scholarly journals The effects of framing and ego-involvement on performance on the Wason selection task

Psihologija ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarina Jovanovic ◽  
Iris Zezelj
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Early Death ◽  
Selection Task ◽  
School Students ◽  
Wason Selection Task ◽  
Self Image ◽  
Threatening Information ◽  
Ego Involvement ◽  
The One

Man?s deep-rooted tendency to maintain and reinforce a positive self-image makes man inclined to uncritically accept desirable information (the confirmation bias) as well as to criticize and reject undesirable information (the disconfirmation bias). Since disconfirmation strategy leads to a logically correct solution to the four-card Wason selection task, we predicted that ego-involvement manipulation would have a significant effect on the success rate of the task. Specifically, we hypothesized that subjects who were exposed to personally threatening information would try to reject it and thus be more successful on Wason task than those who were exposed to non-threatening information, as established in previously published study by Dawson et al. (2002a). Furthermore, we wanted to examine if manipulating valence framing of the Wason task rule would result in a higher success rate for the group exposed to the threatening and negatively framed rule (that implied their own early death) than the group exposed to the threatening but positively framed rule (that category of people other than the one they belong to live longer). One hundred ninety five high school students from Kragujevac, Serbia participated in the experiment. The results confirmed the expected effect of involvement, while the main effect of framing did not occur. However, there was a marginally significant involvement by framing interaction: unexpectedly, non involved participants were more likely to solve the task correctly when it was positively framed than when in was negatively framed, whilst in the involved group there was no difference in correct responding depending on framing. The findings suggest that the success rate in Wason task can be sensitive to the valence framing of the rule, but only when respondents are not highly personally threatened. Potential methodological interventions in ego-involvement manipulation and content of the rules are discussed.

DISCIPLINE IN SCHOOLS: SOME ACTUAL ISSUES

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Wirth ◽  
◽  
Boris Aberšek ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Senior High School ◽  
The Other ◽  
School Students ◽  
Educational Processes ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
The One ◽  
Senior High School Students

Discipline in class is essential. Without it the educational processes and teachings are difficult. In this manner curricula goals are almost impossible to achieve. There are and there always will be some kind of conflicts between teachers and students, but they should not evolve to become a problem. Teachers (especially elderly teachers) often express pessimism of contemporary students. They say that today's students have less knowledge, they do misbehave more often than previous generations. A study among students was conducted. It was trying to determine the rate of discipline in schools in Celje to see if these statements are true. The questionnaire to students of one primary and one high school in Celje, Slovenia were distributed. The answers from 234 students were received. On the one hand, it was found out that senior high school students have the worst level of discipline of all the grades tested. They themselves assess their class atmosphere as less disciplined. They report that teachers use a lot of time to calm the class down. All this is probably a factor in lower average grade that the senior high school students have. On the other hand, it was found out that teachers do not react to the disturbance or they are trying to be repressive. These are not the correct ways of dealing with discipline issues. Therefore, there are some recommended ways how teachers should react. Keywords: discipline in class, primary school, contemporary student, elderly teachers.

scholarly journals The Helping Behavior of Senior and Vocational High School Students Based on the Values of Pancasila in Pemalang Regency

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Dedit Priyono ◽  
Alvanov Z. Mansoor ◽  
Intan R. Mutiaz
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Helping Behavior ◽  
Fundamental Principle ◽  
Vocational High School ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
School Students ◽  
Character Building ◽  
The One ◽  
Building Program

The decline in a social relationship has led people, particularly teenagers, to an unwillingness to help others. Therefore, there needs such an effort to help teenagers realize the importance of helping others. One possible effort is to hold a character building program. In this case, the writer involves Pancasila as the fundamental principle of the program to relate its values to the helping behavior the teenagers might show. Accordingly, this study focuses on finding the helping behavior related to the values contained in the Sila of Pancasila shown by the teenagers. This descriptive-qualitative study uses Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and literature study methods to collect data. From the research, the writer finds Sila 2 Kemanusiaan Yang Adil dan Beradab fits the helping behavior shown by the teenagers the most. The helping behavior shown relates, particularly, with the following values of Pancasila, i.e., "To recognize equality both in rights and responsibility, to uphold the values of humanity," and "To promote fairness to others." Nevertheless, teenagers have not shown yet the one related with "To practice tolerance and show empathy."

