scholarly journals Analysis of specific radionuclides activity variations in soil within geotectonic units of Republic of North Macedonia

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zdenka Stojanovska ◽  
Blazo Boev ◽  
Peter Bossew ◽  
Mimoza Ristova ◽  
Gorgi Dimov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Baseline Values ◽  
Dry Soil ◽  
Specific Activities ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Terrestrial Radionuclides ◽  
Font Color

To establish baseline values for concentrations of terrestrial radionuclides for the Republic of North Macedonia, a survey covering the entire territory was performed. The 213 soil samples were collected from regions around the major settlements and cities, approximately evenly distributed over the geotectonic units which constitute the country's geological foundation. The specific activities of radionuclides were measured by gamma spectrometry. The following geometric mean values and geometric standard deviations were obtained: 550 Bqkg?1 (1.47) for 40K, 37 Bqkg?1 (1.53) for 226Ra, 38 Bqkg?1 for 238U, and 38 Bqkg?1 (1.53) for 232Th in dry soil. The relation between specific activities of natural radionuclides and geology was investigated. Correlation between radionuclides, which may serve as additional geochemical indicators, and geology could not be found convincingly. Mutual correlations between 226Ra, 238U, and 232Th activities were found to be high (Spearman ? about 0.8), whereas the ones between these and 40K are a bit lower, somewhat above ?= 0.6. <br><br><font color="red"><b> This article has been corrected. Link to the correction <u><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/NTRP1902209E">10.2298/NTRP1902209E</a><u></b></font>

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF RADIOACTIVITY IN THE PHOSPHOGYPSUM STOCKPILE OF “HIV” VELES, THE REPUBLIC OF NORTH MACEDONIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitko Janchev ◽  
Ivan Boev ◽  
Zdenka Stojanovska ◽  
Blazo Boev
Keyword(s):  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Radiation Risk ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Gross Alpha ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Specific Activities ◽  
The Republic ◽  
High Concentrations

The production of phosphoric acid from natural phosphate ore generates an industrial waste product named phosphogypsum. Phosphogypsum contains considerable amounts of natural radionuclides from the 238U chain, originating from the ore but enriched during the technological process. In order to perform radiological characterization of the “HIV” (Chemical Industry Veles) phosphogypsum stockpile, five phosphogypsum samples were collected and analyzed. The mean values of gross alpha and beta specific activities ± standard deviation values were: (950±104) Bq/kg and (1694±220) Bq/kg, respectively. Further analysis showed increased gross activities of radionuclides of the 238U chain, while the radionuclides of the 232Th chain and 40K were below the detection limit. The mean values of the specific activities of 238U and 226Ra were (360±55) Bq/kg and (280±84) Bq/kg, respectively. The estimated annual outdoor effective dose, at 1m received by adults was 0.25 mSv/y, which is below a dose limit of 1 mSv/y for members of general public. The results obtained in this study show that radionuclides, although present in relatively high concentrations in the phosphogypsum pile, do not imply an increased external radiation risk for members of the population. The possible use of phosphogypsum in civil construction and agriculture may not be excluded if conditions of prior good planning taking into account the radionuclides activities exist.

scholarly journals Measurements of natural radioactivity in soil samples collected in the Kampinoski National Park

2019 ◽  
Vol 100 ◽  
pp. 00052
Author(s):  
Aneta Łukaszek-Chmielewska ◽  
Martin Girard ◽  
Olga Stawarz ◽  
Barbara Piotrowska ◽  
Karol Wojtkowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Radioactivity ◽  
National Park ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Germanium Detector ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Radiation Hazard ◽  
Absorbed Dose Rate ◽  
Radium Equivalent Activity ◽  
Mean Values

In this article are presented the results of measurements of natural radioactivity in twelve soil samples from the Kampinoski National Park by using high purity germanium detector (HPGe). The average values of the natural radionuclides 40K, 226Ra and 228Ac concentrations in the soil samples are 8.54, 6.65 and 206 Bq/kg respectively. Additionally radiation hazard indices were calculated to evaluate the radiological risk for the public and environment. The results show that the mean values of radium equivalent activity (Raeq) and gamma absorbed dose rate (D) in the air, outdoor annual effective dose equivalent (Eout), and representative level index (Iγ) for analyzed samples were lower than the limit recommended by the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effect of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR). This study is the first to evaluate the radiological impacts in the investigation area.

