scholarly journals Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) in Serbia: Its presence on aphid-infested plants and co-occurrence with native Aphidophagous coccinellids

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-159
Author(s):  
Ivana Jovicic ◽  
Andja Radonjic ◽  
Petar Kljajic ◽  
Goran Andric ◽  
Marijana Prazic-Golic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Harmonia Axyridis ◽  
Coccinella Septempunctata ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Mature Fruit ◽  
Cultivated Plant ◽  
Potential Pest ◽  
Fruit Plants ◽  
Production Areas ◽  
Ornamental Species

The presence of the invasive coccinellid Harmonia axyridis in aphid colonies on plants, as well as its co-occurrence with native coccinellid predators was studied in the period 2011-2020. Also, its occurrence on fruit plants and grapes was monitored at harvest time. Research was conducted on 41 locations in Serbia. The feeding of this invasive species was recorded on a total of 43 aphid taxa of 25 different genera. It was most frequently present on aphid colonies of the genera Aphis, Brachycaudus and Myzus. The presence of H. axyridis in aphid colonies was recorded on 58 cultivated plant species: 10 fruit, 7 field crop, 5 vegetable and 16 ornamental species, as well as 20 non-cultivated plants. Harmonia axyridis feeding was also observed on mature fruit plants of cultivated blueberries, nectarine and grapes in representative production areas in Serbia. Nine native coccinellid species were detected in this study: Adalia bipunctata, Adalia decempunctata, Coccinella septempunctata, Hippodamia sp., Hippodamia apicalis, Hippodamia variegata, Hippodamia tredecimpunctata, Hippodamia undecimnotata and Propylea quatuordecimpunctata. Populations of H. axyridis and native coccinellids co-occurred in aphid colonies on many plants, i.e. in 53.45% of all samples. The results inferred that H. axyridis as a predator of numerous aphids on many plants is a useful coccinellid species. However, it may also be considered as a potential pest in fruit and grape production, and a threat to native aphidophagous coccinellids.

scholarly journals Keragaman Jenis Tanaman Pada Dua Sistem Pertanian di Pegunungan Arfak Papua Barat

Cassowary ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 224-232
Author(s):  
Purbokurniawan ◽  
Siti Hajar Kubangun ◽  
Alce Ilona Noya ◽  
Yanuarius Anouw
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Survey Technique ◽  
Cultivated Plant ◽  
Fruit Plants ◽  
Papua Barat

The geographical of Pegunungan Arfak Regency was at 1200 - 2300 meters above sea level, has a mountainous topography, potential for the development of economic highlands crops. The aim this research was to see the diversity of cultivated plant by Arfak people at Arfak mountainous in their field and yard farming system. These studies were conducted at 2 Districts: 1) Anggi: Testega, Bamaha and Kostera Village; 2) Anggi Gida at Tuabiam Village of  Pegunungan Arfak Regency. The data collected by survey technique. The results showed there were a diversity of cultivated plants at two different farming system by Arfak people. There were 30 cultivated plants in four villages; consisted of 9 types of carbohydrate plants, 6 types of vegetable plants, 5 types of fruit plants, 8 types of spice plants and 2 types of sweeteners and fresheners. There were 11 crop in fields and  29 crop in yard farming system, respectively.

scholarly journals QUANTIFICATION OF MAJOR PHYTOCHEMICALS OF SWERTIA CHIRAYITA, A MEDICINAL PLANT FROM NEPAL

1970 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 59-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanna Phoboo ◽  
Marcia Da Silva Pinto ◽  
Prasanta C. Bhowmik ◽  
Pramod Kumar Jha ◽  
Kalidas Shetty
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Swertia Chirayita ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Central Nepal ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cultivated Plant ◽  
Array Detection ◽  
Important Medicinal Plant

Swertia chirayita is an important medicinal plant from Nepal with anti-diabetic, anti-pyretic, anti-malarial and anti-inflammatory potential and used in therapeutic herbal preparations in parts of South Asia. The main phytochemicals in crude aqueous and ethanolic extracts of different plant parts of Swertia chirayita collected from nine different districts of Nepal representing West, East and Central Nepal were quantified using HPLC/DAD (High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Diode Array Detection). The quantities of these phytochemicals were also compared between wild and cultivated plant parts of Swertia chirayita. Amarogentin, mangiferin, swertiamarin were the main phytochemicals in all extracts. The highest quantity of all the three phytochemicals was found in IL (inflorescence and leaf mixture) of all the collected plants samples. There was no significant difference in the amounts of these three phytochemicals between extracts from wild and cultivated plants. The result from this study substantiates the validity of cultivated Swertia chirayita for medicinal purposes and trade.Key words:  Swertia chirayita; HPLC/DAD; Wild; Cultivated; Phytochemicals; Quantification; Mangiferin; Swertiamarin; AmarogentinDOI: 10.3126/eco.v17i0.4118EcoprintAn International Journal of EcologyVol. 17, 2010Page: 59-68Uploaded date: 3 January, 2011

scholarly journals PERANAN TUMBUHAN LIAR DALAM KONSERVASI SERANGGA PENYERBUK ORDO HYMENOPTERA

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
Erniwati Erniwati ◽  
Sih Kahono
Keyword(s):  
Flowering Time ◽  
Food Resources ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Applied Study ◽  
Insect Pollinators ◽  
Cultivated Plant ◽  
Dry Seasons