Teaching Electricity Between Pedagogy and Technology

2020 ◽  
pp. 304-314
Author(s):  
Chekour Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Educational System ◽  
Teaching Practices ◽  
Added Value ◽  
School Students ◽  
Historical Investigation ◽  
The One ◽  
Pedagogical Approaches ◽  
Low Rate

Moroccan high school students find major difficulties in understanding the concepts related to electricity. The problem lies not only in the knowledge itself but also in the teaching practices. Even worse, in the Moroccan educational system, the lack of experimental activities and the low rate of integration of educational technologies hinder an effective teaching of these concepts. Indeed, the lack of these experimental activities is the main cause of the introduction of the erroneous conceptions. This lack can be remedied through simulation. The simulation is the one-off solution for the phenomena invisible to the human eye. In this chapter, the authors review the literature of the main pedagogical approaches used to facilitate the acquisition of phenomena of electricity and specially the historical investigation approach based on collaborative learning. Also, they highlight the added value of the combination of the investigation and simulation of phenomena of electricity.

Ideological Development In Working-Class Youth

1973 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Steinitz ◽  
Prudence King ◽  
Ellen Solomon ◽  
Ellen Shapiro
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Community Context ◽  
Individual Responsibility ◽  
Basic Question ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Political Consciousness ◽  
School Students ◽  
The One ◽  
Class Youth

The authors report on research in progress regarding modes of political thought among "bright" working-class adolescents. The basic question framing the study was "Has the ideology of working-class youth shifted away from its traditional focus on upward mobility toward a radical critique of the society?" The study consisted of in-depth interviews with working-class high school students with IQ's over 115. A pilot study revealed little heightened political consciousness and the authors turned to an exploration of the effects of community context on ideological development. The second phase of the research studied working-class adolescents in three contrasting community settings. Initial findings indicate on the one hand a widespread ethic of individual responsibility and a general suspicion of political involvement,but on the other hand, substantial community and individual variation in personal visions of the future and levels of support for the American political system. The authors speculate on the complex problems involved when middle-class persons engage in political consciousness raising among working-class adolescents,who would have to take substantial personal risks were they to adopt a more radical position.

scholarly journals PENGEMBANGAN SOAL STATISTIKA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN KONEKSI MATEMATIS SISWA

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-228
Author(s):  
Azzahro Nurul Furqoni ◽  
Yuriska Destania
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Curriculum Evaluation ◽  
School Students ◽  
Self Evaluation ◽  
Expert Review ◽  
Question Item ◽  
One To One ◽  
The One ◽  
Two Stages

This research aimed to produce a product in the form of problem-connections of students mathematical was valid and practical (legible). This method of research was research and development. The research was conducted in Bengkulu City with the research subject of 6 students of grade VIII junior high school students and was carried out in May-June 2020. The method of data collection in development was carried out using Tessmer’s, which consists of preliminary, self-evaluation, expert review, and one-to-one. In the preliminary, two stages must be passed, namely preparation from completion. Was analyzing the curriculum, students, and material. Then, the completing the results of the students, curriculum evaluation, and the material was used as a reference for designing the mathematical connection ability, from the solution it produces 20 prototypes which are then assessed and fixed on self-evaluation. Of the 20 prototypes, these items will go through the validation stage (expert review) after 3 validation. Then, obtained 14 valid prototype items based on quantitative and qualitative analysis and test on 6 students to see the practicality or readability of items (one-to-one). The one-to-one stage was carried out to get comments on each question item to be analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. Based on the qualitative comments, most of the provided students already understand the problem (legible) according to data, the average preceding data (legible) was recorded in the description of the pre-emptive questions at intervals of 4 ≤ RPproduc ≤ 5.

scholarly journals IMPLEMENTASI BOYER-MOORE PADA APLIKASI PENCARIAN RUMUS MATEMATIKA DAN FISIKA

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Halim Agung ◽  
Yogyawan Yogyawan
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Pattern Matching ◽  
String Matching ◽  
Matching Method ◽  
School Students ◽  
Matching Algorithm ◽  
Testing Method ◽  
The One ◽  
Mathematics And Physics