Specific Activity and Radioactive Contour Map of Anthropogenic Radionuclide (137Cs) in Surface Soil Samples from Chumphon Province, Thailand

2013 ◽  
Vol 770 ◽  
pp. 108-111
Author(s):  
Sutthinee Chauymanee ◽  
Prasong Kessaratikoon ◽  
Ruthairat Boonkrongcheep ◽  
Supphawut Benjakul ◽  
Udorn Youngchauy
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
The South ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Anthropogenic Radionuclide ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Contour Maps ◽  
Specific Activities

Specific activities of anthropogenic radionuclide (137Cs) were studied and determined in 132 surface soil samples collected from 8 districts in Chumphon province in the south of Thailand. A high resolution high-purity germanium (HPGe) detector with a massive lead shield and gamma spectrometry analysis system were employed to measure the gamma ray energy spectra from the samples. The specific activity of 137Cs in all of surface soil samples were analyzed by using the IAEA/SL-2 radioactive standard source. It was found that the specific activities of 137Cs ranged from < 0.33 4.43 Bq/kg with mean values of 2.30 ± 1.38 Bq/kg. The experimental results were also compared with research data in the south of Thailand (2009 2012), Office of Atoms for Peace (OAP) annual report data and global radioactivity measurement and evaluations. The data can be also used to create the radioactive contour maps of the investigated area.

scholarly journals Natural radioactivity in the soil of Thoulakhom district in Vientiane province, Laos

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 119-125
Author(s):  
Sonexay Xayheungsy ◽  
Khiem Hong Le
Keyword(s):  
Activity Concentration ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Radiation Hazard ◽  
Gamma Spectrometer ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Activity Concentrations ◽  
The Mean

Results of the first investigation of the activity concentration of the surface soil samples collected at various locations of Thoulakhom district of Vientiane province of Laos People's Democratic Republic (PDR) are presented in this work. The activity concentration of the natural radionuclides 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in the soil samples were determined by gamma spectrometer using a highenergy resolution semiconductor detector HPGe. The activity concentrations of the natural radionuclides were in the range from 11.28 to 31.46 with the mean of 21.76 Bq.kg-1 for 226Ra, from 7.13 to 44.47 with the mean of 21.85 Bq.kg-1 for 232Th and from 8.96 to 581.52 with the mean of 112.89 Bq.kg-1 for 40K. These mean values of the activity concentration were lower than the average worldwide ones, which were 33, 45 and 420 Bq.kg-1 for 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K, respectively. The results indicate dthat the radiation hazard from natural 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K radionuclides in all investigated soil samples taken from area under investigation in this work was not significant.

scholarly journals About development of control levels of specific total alpha-activity in water samples for a number of sources of the centralized economic and drinking water supply in the Republic of Khakassia

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2(св)) ◽  
pp. 121-128
Author(s):  
A. A. Pivovarov ◽  
E. A. Pivovarova ◽  
V. E. Kurganov
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Radiation Safety ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Alpha Activity ◽  
Drinking Water Supply ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Specific Activities ◽  
The Republic

The aim of the work is to develop control levels of specific total alpha-activity of water samples for a number of sources of centralized drinking water supply in the Republic of Khakassia on the basis of the results of long-term laboratory studies. Materials and methods. The analysis is carried out on the basis of the results of laboratory studies of water sources of centralized drinking water supply of the population of the Republic of Khakassia, performed by accredited testing laboratories of institutions of the state sanitary and epidemiological service of the Republic for the period from 2001 to 2018, using alpha-beta radiometric, alpha-spectrometric methods with radiochemical preparation of counting samples, gamma-spectrometric method. The control levels of specific total alpha-activity of water samples from the sources of centralized drinking water supply in the Republic of Khakassia were established by the statistical maximum – the sum of the average value with a doubled standard deviation, with the volume of research more than 30, and the maximum value with the volume of research less than 30. Results. About half of the studied water samples from the sources of the centralized drinking water supply of the Republic of Khakassia, annually, are noted with exceeding the control level of specific total alpha-activity (0,2 Bq/kg). The values obtained in the studied samples vary up to 5,57 Bq/kg. During the observation period, samples of water exceeding the reference level of specific total alpha-activity (0.2 Bq/kg) were identified in settlements of the Altai, Askizsky, Beysky, Bogradsky, Ordzhonikidzevsky, Tashtypsky, Ust–Abakansky, Shira districts and the city of Sorsk, smt. Prigorsk (Chernogorsk). In previous studies, it was found that high levels of specific total alpha-activity in the country are mainly due to natural radionuclides uranium-238 (238U), uranium-234 (234U). In a number of settlements of the Republic, the sum of the ratio of specific activities of natural radionuclides to the corresponding levels of intervention exceeds 1,0. Average annual individual effective doses of internal exposure to natural radionuclides of drinking water, at or above 0,1 mSv/year (values in the range of 0,1-0,2 mSv/year), which does not require urgent radiation protection measures. At the same time, monitoring of indicators of radiation safety of water sources of water supply should be carried out in accordance with the established requirements. In this connection, in order to improve control, for the rapid assessment of the radiation situation and making timely decisions to ensure radiation safety of the population, the calculation of control levels of specific total alpha-activity was carried out. As a result of calculations, specific values of control levels for each of water source were obtained. The calculated values range from 0,2 to 2,6 Bq/kg. Conclusion. The control levels are “site standards” and are calculated for each of the source of water supply. Their excess will be considered as a signal of “negative change” of the radiation situation”, which may be associated with an increase of the specific activities of 234U, 238U, or the appearance of highly radiotoxic radionuclides: 226Ra, 210Po, 228Ra.

