scholarly journals Changes in jaw dimensions and bone density in patients with osteoporosis

2009 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srdjan Postic
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Radiographic Analysis ◽  
Panoramic Radiographs ◽  
Jaw Bones ◽  
Restorative Treatment ◽  
Lower Jaw

Introduction Osteopenia and osteoporosis reduce the density and mass of jaw bones. Aim The aim of this study was to present the methods of radiographic analysis in patients with osteoporosis prior to restorative treatment. Method 127 panoramic radiographs (Kodak, USA) and 39 retroalveolar radiographs (KD 58-R 30?40 mm, USA) were used for the analysis of density (DT II 05 densitometer, England) and dimensions of jaw bones with respect to segments corresponding to bone layers. Results The results of this study indicated statistically significant differences in bone density (p<0.05 and p<0.01) in patients with osteopenia. Bone density was significantly reduced (p<0.01 and p<0.001) in osteoporotic patients, when compared to controls. Significant reductions of edentulous ridges in osteoporotic patients women X=23.05 mm (kV=30.72%) and X=22.85 mm (kV=28.81%), and men X=28.83 (kV=8.55%) as well as X=25.36 (kV=11.43%), were observed. Conclusion Bone density of the upper and lower jaw is reduced in osteoporotic patients. At the very beginning of restorative prosthodontic therapy of osteoporotic patients, retroalveolar radiographs and panoramic radiographs should be obtained. Reference lines should be assigned, contours of the alveolar and edentulous ridges on radiographs should be analysed and bone density assessed.

scholarly journals LINEAR MEASUREMENT OF THE CONDYLE POSITION IN HIV-INFECTED CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Lusi Epsilawati ◽  
Ria N.Firman ◽  
Irna Sufiawati ◽  
Norlaila Sarifah ◽  
Indra Gunawan
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Joint Space ◽  
Linear Measurement ◽  
Horizontal Line ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Panoramic Radiographs ◽  
Standard Distance ◽  
Condyle Position ◽  
The Right

Background: The incidence of HIV had recently increased rapidly. People infected with HIV were required to take anti-viral drugs. The severity of HIV also contributes to a decrease in bone mineral density due to taking antiviral drugs. Decreased bone density in people with HIV was a chronic disease due to the long-term use of drugs. TMD in people with HIV was often associated with several factors including emotional states such as depression. Patient infected HIV was vulnerable to TMD because it triggers physical and psychological changes. TMD and decreased bone density are common in people with HIV. Researchers hope that later there will be the latest findings that can make patients infected with HIV felt safe to take drugs without worrying about the decline in bone quality. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the value of linear measurement of the condyle position in HIV- infected children and adolescents based on panoramic radiographs in Dental Hospital Padjadjaran University. Methods: This descriptive and cross-sectional method was conducted on panoramic radiographs of HIV-infected children and adolescents since was born. Condyle position was defined by linear measurement using a protractor that divides the condyle 45° of anterior, 90° of superior, and 135° of posterior joint space from a horizontal line. The distance was then measured using a digital caliper. Results: According to linear measurements of the condyle position, all samples had abnormal linear distances in children and adolescents in all gender. The standard range of anterior joint space (Ajs) was 1.3 mm, superior joint space (Sjs) was 2.1 mm, and the posterior joint space (Pjs) was 1.8 mm. The result of this research, the right women condyle sample, the standard distance of the AJS was 0%, SJS was 16%, Pjs was 18%. While the left condyle, the usual range of the AJS was 4%, SJS was 12%, Pjs was 24%. The right men condyle sample, the standard distance of the Ajs was 0%, Sjs was 17.65%, Pjs was 11.76%. While the left condyle, the usual range of the Ajs was 0%, Sjs was 11.76%, Pjs was 5.88%. Conclusions: The abnormal distance measured was found in the condyle position of children and adolescents infected with HIV.

scholarly journals Morphology of the suspensorial, jaw, and opercle musculature of Beloniformes and related species (Teleostei: Acanthopterygii), with a special reference to the m. adductor mandibulae complex

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingmar Werneburg
Keyword(s):  
Related Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Jaw Bones ◽  
Morphological Findings ◽  
Lower Jaw ◽  
Flying Fishes ◽  
Reduced Mobility ◽  
Jaw Musculature

The taxon Beloniformes represents a heterogeneous group of teleost fishes that show an extraordinary diversity of jaw morphology. I present new anatomical descriptions of the jaw musculature in six selected beloniforms and four closely related species. A reduction of the external jaw adductor (A1) and a changed morphology of the intramandibular musculature were found in many Beloniformes. This might be correlated with the progressively reduced mobility of the upper and lower jaw bones. The needlefishes and sauries, which are characterised by extremely elongated and stiffened jaws, show several derived characters, which in combination enable the capture of fish at high velocity. The ricefishes are characterised by several derived and many plesiomorphic characters that make broad scale comparisons difficult. Soft tissue characters are highly diverse among hemiramphids and flying fishes reflecting the uncertainty about their phylogenetic position and interrelationship. The morphological findings presented herein may help to interpret future phylogenetic analyses using cranial musculature in Beloniformes.

scholarly journals Studies on the Upper and Lower Jaw-bones of the Japanese

1950 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 290-302
Author(s):  
Yoshihiro Kaneko
Keyword(s):  
Jaw Bones ◽  
Lower Jaw

Bite performance surfaces of three ecologically divergent Iguanidae lizards: relationships with lower jaw bones