[Id]Sulitnya mencari dan menghafalkan rumus matematika dan fisika menjadi kendala bagi sebagian pelajar SMA terutama dalam menjawab soal yang ada. Dibutuhkan ketelitian untuk menentukan apa saja yang tercantum dalam soal tersebut. Penelitian ini meneliti bagaimana cara melakukan pendeteksian kata kunci yang terdapat pada soal matematika dan fisika sekaligus dicocokkan dengan menggunakan metode pencocokan kata. Algoritma yang digunakan untuk melakukan pencocokan kata adalah algoritma Boyer-Moore. Setiap data kata kunci yang ada di basis data akan diambil berdasarkan fisika atau matematika, kemudian dipecah per kata. Setelah data kata kunci sudah dipecah menjadi per kata, tiap kata kunci akan melakukan pencocokkan ke soal yang dimasukkan pengguna dengan metode pencocokkan kata. Setelah dicocokkan dan hasil pencocokkan berhasil, aplikasi akan menampilkan daftar rumus yang memiliki kata kunci cocok dengan yang ada di soal. Pengujian metode pencocokan kata dengan algoritma Boyer-Moore pada soal matematika dan fisika yang sebanyak 30 kali membuktikan bawah aplikasi dapat menampilkan daftar rumus yang sesuai dalam melakukan pencocokkan pola kata kunci di soal baik matematika maupun fisika tingkat SMA.Kata kunci :Pencocokan Kata Kunci, Boyer-Moore, Rumus, Matematika, Fisika[en]Difficult to find and memorize math and physics becomes an obstacle for the majority of high school students, especially in answering the questions that exist. It takes precision to determine what is stated in the question. This study investigated how to make the detection of keywords contained in the math and physics as well matched using string matching method. The algorithm used to perform string matching algorithm is the Boyer-Moore. Each keyword data in the database will be taken based on the physics or mathematics, then broken down per word. Once the data has been broken down into key words per word, every keyword will perform matching to the matter that the user entered with a string matching method. Once matched and the matching result is successful, the application will display a list of formulas that have keywords match the one in question. Testing method of string matching algorithms Boyer-Moore in math and physics as much as 30 times to prove under the application can display a list of the appropriate formula in performing the pattern matching keywords in a matter of both mathematics and physics high school level.Keywords : String Matching, Boyer-Moore, Formula, Math, Physics.

scholarly journals ENGINEERING GRADUATE ATTRIBUTES EXHIBITED BY HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison Chong ◽  
David S. Strong
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
School Level ◽  
Engineering Profession ◽  
High School Level ◽  
School Students ◽  
Graduate Attributes ◽  
Selection Decisions ◽  
University Enrolment ◽  
The One

Awareness and knowledge of both the engineering profession and engineering education programming is important for students in high school because strategic course choices must be made for students to qualify for university enrolment. This paper, a work-in-progress of a larger study, uses a qualitative analysis framed by the CEAB Graduate Attributes to gain insight into how teachers identify students who could become engineers. Participants clearly identified traits that describe the Knowledge Base attribute. Many participants identified other traits that described how students work; these did not fit easily within one attribute. The one attribute that was notably absent was Design.The findings describe that participants had a partial idea of the traits that would describe a potential engineer. This gap in knowledge supports work to develop a complete idea of the engineering profession at the high school level to ensure students can make informed course selection decisions and, in turn, career decisions

scholarly journals Fostering Informatics Education through Teams Olympiad

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 133-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia AMAROLI ◽  
Giorgio AUDRITO ◽  
Luigi LAURA
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Group Membership ◽  
Peer Education ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
School Students ◽  
School Programs ◽  
The World ◽  
The One ◽  
Talented Students

Even though the International Olympiad in Informatics directly involves a restricted number of pupils from each country, one of its primary goals is stimulating interest in computer science and information technology over the whole younger segment of the world’ s population. In several countries, this aim has to be accomplished without an active intervention of the Ministry of Education on school programs, relying on the efforts of small devoted organizations. In this context, promoting the involvement of a large number of school teachers may be as crucial as difficult to achieve. Following a 9-year experience of teams competitions in Italy, recently shared with other European countries, we argue that teams Olympiad may be an effective tool for widening the participation of high-school students and teachers, synergistically cooperating with existing individual competitions. On the one hand, teams contests foster peer education, encouraging talented students to help training fellows. On the other hand, these competitions can be more appealing both for average students, valuing group membership more than personal accomplishments, and most importantly, teachers: team achievements are more recognizably linked with the overall school or teacher performance than solitary excellences, resulting in increased returns rewarding the involved subjects.

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