scholarly journals Natural Radioactivity in Selected Soil Samples from the Archaeological of Ur City in Dhi-Qar Province, Iraq

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 74-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iman Tarik Al-Alawy ◽  
Monar Deya Salim
Keyword(s):  
Dose Rate ◽  
Natural Radioactivity ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Radiation Detection ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Absorbed Dose Rate ◽  
Radium Equivalent Activity ◽  
Mean Values

The specific activity of natural radionuclides in 24 soil samples collected from antiquities area of Ur city in Dhi-Qar province (31.0459863N, 46.2534257E) in southern Iraq have been studied and evaluated. Experimental results were obtained by using a Gamma ray spectrometer analysis system consists of a scintillation detector Sodium Iodide activated by Thallium NaI(Tl) of (3"×3") crystal dimension at the laboratory of radiation detection and measurement in Science Collage, University of Kufa. The spectrometer has been calibrated for energy by acquiring a spectrum from four standard sources of gamma radiations supplied by spectrum techniques (LLC). The measuring time of all soil samples is 18000 seconds; it was found that, the soil specific activity ranges from 29.93±2.97 to 9.99±2.56Bq/kg for 238U, from 25.66±2.55 to 7.77±2.24Bq/kg for 232Th and from 397.38±12.06 to 215.75±8.91Bq/kg for 40K, with mean values of 17.9±3.02Bq/kg, 13.66±2.41Bq/kg and 314.62±11.3Bq/kg, respectively. The results have been compared with the acceptable data of the worldwide literatures. In order to evaluate the radiological hazard of the natural radioactivity, the radium equivalent activity (Raeq), the gamma absorbed dose rate (AD), the annual effective dose rate and the both (external and internal) hazard index have been calculated and compared with the acceptable values of the worldwide average (UNSCEAR 2000).

scholarly journals Natural Radionuclides and Radon Exhalation Rate in the Soils of Cauvery River Basin

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 117862211774694 ◽  
Author(s):  
CS Kaliprasad ◽  
PR Vinutha ◽  
Y Narayana
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Radon Exhalation Rate ◽  
Exhalation Rate ◽  
Cauvery River ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Radon Exhalation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Recommended Level

In this study, systematic measurement of activity concentrations of 40K, 226Ra, and 232Th and radon exhalation rate has been done in soil samples of Cauvery River environment. The activity was measured using HPGe gamma-ray spectrometer, and the mean values of 40K, 226Ra, and 232Th in the soil samples were found to be 182 ± 4, 34 ± 2, and 19 ± 1 Bq kg−1, respectively. The radon exhalation rate was measured by “Can technique” using SSNTD (LR-115) films. The mean values of radium concentration, surface exhalation, and mass exhalation rate were found to be 118.95, 293.61, and 108.53 mBq kg−1 h−1, respectively. The radiological hazard indices due to natural radioactivity were calculated and compared with international recommended values, which are lower than the recommended level. The radon exhalation rate is lower than the recommended level.

scholarly journals Specific activities and radiation hazard parameters calculations of natural radionuclides in AL-Mustansiriyah university soils using NaI(Tl) detector

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (30) ◽  
pp. 172-179
Author(s):  
Nada Farhan Kadhim
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Radiation Hazard ◽  
Absorbed Dose Rate ◽  
External Hazard Index ◽  
Specific Activities ◽  
Hazard Parameters