The role of the wild plants in relation to the conservation of the Indonesian insectpollinators was studied at several areas of Java. Three of direct observationmethods were applied: study of biodiversity and observation on the wild flowersand the insect pollinators as well, and the behaviour of the insects. The flowersof wild plants were relatively smaller and paler in colour, however they were moreattractive to insect pollinators than cultivated plants. Flowering time of the wildplants was mostly during wet seasons, contrary to that of the cultivated plantswhich was mostly during dry seasons. Our observation indicated that these wildplants are the food resources of insect pollinators during wet seasons. Observationdata support the importance of wild plants to supply food to insect pollinatorsduring wet seasons. Management of wild and cultivated plant environments isnecessary to conserve insect pollinators.

scholarly journals A switch from constitutive chemical defence to inducible innate immune responses in the invasive ladybird Harmonia axyridis

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 20130006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrike Schmidtberg ◽  
Christian Röhrich ◽  
Heiko Vogel ◽  
Andreas Vilcinskas
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Antimicrobial Peptides ◽  
Harmonia Axyridis ◽  
Chemical Defence ◽  
Coccinella Septempunctata ◽  
Invasion Biology ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Innate Immune Responses ◽  
Simultaneous Synthesis ◽  
Related Proteins

The harlequin ladybird, Harmonia axyridis , has emerged as a model species for invasion biology, reflecting its remarkable capacity to outcompete native ladybird species when introduced into new habitats. This ability may be associated with its prominent resistance to pathogens and intraguild predation. We recently showed that the constitutive antibacterial activity present in the haemolymph of H. axyridis beetles can be attributed to the chemical defence compound harmonine. Here, we demonstrate that H. axyridis differs from other insects, including the native ladybird Coccinella septempunctata, by reducing rather than increasing the antimicrobial activity of its haemolymph following the injection of bacteria. However, both species produce new or more abundant proteins in the haemolymph, indicating that bacterial challenge induces innate immune responses associated with the synthesis of immunity-related proteins. Our results suggest that H. axyridis beetles can switch from constitutive chemical defence to inducible innate immune responses, supporting hypothesis that inducible antimicrobial peptides protect host beetles against pathogens that survive constitutive defences. These alternative antimicrobial defence mechanisms may reflect a trade-off resulting from fitness-related costs associated with the simultaneous synthesis of harmonine and antimicrobial peptides/proteins.

scholarly journals Competition for Aphid Prey between Different Lady Beetle Species in a Laboratory Arena

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christy Leppanen ◽  
Andrei Alyokhin ◽  
Serena Gross
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Harmonia Axyridis ◽  
Coccinella Septempunctata ◽  
Lady Beetle ◽  
Macrosiphum Euphorbiae ◽  
Beetle Species ◽  
Lady Beetles ◽  
Aphid Prey ◽  
Aphid Consumption ◽  
Asymmetric Interactions

Direct competition for aphid prey (Hemiptera: Aphididae) was evaluated between and among several lady beetle species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). The behavior of three native (Coccinella trifasciata, Coleomegilla maculata,andHippodamia convergens) and four nonnative (Coccinella septempunctata,Harmonia axyridis,Hippodamia variegata,andPropylea quatuordecimpunctata) lady beetles was observed in laboratory arenas. The beetles were kept alone, paired with conspecifics or paired with heterospecifics, and presented with potato aphids (Macrosiphum euphorbiae).Harmonia axyridiswas the most successful aphid predator in our study, being able to find aphids more quickly and consume more of them compared to most other lady beetle species. It was also by far the most aggressive of the tested species.Coccinella septempunctata, C. trifasciata,andC. maculatagenerally followedH. axyridisin aphid consumption. Prey discovery, consumption, and aggressive behaviors were dependent on which species were present in the arena. Except for the generally superiorH. axyridis, there was no obvious dominance hierarchy among the other tested species and no dichotomy between the native and non-native species. Asymmetric interactions between lady beetle species may affect their abilities to coexist in the same habitat.

scholarly journals A Review on Haploid and Double Haploids in Ornamental Plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Rakesh Kumar Meena ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Production System ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Dh Population ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Haploid Species ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Ornamental Species

Sporophyte plants with many gametophytic chromosomes are called haploid plants. These plants can be produced naturally or through in vitro or in vivo induction techniques. Double haploid (DH) can be obtained by doubling the number of haploid chromosomes spontaneously or artificially. They are homozygous, and this homozygosity will be realized in the life cycle of a generation using the DH production system. This production system is used to correct heterosis. Easy to interact with the DH population. DH can be used as parental inbreds of new varieties or self-pollinated plants or cross-pollinated plants. Haploids can be used to isolate mutants, especially if the mutant allele is not diploid. If the haploid is transformed immediately after the chromosome is copied, the plant can be obtained step by step. By combining biotechnological means with conventional methods, the important goal of improving cultivated plants can be achieved in a short time. This article analyzes the various developments in the field of haploid species related to economically important ornamental species.

scholarly journals The first record of a potential pest Orientus ishidae (Matsumura, 1902) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) in Poland

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Klejdysz ◽  
Agnieszka Zwolińska ◽  
Marcin Walczak ◽  
Michał Kobiałka
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
First Record ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Climate Variations ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Flavescence Dorée ◽  
Grapevine Yellows ◽  
Leaf Chlorosis ◽  
Potential Pest

Abstract This study provides the first data on the occurrence of the mosaic leafhopper Orientus ishidae (Matsumura, 1902) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) in Poland. This species is native to Southeast Asia, adventive in Europe and feeds on cultivated plants. Orientus ishidae is a well-known carrier of Grapevine flavescence doree phytoplasma which causes the grapevine yellows disease. Symptoms of phytoplasma diseases of grapevine include deformations, leaf chlorosis and withering of plants. The appearance of this species in Poland might be caused by observed climate variations and insufficient plant health controls in the international trade of plants.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document