted. The analysis of remodeling and erosion of bone walls of the sinuses showed their presence in 67% of cases of inverted papilloma and 40% of cases of preinverted papilloma. However, their overlap with the location of the tumor was 50% for the inverted papilloma and 33% for the preinverted papilloma. Erosion and sinus bone destruction do not coincide closely with the primary location of the papilloma, because it is more the result of bone compression by the growing mass than bone invasion. The sites of focal hyperostosis closely coincide with the place of origin of the inverted papilloma, but the pathophysiological mechanism of this phenomenon is not fully understood. The relationship between the sites of focal hyperostosis and the location of the primary tumor can be used when planning surgery for accurate resection. How to cite this article Salwa A. Sinonasal Inverted Papilloma: Evaluating the Effectiveness of Prediction of the Site of Attachment based on Computed Tomography Scans. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2016;9(2):84-86.

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