2019 ◽  
Vol 127 (4) ◽  
pp. 810-825
Author(s):  
Monique Nouailhetas Simon ◽  
Renata Brandt ◽  
Tiana Kohlsdorf ◽  
Stevan J Arnold
Keyword(s):  
Biomechanical Model ◽  
Disruptive Selection ◽  
Head Shape ◽  
Linear Combinations ◽  
Mechanical Advantage ◽  
Jaw Bones ◽  
Correlational Selection ◽  
Lower Jaw ◽  
Linear Selection ◽  
Non Linear

Abstract Traits that interact to perform an ecologically relevant function are expected to be under multivariate non-linear selection. Using the lower jaw morphology as a biomechanical model, we test the hypothesis that lower jaw bones of lizards are subjected to stabilizing and correlational selection, associated with mechanical advantage and maximum bite force. We used three closely related tropidurine species that differ in size, head shape and microhabitat: Eurolophosaurus nanuzae, Tropidurus hispidus and Tropidurus semitaeniatus. We predicted a common pattern of correlational selection on bones that are part of in-levers or part of the out-lever of the lower jaw. The predicted pattern was found in E. nanuzae and T. hispidus, but this could not be shown to be statistically significant. For T. semitaeniatus, we found significant disruptive selection on a contrast involving the surangular, and also significant directional selection on linear combinations of traits in all species. The results indicate that the non-linear selection on lower jaw bones does not reflect an optimum to enhance mechanical advantage in all species. Divergent functional demands and specific ecological contexts of species seem relevant in shaping patterns of selection on morphology.

scholarly journals Densitas tulang alveolar pada penderita periodontitis kronis dan periodontitis agresif melalui radiografi

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Rahmania Rahmania ◽  
Lusi Epsilawati ◽  
Nunung Rusminah
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Panoramic Radiography ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Aggressive Periodontitis ◽  
Panoramic Radiographs ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Average Bone

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine alveolar bone density in patients with chronic periodontitis and aggressive periodontitis through panoramic radiography . Material and Methods: The method used in this study was descriptive. This study was conducted on populations that met all criteria. The sampling method used was purposive sampling technique, so that 31 panoramic radiographs were diagnosed with chronic periodontitis and 7 panoramic radiographs were diagnosed with aggressive periodontitis. Results: The study showed that bone density in chronic periodontitis had an average of bony trabeculae 28.6% and marrow spaces 71.4% while bone density in aggressive periodontitis had an average bony trabeculae 20.2% and marrow spaces 79.8% Conclusion: Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that bone density in patients with chronic periodontitis and aggressive periodontitis has a low bone density value. The average bone density in patients with chronic periodontitis and aggressive periodontitis has different values, where the bone density in chronic periodontitis is greater than aggressive periodontitis.  

scholarly journals Morphology of the jaw, suspensorial, and opercle musculature of Beloniformes and related species (Teleostei: Acanthopterygii), with a special reference to the m. adductor mandibulae complex

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingmar Werneburg
Keyword(s):  
Related Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Jaw Bones ◽  
Morphological Findings ◽  
Lower Jaw ◽  
Flying Fishes ◽  
Reduced Mobility ◽  
Jaw Musculature

The taxon Beloniformes represents a heterogeneous group of teleost fishes that show an extraordinary diversity of jaw morphology. I present new anatomical descriptions of the jaw musculature in six selected beloniforms and four closely related species. A reduction of the external jaw adductor (A1) and a changed morphology of the intramandibular musculature were found in many Beloniformes. This might be correlated with the progressively reduced mobility of the upper and lower jaw bones. The needlefishes and sauries, which are characterised by extremely elongated and stiffened jaws, show several derived characters, which in combination enable the capture of fish at high velocity. The ricefishes are characterised by several derived and many plesiomorphic characters that make broad scale comparisons difficult. Soft tissue characters are highly diverse among hemiramphids and flying fishes reflecting the uncertainty about their phylogenetic position and interrelationship. The morphological findings presented herein may help to interpret future phylogenetic analyses using cranial musculature in Beloniformes.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF BONE QUALITY IN THE FRONTAL PART OF MANDIBLES IN FEMALE PATIENTS OF VARIOUS AGES USING CONE-BEAM COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 83-89
Author(s):  
Natal'ya Nurieva ◽  
Irina Shelegova ◽  
Dar'ya Vazhenina
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Optical Density ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Lower Jaw ◽  
Frontal Part ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Right ◽  
Symmetrical Points

Thing. The optical density of the lower jaw in the frontal part of female patients was studied, age-related differences in the optical density of the lower jaw were revealed. The aim is to reveal the variability of the values of optical density of the lower jaw in the anterior region in female patients. Methodology. Computed tomograms of the lower jaws of 26 patients were analyzed. The optical density of the bone was assessed using the method of computer densitometry in Hounsfield arbitrary units, measurements were carried out in the area of the root apexes of the lower canines. Statistical analysis was carried out using Microsoft Excel, Windows 9. Results. In 84.6 % of cases, the optical density of bone tissue in the area of 3.3 and 4.3 teeth is within the same class according to the Misch classification. In this group, 72.7 % of patients had class D2, 18.18 ― D1, 9 ― D3; in 15.4 %, the bone density on the right and left sides of the mandible belongs to D2 and D3. The optical density between two relatively symmetrical points is in the range from 2 to 238 units, between the right and left sides it is 129.66 HU. In the group of 30―39 (n = 6) years, in 50 % of cases, bone density belongs to class D2, in 33.33 ― D1, in 16.66 ― D3; 40―49 (n = 8) years in 87.5 % of cases ― D2, in 12.5 ― D1; 50―59 (n = 6) years at 50 % ― D2 and at 50 ― D3; 60―68 (n = 6) years at 50 % ― D2 and at 50 ― D3. Conclusions. With increasing age of patients, there is a decrease in bone density in the lower jaw in the canine area.

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