The specific activities of the natural radionuclides U-238 and Th-232 and K-40 in 14 soil samples collected from different sites fromAL-Mustansiriyah university at two depths (topsoil "surface" and20cm depth) were be investigated using gamma ray spectrometer3"x3" NaI(Tl) scintillation detector.The analysis of the energy spectra of the soil samples show thatthese samples have specific activities ranging with (16.08-51.11)Bq/kg for U-238, (14.79-52.29) Bq/kg for Th-232 and (191.08-377.64) Bq/kg for K-40, with an average values of 29.37, 34.14 and289.62 Bq/kg for U-238, Th-232, k-40 respectively. The radiationhazard parameters of the natural radionuclides; radium equivalentactivity (Raeq), gamma absorbed dose rate (Dγ), annual effective doserate (Eγ), internal and external hazard index (Hin, Hex) have also beencalculated. The maximum value of specific activities and hazardparameters was found in the sample of the soil gathered from theLiterature college center. All the calculated specific activates valueswere be in the ranges of worldwide averages, and below than theglobal permissible limits, this would indicate that the soils of theUniversity is safety for both students and staff.

Residues and Persistence of Glyphosate in Irrigation Water

Weed Science ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Comes ◽  
V. F. Bruns ◽  
A. D. Kelley
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Single Site ◽  
Application Site ◽  
Canal Water ◽  
Aminomethylphosphonic Acid ◽  
Dry Soil

Neither glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine] nor the soil metabolite aminomethylphosphonic acid were detected in the first flow of water through two canals following application of glyphosate at 5.6 kg/ha to ditchbanks when the canals were dry. Soil samples collected the day before canals were filled (about 23 weeks after treatment) contained about 0.35 ppm glyphosate and 0.78 ppm aminomethylphosphonic acid in the 0 to 10-cm layer. When glyphosate was metered into the water at a rate calculated to provide 150 ppb in the canal water at a single site on two flowing canals, about 70% of the glyphosate was accounted for 1.6 km downstream from the application site. Thereafter, the rate of disappearance diminished, and about 58% of the applied glyphosate was present at the end of the canals 8 or 14.4 km downstream from the introduction sites.

scholarly journals STUDY AND ESTIMATION OF THE RATIO OF 137CS AND 40K SPECIFIC ACTIVITIES IN SANDY AND LOAM SOILS / 137CS IR 40K SAVITŲJŲ AKTYVUMŲ SANTYKIŲ TYRIMAS IR VERTINIMAS PRIESMĖLIO IR PRIEMOLIO DIRVOŽEMYJE

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
Renata Mikalauskienė ◽  
Donatas Butkus ◽  
Ingrida Pliopaitė Bataitienė
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Nuclear Testing ◽  
Specific Activities ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Chernobyl Nuclear Plant ◽  
Properties Of Soil ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The present article describes changes in specific activities and fluctuations in the ratio of natural 40K and artificial 137Cs radionuclides in soil samples taken from different places of Lithuanian territory. The samples of soil have been selected from the districts polluted after the accident in Chernobyl nuclear plant performing nuclear testing operations. The study has established the main physical and chemical properties of soil samples and their impact on the concentration of 40K activities. 137Cs/40K specific activities in soil have been observed under the dry weight of the sample that varied from 0.0034 to 0.0240. The results of the study could be used for establishing and estimating 137Csand 40K transfer in the system “soil-plant”. Santrauka Straipsnyje nagrinėjama gamtinės (40K) ir dirbtinės (137Cs) kilmės radionuklidų savitųjų aktyvumų ir jų santykio kaita skirtinguose Lietuvos teritorijos dirvožemiuose. Dirvožemio mėginiai parinkti iš vietovių, kurios buvo labiau užterštos po Černobylio atominės elektrinės avarijos ir buvusių branduolinių bandymų. Tyrimo metu nustatytos pagrindinės fizinės cheminės dirvožemio savybės ir jų poveikis 40K aktyvumų koncentracijai. 137Csir 40K savitieji aktyvumai dirvožemyje tirti esant sausam mėginio svoriui. 137Cs savitieji aktyvumai sausame dirvožemyje svyravo nuo 1,1±1,0 iki 14,3±0,9 Bq/kg, o 40K savitieji aktyvumai – nuo 326±29 iki 740±15 Bq/kg. 137Csir 40K savitųjų aktyvumų santykis skirtingų vietovių dirvožemiuose kito nuo 0,0034 iki 0,0240 Bq/kg. Tyrimo rezultatai gali būti panaudoti, nustatant ir įvertinant 137Csir 40K pernašą sistemoje dirvožemis–augalai.

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